摘要：
Hail, a highly destructive weather phenomenon, necessitates critical identification and forecasting for the protection of human lives and properties. The identification and forecasting of hail are vital for ensuring human safety and safeguarding assets. This research proposes a deep learning algorithm named Dual Attention Module EfficientNet (DAM-EfficientNet), based on EfficientNet, for detecting hail weather conditions. DAM-EfficientNet was evaluated using FY-4A satellite imagery and real hail fall records, achieving an accuracy of 98.53% in hail detection, a 97.92% probability of detection, a false alarm rate of 2.08%, and a critical success index of 95.92%. DAM-EfficientNet outperforms existing deep learning models in terms of accuracy and detection capability, with fewer parameters and computational needs. The results validate DAM-EfficientNet's effectiveness and superior performance in hail weather detection. Case studies indicate that the model can accurately forecast potential hail-affected areas and times. Overall, the DAM-EfficientNet model proves to be effective in identifying hail weather, offering robust support for weather disaster alerts and prevention. It holds promise for further enhancements and broader application across more data sources and meteorological parameters, thereby increasing the precision and timeliness of hail forecasting to combat hail disasters and boost public safety.
期刊：
Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences,2024年47(6):- ISSN：0170-4214
通讯作者：
Fan, LL
作者机构：
[Bai, Yinsong; Zhao, Huijiang] Wuhan Univ, Sch Math & Stat, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Bai, Yinsong] Xinjiang Univ, Coll Math & Syst Sci, Urumqi, Peoples R China.;[Fan, Lili] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Math & Comp Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Fan, Lili; Fan, LL] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Math & Comp Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Fan, LL ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Math & Comp Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
a hyperbolic system with Cattaneo's law;asymptotic nonlinear stability;boundary effect;initial-boundary value problem;small initial perturbation;viscous shock profiles;weighted energy method
摘要：
We consider the asymptotic nonlinear stability of viscous shock profiles for an initial-boundary value problem of the scalar conservation laws with an artificial heat flux satisfying Cattaneo's law in the negative half line Double-struck capital R-=(-infinity,0)$$ {\mathrm{\mathbb{R}}}_{-} equal to \left(-\infty, 0\right) $$ with Dirichlet boundary condition. When the nonlinear flux function is assumed to be strictly convex and the unique global entropy solution of the corresponding Riemann problem of the resulting scalar conservation laws consists of shock wave with negative speed, it is shown in this paper that the large time behavior of its global smooth solutions can be precisely described by the suitably shifted viscous shock profiles, where the time-dependent shift function is uniquely determined by both the boundary value and the initial data. We also show that the shift function converge to a constant time asymptotically. Our analysis is based on weighted L2-$$ {L} circumflex 2- $$energy method.
作者机构：
[Duan, Linlin; Duan, Haitao; Li, Guozheng; Duan, HT; Jia, Dan] Wuhan Res Inst Mat Protect, State Key Lab Special Surface Protect Mat & Applic, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Duan, Linlin; Duan, Haitao; Li, Guozheng; Duan, HT; Jia, Dan] Hubei Longzhong Lab, Xiangyang 441000, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jianfang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, Bingxue] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Lab Tribol Adv Equipment, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Duan, HT ] W;Wuhan Res Inst Mat Protect, State Key Lab Special Surface Protect Mat & Applic, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;Hubei Longzhong Lab, Xiangyang 441000, Peoples R China.
摘要：
In this work, a self-assembled hybrid phosphate nanoflower (HPN) containing Ba3(PO4)2 and NaBaPO4 was synthesized via BaCO3 primary crystals inducement. A ball-on-disc reciprocating tribometer was used to explore the tribological behavior of HPN as an additive for polyalphaolefin 8 (PAO8) on titanium alloy. Compared with the neat PAO8, after being lubricated with PAO8 containing HPN, the friction coefficient and wear rate decreased by 74.98% and 99.89%, respectively. The tribofilm at the friction interface was characterized and conformed by SEM, EDS, XPS, and cross-sectional TEM. As an additive to PAO8, HPN can participate in the formation of tribofilm and exhibit superior friction-reducing and anti-wear properties for titanium alloy. It was demonstrated that due to the P-O-Ti bonds, HPN can easily adsorb and deposit at the friction interface to form a tribofilm against wear. Besides, the simulation experiments showed that the repulsive force at the solid-liquid interface between HPN and oil molecules is the key to friction reduction and lubrication, and the comparative tribological experiments of different types of base oils were performed to verify the results of molecular dynamics.
作者机构：
[He, Dongping; Gao, Pan; Sun, Bobo; Yin, Jiaojiao; Yuan, Qiaona; Zhong, Wu; Hu, Chuanrong] Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education in China, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China;[Chen, Zhe] Wuhan Institute for Food and Cosmetic Control, Wuhan, PR China;[Wang, Xingguo] International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
通讯机构：
[Pan Gao] K;Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education in China, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China
摘要：
Enzymatically prepared aromatic oils commonly have high purity and aroma quality. However, amino acid type and content vary greatly according to the type of oil, which impacts overall aroma and quality. In this study, the effects of lysine (Lys), arginine (Arg), proline (Pro), and glutamic (Glu) acid on physicochemical indices, nutrients, hazardous substances, fatty acid composition, and flavor during fragrant rapeseed oil (FRO) enzymatic preparation were investigated using the Maillard reaction (MR). In the lysine-treated group, the unsaturated fatty acids (93.16%), α-tocopherol (183.06mg/kg), γ-tocopherol (404.37mg/kg), and δ-tocopherol (12.69mg/kg) contents were the highest, whereas the acid value (1.27mg/g) and moisture (0.10%) and benzo[a]pyrene (1.45μg/kg) contents were the lowest. Sensory evaluation showed that lysine effectively enhanced FRO flavor by enhancing the nutty/toasted flavor (4.80 scores). Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that the nutty/toasted flavor correlated mainly with 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2-methyl-pyrazine, and trimethylpyrazine, nutty/toasted flavor strength increased with pyrazine content, which were the highest in the lysine group (24.02μg/g). This study provides a guide for FRO preparation by adding external MR prerequisites.
摘要：
pH-responsive intelligent films for food freshness monitoring have attracted great attentions recently. In this study, several intelligent films based on chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and grape skin anthocyanin (GSA) were prepared, and the effect of film-forming solution pH on the properties of intelligent films was investigated. The results of SEM, FTIR, XRD and TGA displayed that the hydrogen bond between CS and GSA was strong at strong acidic conditions (2.0-2.5), and it weakened at weak acidic conditions (3.0-4.5). Meanwhile, the hydrogen bond between PVA and GSA was negligible under strong acidic conditions, and it appeared under weak acidic conditions. Consequently, the films fabricated under weak acidic conditions displayed lower water solubility, lower water vapor permeability, and higher elongation at break. The tensile strength of films increased firstly and subsequently decreased with pH increasing, reaching a maximum value of 31.44MPa at pH3.5. Additionally, the films prepared at pH2.5 and 4.0 showed the best color responsiveness to ammonia and acetic acid, respectively. Overall, the intelligent films prepared under variant pH have the potential to realize the goal of monitoring the freshness of different types of food, thereby expanding the application subject of anthocyanins-based intelligent films.
摘要：
With the increasing awareness of human environmental protection, it is urgent to find potential bio-lubricants. Vegetable oil has attracted the interest of scientists because of its good lubricity and biodegradability. The external properties of vegetable oils are closely related to their internal chemical composition. Fatty acids are the main chemical components in vegetable oils. The industrial capacity of fatty acids is accurately predicted and evaluated by theory, which is very helpful for the auxiliary design of green lubricants. Combining 9 meaningful molecular descriptors and principal component regression, a calculation scheme for predicting the anti-wear properties of fatty acids and vegetable oils was proposed. The training set and validation set of the model proved that the model had excellent predictive performance. Then, on this basis, through literature retrieval and factor score study, the research group successfully screened out a class of vegetable oils with the broadest industrial application potential, including yuzu, sesame, olive and so on. This project aims to provide new ideas about the design of green bio-based lubricants and to promote the development of vegetable oils in the industry.
关键词：
Gansulinema gen. nov.;Komarkovaeasiopsis gen. nov.;cyanobacteria;polyphasic methods;taxonomy
摘要：
To increase the understanding of simple thin filamentous cyanobacteria in harsh environmental areas, we previously isolated and identified four strains (XN101, XN102, GS121, NX122) from desert soils and hot spring in China. As a result, two new Oculatellacean genera of these four strains, Gansulinema gen. nov. and Komarkovaeasiopsis gen. nov., are described based on a polyphasic approach. The ultrastructure of these strains showed a similar arrangement of peripheral thylakoids with three to four parallel layers, indicating that they belonged to the orders Nodosilineales, Oculatellales, or Leptolyngbyales. In the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, two sequences of the Gansulinema strains and the two sequences of the Komarkovaeasiopsis strains formed two independent and robust clusters, within the order Oculatellales. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains of Komarkovaeasiopsis and Gansulinema showed low identity to each other (≤93.2%) and to other sequences of the Oculatellacean genera (≤94.5% and ≤93.3%, respectively). Furthermore, the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer rRNA region secondary structures of strains of Komarkovaeasiopsis and Gansulinema were not consistent with all existing descriptions of Oculatellacean taxa. These data suggest that cyanobacterial communities are rich sources of new taxa in under-exploited areas, such as desert soils and hot spring in China.
摘要：
Identifying functional enzymes for the catalysis of specific biochemical reactions is a major bottleneck in the de novo design of biosynthesis and biodegradation pathways. Conventional methods based on microbial screening and functional metagenomics require long verification periods and incur high experimental costs; recent data-driven methods apply only to a few common substrates. To enable rapid and high-throughput identification of enzymes for complex and less-studied substrates, we propose a robust enzyme's substrate promiscuity prediction model based on positive unlabeled learning. Using this model, we identified 15 new degrading enzymes specific for the mycotoxins ochratoxin A and zearalenone, of which six could degrade >90% mycotoxin content within 3 h. We anticipate that this model will serve as a useful tool for identifying new functional enzymes and understanding the nature of biocatalysis, thereby advancing the fields of synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and pollutant biodegradation.
期刊：
Biosensors and Bioelectronics,2024年247:115936 ISSN：0956-5663
通讯作者：
Wu, TB
作者机构：
[Huang, Shan; Wu, Tongbo; Liu, Zhujun; Xu, Jie] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Pharm, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Li, Longjie; Dai, Wei] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Xianjin; Zhang, Wei] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Reprod Hlth, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wu, TB ] H;Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Pharm, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction;CRISPR/Cas12a;Gene point mutation;Information translation;Single base extension
摘要：
Gene point mutations play a significant role in the development of cancer. Therefore, developing a sensitive, specific, and universally applicable method for detecting gene point mutation is crucial for clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and cancer treatment. Recently, gene point mutation detection methods based on CRISPR/Cas12a detection have emerged. However, existing methods generally lack universality and specificity. In this study, we have developed a CRISPR/Cas12a-based method that combines improved allele-specific polymerase chain reaction and single base extension to translate the point mutation information in the target dsDNA into length information in ssDNA activators to overcome the limitations associated with PAM sequences in the CRISPR/Cas12a system. Our method achieved a detection limit of 0.002% for clinically significant EGFR T790M mutation. The CRISPR/Cas12a system we constructed demonstrates high sensitivity, specificity, and universality in detecting gene point mutations, making it a promising tool for clinical cancer screening.
作者机构：
[Zhu, Yu-Ying; Liu, Yi; Li, Shu-Lan; Hou, Hua-Ying] State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Chemistry & School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China;[Zhang, Yu-Juan; Duan, Meng-Die; Liu, Yi; Chu, Xu] School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China;[Liu, Junyi] Albany Medical College, New York 12208, United States;[Liu, Yi] School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, P. R. China
摘要：
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play pivotal roles in tumor development. As primary contents of tumor environment (TME), TAMs secrete inflammation-related substances to regulate tumoral occurrence and development. There are two kinds of TAMs: the tumoricidal M1-like TAMs and protumoral M2-like TAMs. Reprogramming TAMs from immunosuppressive M2 to immunocompetent M1 phenotype is considered a feasible way to improve immunotherapeutic efficiency. Notably, nanomaterials show great potential for biomedical fields due to their controllable structures and properties. There are many types of nanomaterials that exhibit great regulatory activities for TAMs' reprogramming. In this review, the recent progress of nanomaterials-involved TAMs' reprogramming is comprehensively discussed. The various nanomaterials for TAMs' reprogramming and the reprogramming strategies are summarized and introduced. Additionally, the challenges and perspectives of TAMs' reprogramming for efficient therapy are discussed, aiming to provide inspiration for TAMs' regulator design and promote the development of TAMs-mediated immunotherapy.
作者机构：
[Deng-Wei Zhang] Department of Mathematics and Physics, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China;[Li-Li Zheng] Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430074, Peoples Republic of China;[Mei Wang] School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430040, P. R. China;[Yuan Zhou] School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, P. R. China;[Xin-You Lü] School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
摘要：
We investigate theoretically the chaotic dynamics in an optomechanical system composed of coupled optical resonators. We find that introducing additional loss through a nanotip can induce chaotic motion. The underlying reason for this unconventional phenomenon lies in steering the system parameters via an additional loss that can bring the system to the vicinity of a chaotic regime, which dynamically enhances the optomechanical nonlinearity and suppresses the negative influence of loss, giving rise to the emergence of chaotic motion. Our work may open a different avenue for designing and developing chaotic systems in optomechanics and provide theoretical guidance for chaotic secure communication.
作者机构：
[Xiao Xu] School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.;These authors contributed equally to this work.
通讯机构：
[Xinjian Lei] K;Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China<&wdkj&>College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
ferroptosis;natural active compounds;liver disease;therapeutic implications
摘要：
Ferroptosis is an emerging type of regulated cell death usually accompanied by the accumulation of ferrous ions (Fe2+) and lipid peroxides. As the metabolic hub of the body, the liver is crucial for iron storage and lipid metabolism. The liver seems to be closely related to ferroptosis through iron and lipid metabolism. Liver disease greatly threatens host health, and exploring effective interventions is essential. Mounting studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis is one of the possible pathogenic mechanisms involved in liver disease. Targeting ferroptosis may provide a promising opportunity for treating liver disease. However, drugs targeting ferroptosis are extremely limited. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop new and safe ferroptosis regulators. Natural active compounds (NAC), especially those derived from traditional Chinese medicine, have recently shown great therapeutic potential in liver disease via modulating ferroptosis-related genes or pathways. Here, we outline the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and systematically summarize the regulatory function of NAC on ferroptosis in liver disease. Finally, we discuss the application prospects and potential problems concerning NAC as ferroptosis regulators for managing liver disease.
作者机构：
[Yang, Zheng; Xiao, Xianjin; Mu, Yaoqin; Xiao, XJ; Yan, Bei; Zhang, Lei; Fan, Heng] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Reprod Hlth, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Pei, Chengbin; Yan, Bei; Zhou, Yue] Ningxia Med Univ, Gen Hosp, Inst Med Sci, Ningxia Human Sperm Bank, Yinchuan 750004, Peoples R China.;[Li, Longjie] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Xianjin; Xiao, XJ] Hunan Normal Univ, Changsha Hosp Maternal & Child Hlth Care, Hunan Prov Key Lab Reg Hereditary Birth Defects Pr, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, LJ ] W;[Xiao, XJ ] H;Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Reprod Hlth, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;Hunan Normal Univ, Changsha Hosp Maternal & Child Hlth Care, Hunan Prov Key Lab Reg Hereditary Birth Defects Pr, Changsha, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Sperm DNA fragmentation is a sign of sperm nuclear damage. The sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test is a reliable and economical method for the evaluation of DNA fragmentation. However, the cut-off value for differentiation of DNA fragmented sperms is fixed at 1/3 with limited statistical justification, making the SCD test a semi-quantitative method that gives user-dependent results. We construct a collection of deep neural networks to automate the evaluation of bright-field images for SCD tests. The model can detect valid sperm nuclei and their locations from the input images captured with a 20× objective and predict the geometric parameters of the halo ring. We construct an annotated dataset consisting of N = 3120 images. The ResNet 18 based network reaches an average precision (AP(50)) of 91.3%, a true positive rate of 96.67%, and a true negative rate of 96.72%. The distribution of relative halo radii is fit to the multi-peak Gaussian function (p > 0.99). DNA fragmentation is regarded as those with a relative halo radius 1.6 standard deviations smaller than the mean of a normal cluster. In conclusion, we have established a deep neural network based model for the automation and quantification of the SCD test that is ready for clinical application. The DNA fragmentation index is determined using Gaussian clustering, reflecting the natural distribution of halo geometry and is more tolerable to disturbances and sample conditions, which we believe will greatly improve the clinical significance of the SCD test.
