摘要：
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the dysregulated response of the host to an infection, and treatments are limited. Recently, a novel selenium source, selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC) has attracted much attention due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but little is known about its role in the treatment of sepsis. Here, we found that SEC alleviated LPS-induced intestinal damage, as indicated by improved intestinal morphology, and increased disaccharidase activity and tight junction protein expression. Moreover, SEC ameliorated the LPS-induced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as indicated by decreased IL-6 level in the plasma and jejunum. Moreover, SEC improved intestinal antioxidant functions by regulating oxidative stress indicators and selenoproteins. In vitro, TNF-α-challenged IPEC-1 cells were examined and showed that selenium-enriched peptides, which are the main functional components extracted from Cardamine violifolia (CSP), increased cell viability, decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity and improved cell barrier function. Mechanistically, SEC ameliorated LPS/TNF-α-induced perturbations in mitochondrial dynamics in the jejunum and IPEC-1 cells. Moreover, CSP-mediated cell barrier function is primarily dependent on the mitochondrial fusion protein MFN2 but not MFN1. Taken together, these results indicate that SEC mitigates sepsis-induced intestinal injury, which is associated with modulating mitochondrial fusion.
作者机构：
[Xu H.] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;[Liu F.] Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
通讯机构：
[Fuguo Liu] D;Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
摘要：
Porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a leading cause of death in pigs and has led to considerable economic losses for the pig industry. Porcine ExPEC infections often cause systemic inflammatory responses in pigs, characterized by meningitis, arthritis, pneumonia, and septicemia. Baicalin has been reported to possess potent anti-inflammatory activity, but its function in porcine ExPEC remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect and mechanism of baicalin against the porcine ExPEC-induced inflammatory responses in 3D4/21 cells. After treatment with baicalin, the effects on cell damage, the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and the activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes were examined. Our results show that baicalin significantly reduced the damage to 3D4/21 cells infected with porcine ExPEC PCN033. Further study showed that baicalin significantly reduced the transcription and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Furthermore, baicalin inhibited the phosphorylation of proteins such as P65, nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor alpha (I kappa B alpha), extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and P38 and reduced the expression levels of proteins such as NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and caspase-1. These results reveal that baicalin reduced the damage to 3D4/21 cells by inhibiting the expression of NF-kappa B/MAPK signaling pathways and blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation in 3D4/21 cells infected with porcine ExPEC. Taken together, these results suggest that baicalin may have potential as a medicine for the treatment of porcine ExPEC-infected pigs by regulating inflammatory responses. This study provides a novel potential pharmaco-therapeutic approach to preventing porcine ExPEC infection.
摘要：
Pelophylax nigromaculatus is a common commercial specie of frogs that generally cultured throughout China. With the application of high-density culture, P. nigromaculatus can be co-infected by two or more pathogens, which thereby induce synergistic influence on the virulence of the infection. In this study, two bacterial strains were simultaneously isolated from diseased frogs by incubating on Luria-Bertani (LB) agar. Isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Elizabethkingia miricola by morphological, physiological and biochemical features, as well as 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The whole genome of K. pneumoniae and E. miricola isolates consist single circular chromosome of 5,419,557 bp and 4,215,349 bp, respectively. The genomic sequence analysis further indicated that K. pneumoniae isolate conserved 172 virulent and 349 antibiotic-resistance genes, whereas E. miricola contained 24 virulent and 168 antibiotic resistance genes. In LB broth, both isolates could grow well at 0%-1% NaCl concentration and pH 5-7. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that both K. pneumoniae and E. miricola were resistant to kanamycin, neomycin, ampicillin, piperacillin, carbenicillin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and sulfisoxazole. Histopathological studies showed that co-infection caused considerable lesions in the tissues of brain, eye, muscle, spleen, kidney and liver, including cell degeneration, necrosis, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration. The LD(50) of K. pneumoniae and E. miricola isolates were 6.31×10(5)CFU/g and 3.98×10(5)CFU/g frog weight, respectively. Moreover, experimentally infected frogs exhibited quick and higher mortality under coinfection with K. pneumoniae and E. miricola than those single challenge of each bacterium. To date, no natural co-infection by these two bacteria has been reported from frogs and even amphibians. The results will not only shed light on the feature and pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae and E. miricola, but also highlight that co-infection of these two pathogen is a potential threat to black-spotted frog farming.
作者机构：
[Huanhuan Zhou; Hongbo Chen] Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.;[Ying Zhu; Zhimin Li; Bo Yu; Jing Zhang; Qianhai Fang] Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming & Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.;[Xiangwei Deng; Shuilian Li] Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming & Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China<&wdkj&>These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.
通讯机构：
[Huanhuan Zhou; Hongbo Chen] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
作者机构：
[赵玉妍; 朱晓倩; 吴涛; 孙岚源; Zhu L.; 郭双双; Xu C.] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By - Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;[童庆芳] Wuhan Jiangxia District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Wuhan, 430200, China
通讯机构：
[Guo, S.; Wu, T.] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China
摘要：
To improve the utility value of faba bean meal (FBM), the effects of solid-state fermentation (SSF) by a strain of Bacillus pumilus on nutritional value, in vitro protein digestibility, anti-nutritional factors (ANFs), flavonoid, phenols and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results revealed that the concentrations of ANFs (phytic acid and proanthocyanidin) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) after fermentation. Fermented FBM showed higher nutritional value. Crude protein, amino acids and trichloroacetic acid-soluble protein contents in fermented FBM were higher than those from unfermented FBM. Meanwhile, the contents of phenols and flavonoid were remarkably (P < 0.05) increased after SSF. Scanning electron microscope showed that the surface of fermented FBM was more irregular and rougher than unfermented FBM. Moreover, SSF treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging capacities. The results indicated that SSF of FBM with B. pumilus is a promising and efficient method to improve nutritional value and antioxidant activity, as well as decrease the concentration of ANFs, which also endow the potential value of FBM on replacing soy bean as primary protein source in the feed ration of different animals.
期刊：
Animal Production Science,2023年63(8):761-772 ISSN：1836-0939
通讯作者：
Lihe Liu
作者机构：
[Ao, Huiling; Wang, Jiahuan; Liu, Lihe; Liu, Yang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Xigu] Huanong Hengqing Technol Co Ltd, Technol Res & Dev, Nanchang 330000, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Yubo] BIOMAX Ecol Engn Ltd Share Ltd, Technol Dev Dept, Nanjing 210000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Lihe Liu] W;Wuhan Polytechnic University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan 430023, China.
关键词：
Keywords: duration of time;fermentation temperature;moisture to substrate ratio;nutritional quality;optimisation;response-surface methodology;solid- state fermentation;sunflower meal.
作者：
Zhang, Q. I. A. N.;Zhang, L. I. N.;Du, L. I. N. X. I. A. O.;Zhang, Y. A. N. Y. A. N.;Yi, D. A. N.;...
期刊：
CZECH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE,2023年68(7):296-305 ISSN：1212-1819
通讯作者：
Wu, T
作者机构：
[Ding, B. I. N. Y. I. N. G.; Du, L. I. N. X. I. A. O.; Yi, D. A. N.; Wu, T; Zhang, Y. A. N. Y. A. N.; Zhao, D., I; Wu, T. A. O.; Zhang, Q. I. A. N.; Hou, Y. O. N. G. Q. I. N. G.] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Engn Res Ctr Feed Prot Resources Agr Prod, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Minist Educ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, L. I. N.] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yangtze River Fisheries Res Inst, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wu, T ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Engn Res Ctr Feed Prot Resources Agr Prod, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Minist Educ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
