Acknowledgements The author acknowledges the financial support provided by the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) as well as the Research & Innovative Technology Administration (RITA) at the US Department of Transportation for the project conducted at the Western Trasportation Institute. He also acknowledges the financial support through the ChuTian Scholar Visiting Professorship Fund by the Hubei Department of Education (Wuhan Polytechnic University), for the time and efforts in preparing this manuscript. The author is indebted to the ODOT Technical Advisory Committee (Steve Soltesz, James Garrard and Ray Bottenberg of ODOT, Tim Rogers of FHWA, and Bemie Covino of NETL) for their continued support throughout this study. Credit is due to the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) for providing the electrochemically aged concrete slabs. The author thanks Rich Wanke and his staffat Great Westem Corporation and Jon Doug Cross, Levi Evan and Keith Fortune at the Westem Transportation Institute who provided assistance to this research.