Acid adaptation in Salmonella Enteritidis was characterized by phenotypic and gene-expression analyses. S. Enteritidis cells at log-phase and stationary-phase were kept at pH 4.5 to 6.0 for 1 to 4 hours. All treatments induced various levels of acid tolerance response that were dependent on pH, exposure time and growth phase. This acid adaptation resulted in tolerance to 50 degrees C and 8% NaCl regardless of the growth phase. However, the tolerance of log-phase and stationary-phase cells to low temperatures (4 and -20 degrees C) was increased and decreased, respectively. RT-qPCR analysis reve...