Cationic liposome-embedded squalene (CLS) is a promising adjuvant that enhances antigen stability and mobility and improves immune response. This study compares the efficacy of a CLS-adjuvant porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine (CSV) with a conventional vaccine against PCV2. The CSV vaccine showed superior stability and was effective against PCV2-induced growth decline. It significantly increased serum immunoglobulin and cytokine levels, reduced serum PCV2 DNA, shortened the duration of viremia, and provided robust protection. CSV outperformed conventional vaccines, highlighting its poten...
