Introduction: With the proliferation of online learning, understanding students’ affective experiences in digital foreign language courses has become imperative. Methods: This mixed-methods study investigates how peer support and self-efficacy shape the emotional experiences of 502 Chinese undergraduate students in online English courses. Quantitative analyses using surveys were conducted to examine the relationships between peer support, self-efficacy, enjoyment, and anxiety. Qualitative analyses of interviews provided additional insights. Re...
