Machine learning techniques have demonstrated significant potential in predicting the shear mechanical performance of stud connectors. However, predicting the load-slip curves of stud connectors in steel-ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) composite structures remains a challenge. While some empirical models have been developed to describe the load-slip behavior of stud connectors, most are fitted to limited databases, leading to inadequate generalizability. This study presents a series of push-out tests on stud connectors encased in steel-UH...
