Anisotropic conductive films (ACFs) composed of an adhesive polymer resin and fine conductive particles such as metal-coated polymer conductive particles are interconnect materials for fine-pitch flex-on-flex (FOF) assembly technologies due to their fine-pitch handling capability, low-temperature bonding, and stable electrical properties due to the compliance of polymer conductive particles. For the ultrafine pitch FOF assembly, the polymer conductive particle content becomes more important due to electrical storage problem between electrodes. ...