Conceptualization, S.L. and F.C.; methodology, F.C.; software, S.L. and F.C.; formal analysis, S.L.; investigation, F.C.; data curation, S.L.; writing—original draft preparation, S.L. and F.C.; writing—review and editing, F.C. and R.L.; visualization, D.Y.; funding acquisition, H.Z. and F.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32000166) and the Monitoring Project of Groundwater and Important Lakes Along Main Stream of Yangtze River in Hubei Province (420000-2022-218-006-003).