摘要：
Aims: This study used entropy- and cross entropy-based methods to explore the cardiorespiratory coupling of depressive patients, and thus to assess the values of those entropy methods for identifying depression patients with different disease severities. Methods: Electrocardiogram (ECG) and respiration signals from 69 depression patients were recorded simultaneously for 5 min. Patients were classified into three groups according to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores: group Non-De (HDRS 0-7), Mid-De (HDRS 8-17), and Con-De (HDRS >17). Sample entropy (SEn), fuzzy measure entropy (FMEn) and high-frequency power (HF) were computed on the original RR interval time series and breath-to-breath interval time series. Cross sample entropy (CSEn) and cross fuzzy measure entropy (CFMEn) were computed on interval time series resampled at 2 Hz and 4 Hz, respectively. The difference among three patient groups and correlation between entropy values and HDRS scores were analyzed by statistical analysis. Surrogate data were also employed to confirm the validation of entropy measures in this study. Results: A consistent increasing trend has been found among most entropy measures from Non-De, to Mid-De, and to Con-De groups, and a significant (p < 0.05) difference in FMEn of RR intervals exists between Non-De and Mid-De or Con-De groups. Significant differences have been also found in all cross entropies, between Non-De and Con-De groups and between Mid-De and Con-De groups. Furthermore, significant correlations also exist between HDRS scores and FMEn of RR intervals (R = 0.24, p < 0.05), CSEn at 4 Hz (R = 0.26, p < 0.05) or 2 Hz (R = 0.28, p < 0.05) resampling, and CFMEn at 4 Hz (R = 0.31, p < 0.01) or 2 Hz (R = 0.30, p < 0.05) resampling. A significant difference of cardiorespiratory coupling parameters between different depression stages and significant correlations between entropy measures and depression severity both indicate central autonomic dysregulation in depression patients and reflect varying degrees of vagal modulation reduction among different depression levels. Analysis based on surrogate data confirms that the non-linear properties of the physiological signals played a major role in depression recognition. Conclusion: The current study demonstrates the potential of cardiorespiratory coupling in the auxiliary diagnosis of depression based on the entropy method.
作者机构：
[Yaya, Sanni] Univ Ottawa, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada.;[Da, Feng] Tongji Med Coll, Sch Pharm, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Shangfeng; Wang, Ruoxi] Tongji Med Coll, Sch Med & Hlth Management, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Ghose, Bishwajit] Univ Dhaka, Inst Nutr & Food Sci, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
通讯机构：
[Tang, Shangfeng] T;[Ghose, Bishwajit] U;Tongji Med Coll, Sch Med & Hlth Management, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Univ Dhaka, Inst Nutr & Food Sci, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
关键词：
Health insurance;Antenatal care;Ghana;Labor and delivery;Socioeconomic aspects of health;Mothers;Child health;Postnatal care
摘要：
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have attempted to assess the role of health insurance on health care utilization in African settings. However, there is limited evidence on the effects of health insurance on use of maternal health care. In the present study our objective was to measure the prevalence of insurance ownership, types of services covered by the insurance and the association of insurance ownership with the utilization of respective maternal health services in Ghana. METHODS: This study was based on nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey in Ghana (GDHS 2014) encompassing 4,293 mothers aged 15-49 years. Outcome variables were use of early antenatal care (ANC), facility delivery, and postnatal care (PNC) for mothers and children, and the explanatory variables were insurance coverage for these services. Associations were analysed using logistic regression models whilst controlling for potentially confounding variables. RESULTS: Prevalence of health insurance ownership was 66.8% (95%CI = 64.5-68.9) with significant socioeconomic disparities. The prevalence was higher particularly among women who were urban residents, had higher educational and wealth status. In general, insurance coverage for services such as ANC, childbirth and postnatal care was higher in rural areas, but that of cash benefit was higher in urban areas. Findings of multivariate analysis indicated that women who had their ANC services covered had significantly higher odds of attending at least one and four ANC visits, as well as receiving PNC for child. Insurance coverage for childbirth services showed significant association with the PNC for child, not with choice of health facility delivery. Women who had cash benefit were twice as likely to use early ANC visit (OR = 2.046, p<0.05), facility delivery (OR = 1.449, p<0.05), and PNC for mother (OR = 1.290, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Overall prevalence of health insurance coverage has increased since 2008, with significant disparities across demographic and socioeconomic groups. Insurance ownership for different types of maternal health services showed positive association with service uptake, with exceptions for place of delivery, indicating that insurance coverage alone may not be able to promote facility delivery. More studies are required to measure the progress in maternal healthcare utilisation through the insurance programmes.
摘要：
Information on the effects of haze on health and corresponding knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) will improve self-care ability against the ill effects of haze pollution and make environmental health policies more targeted and effective. In this study, we aim to determine the KAP and information demand in the context of haze and its effects on health. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Changchun, China, between October and November 2016. A purposive sample comprising four groups (college students, occupational population, traffic police, and elderly population) were investigated. Personal information and questions pertaining to KAP and information demand on haze pollution and health were collected through questionnaire. The questionnaire was completed by 888 residents. The awareness rate was 57.7% and varied significantly with education, exercise, and population group (p < 0.05). Among the four groups, college students scored the lowest in attitudes and practices, whereas traffic police scored the highest. Concerning the source of information demand, the elderly and traffic police preferred traditional information access (i.e., television and newspaper), whereas college students and the occupational population preferred new social media (i.e., mobile newspaper and social media sites). Regarding the most trusted department that releases information, all residents relied on the haze information released by the environmental protection department and meteorological department. The latest air quality was the most desired information of the residents. Changchun residents have a relatively high knowledge awareness rate. The elderly and less-educated residents are the targetable population for haze education. Education should be disseminated in such manner as to meet the needs of different people.
摘要：
The removal of antibiotics and widespread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have received continuous attention due to the possible threats to environment. However, little information is available on the evolution of antibiotic resistance and the relationship between ARGs and microbial communities under long-term exposure to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics. In our study, two laboratory-scale anoxic-aerobic wastewater treatment systems were established and operated for 420 days to investigate the evolution of antibiotic resistance under exposure of 5 mg.L(-1) tetracycline (TC) or 5 mg.L(-1) TC and 1 mg.L(-1) sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The average removal rates of TC and SMX were about 59% and 72%, respectively. The abundance of the main ARGs responsible for resistance to TC and SMX increased obviously after antibiotics addition, especially when TC and SMX in combination (increased 3.20-fold). The tetC and sul1 genes were the predominant genes in the development of TC and SMX resistance, in which gene sul1 had the highest abundance among all the detected ARGs. Network analysis revealed that under antibiotic pressure, the core bacterial groups carrying multiple ARGs formed and concentrated in about 20 genera such as Dechloromonas, Candidatus Accumulibacter, Aeromonas, Rubrivivax, in which intI1 played important roles in transferring various ARGs except sul3.
期刊：
International Health,2019年11(6):561-567 ISSN：1876-3413
通讯作者：
Bishwajit, Ghose
作者机构：
[Bishwajit, Ghose; Yaya, Sanni] Univ Ottawa, Fac Social Sci, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada.;[Bishwajit, Ghose] Tongji Med Coll, Sch Med & Hlth Med, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Bishwajit, Ghose] U;[Bishwajit, Ghose] T;Univ Ottawa, Fac Social Sci, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada.;Tongji Med Coll, Sch Med & Hlth Med, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Exposure to tobacco smoking during pregnancy has been shown to be associated with elevated risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage and stillbirth. However, little is known regarding the association between passive smoking and birth outcomes. This study aims to measure the prevalence of passive smoking and assess its relationship with adverse birth outcomes. METHODS: Self-reported birth outcomes (stillbirth/miscarriage/abortion) was the dependent variable that was regressed against self-reported exposure to household smoking along with various individual and community-level factors. We used propensity score matching to identify the sample and used regression analysis to quantify the association between passive smoking and birth outcomes. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to check for the robustness of the associations. RESULTS: Of the 5540 women studied, about half (50.3%, 95% CI=49.3-51.3) reported being exposed to smoking by household members. The prevalence of stillbirth was 14.6% (95% CI=13.9-15.3). In the logistic regression analysis, the confounder-adjusted OR of stillbirth in relation to exposure to smoking was 1.321 (95% CI=1.150-1.517). In the subgroup analysis, we found that the association was significant among certain age groups only. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study imply a mildly positive association between the occurrence of stillbirth and exposure to smoking in the household.
摘要：
Urban rail transit passenger flow forecasting is an important basis for station design, passenger flow organization, and train operation plan optimization. In this work, we combined the artificial fish swarm and improved particle swarm optimization (AFSA-PSO) algorithms. Taking the Window of the World station of the Shenzhen Metro Line 1 as an example, subway passenger flow prediction research was carried out. The AFSA-PSO algorithm successfully preserved the fast convergence and strong traceability of the original algorithm through particle self-adjustment and dynamic weights, and it effectively overcame its shortcomings, such as the tendency to fall into local optimum and lower convergence speed. In addition to accurately predicting normal passenger flow, the algorithm can also effectively identify and predict the large-scale tourist attractions passenger flow as it has strong applicability and robustness. Compared with single PSO or AFSA algorithms, the new algorithm has better prediction effects, such as faster convergence, lower average absolute percentage error, and a higher correlation coefficient with real values.
作者机构：
[Yaya, Sanni; Ghose, Bishwajit] Univ Ottawa, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada.;[Tang, Shangfeng; Wang, Ruoxi] Tongji Med Coll, Sch Med & Hlth Management, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ghose, Bishwajit] U;Univ Ottawa, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
摘要：
Background: Suicide causes rising economic costs and public health risks for communities in the worldwide. Physical activity (PA) is considered a potentially feasible approach to reduce risk of suicide with low cost and high accessibility, and therefore attracting increasing attention. However, current literature on the association between PA and suicidal behavior amongst elderly people in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce. Therefore, in this study we aimed to examine the relationship between suicidal thoughts (ST) and suicidal attempts (SA) with PA among elderly people in five LMICs. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from WHO's Study of Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) with 2,861 participants aged 50 years or above. Variables included: self-reported occurrence of ST and SA during past 12 months and four types of PA (vigorous physical activity (VPA), moderate physical activity (MPA), walking/bike riding, moderate leisure time physical activity (MLPA)). Results: The overall prevalence of taking >75 min of VPA/week, >150 min/week, MLPA and walking/bike riding were, respectively, 85.4% (95% CI [81.3-88.7]), 61.6% (95% CI [52.9-69.6]), 9.6% (95% CI [7.2-12.6]) and 75.1% (95% CI [68.7-80.6]). Respectively, 31.0% (95% CI [24.3-38.7]) and 5.5% (95% CI [3.9-7.5]) of the respondents reported having morbid thoughts and SA during last 12 months. In adjusted multivariable regression analysis, not engaging in PA revealed positive association with higher odds of having morbid thoughts and SA, however, with varying degrees for different types of PA among men and women and across countries. The adjusted odds ratio among elderly who encountered ST increased significantly with PA levels (1.265 in male and 1.509 in female with VPA, 1.292 in male and 1.449 in female with MPA, 1.669 in female with LMPA and 3.039 in women with walk/bike); similarly, with SA (1.526, 1.532, 1.474 and 1.392 in women with VPA, MPA, LMPA and Walk/bike, respectively). The degree of adjusted odds ratio varied between genders and among countries. Conclusion: Although the data were cross-sectional, and no linear dose-response relationship was observed between PA and morbid thought and suicide ideation, the findings provide important indications of potential harmful effects of no/inadequate PA on psychological morbidities among older individuals. Promoting adequate PA among older individuals through community-based suicide prevention programs can potentially contribute to reduction in the burden of PA in LMICs.
摘要：
We aim to document the comovement between commodity sectors by using the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform and copula method with the weekly dataset from January 1991 to December 2018. The dependence between commodity sectors varies across time and frequency. Precisely, Agriculture-Energy pair, Agriculture Industrial metals pair, Energy-Industrial metals and Industrial metals-Precious metals pair show quite similar pattern in the lead-lag relationship and the degree of comovement is quite strong. In addition, Energy-Livestock pair, Energy-Precious metals pair and Industrial-Livestock pair do not show obvious periodic characteristics, however, they present strong comovement in the long term. Furthermore, we find the evidence of the robust strong relationship in the Agriculture-Industrial metals pair and Industrial metals-Precious metals pair. Investors who aim to make good portfolio management and policymakers who want to make effective macroeconomic policy should take these conclusions into account. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词：
*NF-kappaB;*cytotoxicity;*different components of PM2.5;*inflammatory molecules
摘要：
Background: Studies have found that exposure to fine particulate matter with sizes below 2.5 microm (PM2.5) might cause inflammation response via the NF-kappaB pathway. To date, only a few studies have focused on the toxicity of different components of PM2.5. We aimed to explore the effects of PM2.5 with different components on the expression levels of NF-kappaB family gene mRNA and inflammatory molecules in human macrophages. Methods: Human monocytic cell line THP-1-derived macrophages were exposed to water-soluble (W-PM2.5), fat-soluble (F-PM2.5), and insoluble (I-PM2.5) PM2.5. The cell survival rate was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The levels of inflammatory molecules were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the relative mRNA levels of the NF-kappaB family gene were determined by real time PCR. Results: PM2.5 could decrease the cell viability. After exposure to W-PM2.5, the levels of interleukins (IL)-1beta and IL-12 p70 significantly increased. After exposure to F-PM2.5, the levels of IL-12 p70 significantly increased. The levels of IL-12 p70 and TNF-alpha after exposure to I-PM2.5 were significantly higher than that in W- and F-PM2.5 treatment groups. The levels of IL-8, C reactive protein (CRP), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 increased only after exposure to I-PM2.5. F-PM2.5 increased the mRNA levels of NF-kappaB genes, especially NF-kappaB1 and RelA. Conclusions: PM2.5 can decrease the cell survival rate and up-regulate the expression of NF-kappaB family gene mRNA and inflammatory molecules. The main toxic components of PM2.5 related to inflammatory response in macrophages were the I-PM2.5.
摘要：
In the present research, three experiments were conducted to examine the effects of anger and sadness on spontaneous trait inferences (STIs). Using a probe recognition paradigm, Experiment 1 revealed that angry participants made more errors in response to probes following trait-implying behaviours than sad participants did. Using a false recognition paradigm, Experiments 2 and 3 revealed that angry participants made more errors in response to systematic pair trials than sad participants did. The three experiments provided convergent evidence that angry individuals were more inclined to form STIs than sad individuals were. The current research first demonstrated the different effects of specific negative mood states (anger vs. sadness) on STIs, providing further insight into the relationship between mood and STIs.
期刊：
Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics,2019年9(3):456-463 ISSN：2156-7018
通讯作者：
Luo, Jun-Hong
作者机构：
[Zhang, Yue-Zhen; Luo, Jun-Hong] Quanzhou Med Coll, Dept Nursing, Quanzhou 362100, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Luo, Jun-Hong] Q;Quanzhou Med Coll, Dept Nursing, Quanzhou 362100, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Sexual Health Informatics;Sexual Self-Efficacy;Sexual Self-Protective Intentions;Sexual Health Knowledge;Structural Equation Modeling
摘要：
The purpose of this study was to test a relationship model of sexual bioinformatics knowledge and sexual health informatics in China. The study collected data from 1023 adolescent males at a college in China. Data were collected by a questionnaire. The participants were assessed using the Sexual health knowledge Scale, Sexual self-efficacy Scale, and Sexual risk behavior Questionnaire and demographic data was collected. The preliminary model fit criteria, overall model fit, and fit of internal structure of model were used to assess the fit of a model of sexual health informatics. The results revealed that sexual health knowledge has a positive effect on sexual health. Adolescent males with higher sexual health knowledge did have greater support on practicing sexual risk behavior. We concluded that sexual health knowledge was indeed an important in explaining sexual informatics. Sexual health knowledge has both direct and indirect effects on sexual self-efficacy. Our findings provide concrete directions for school educators in developing sexual health knowledge programs and understanding sexual health informatics.
通讯机构：
[Martin, Brett A. S.] Q;Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Advertising Mkt & Publ Relat, QUT Business Sch, 2 George St, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
关键词：
Psychological entitlement;Missed benefits;Tourist envy;Testimonial;Attitude toward the destination
摘要：
This research examines the impact of Chinese tourists' level of entitlement (i.e., a belief they deserve more than others) on their responses to testimonials for a missed benefit. Missed benefits are destination activities which are no longer available (e.g., an annual festival). Two experiments compare how Chinese tourists react to a testimonial for a missed benefit from a satisfied tourist (vs. a local citizen). Results show that entitled tourists dislike testimonials from tourists. Non-entitled tourists have a similar preference for either endorser. The results provide important theoretical implications. First, the research introduces a new area of study to tourism researchers: missed benefits. Second, the results show how tourist entitlement negatively influences testimonial responses. Third, the malicious envy entitled tourists feel towards the tourists in the testimonial drives their negative responses. Managerial implications include showing destination marketers that Chinese tourists can have an entitled mindset. This mindset can result in envy felt toward other tourists which can explain their negative responses to marketing messages about destination activities.
期刊：
Computers in Human Behavior,2019年100:177-183 ISSN：0747-5632
通讯作者：
Zhou, Qingyuan;Xu, Zheng
作者机构：
[Zhou, Qingyuan] Changzhou Vocat Inst Mechatron Technol, Sch Econ & Management, Changzhou, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Qingyuan] Changzhou Adm Coll, Dept Econ & Management, Changzhou, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Zheng] Minist Publ Secur, Res Inst 3, Shanghai, Peoples R China.;[Yen, Neil Y.] Univ Aizu, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, Qingyuan] C;[Xu, Zheng] M;Changzhou Vocat Inst Mechatron Technol, Sch Econ & Management, Changzhou, Peoples R China.;Minist Publ Secur, Res Inst 3, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Social network information;Emotion calculation;Network consumption decision;Fuzzy reasoning
摘要：
Due to the increasingly fierce competition in the consumer goods market, customer retention strategies are of great importance for enterprises to maintain their dominance and long-term and stable earnings. Understanding customer repurchase intention and re-patronage is the prerequisite and foundation for business and retailers. Online reviews include ratings and emotional information from many customers on brands and online stores. Consumer repurchase intention can be measured by mining the attitudes and emotions of consumers in the reviews. Based on online reviews, this work used textual sentiment calculation and fuzzy mathematics to study the online repurchase intention of online consumers. Taking satisfaction, trust and promotion efforts as the antecedents, and consumer repurchase intention as the consequent, a model was established based on emotional computing and fuzzy reasoning. Through the satisfaction, trust and promotion effort of five sportswear brands in Taobao, we verified the reasoning for determining consumer repurchase intention of products. Meanwhile, the relationship between the initial purchase intention and repurchase intention of consumers was compared, thus providing the basis for online stores to formulate their marketing strategy and brand segmentation.
