关键词:
Brightness temperature;Cirrus cloud model;Radiative properties of cirrus;Radiative transfer calculation;VAS sounding SST
摘要:
Using a more realistic cirrus cloud model, the characteristics of transmittance, emittance, and optical thickness and their relationships to cirrus in a diverse set of cases are studied by solving the equation of transfer of IR radiation. The doubling method is employed in the multiple scattering calculation. The satellite-observed brightness temperatures for different cases are computed, and stepwise regression analyses are performed to yield retrieval equations for sea surface temperature (SST). It is shown that the radiative properties of cirrus depend strongly on particle concentration, thus on the optical thickness of clouds. For clear atmospheres, channel 8 (11.2-mu-m) is more transparent than other channels. For cirrus clouds only, when the optical thickness of cirrus tau-c is < 0.10, channel 8 is still more transparent, while with tau-c increasing from 0.2 to between 4 and 8, channel 12 (4-mu-m) becomes the most transparent. When tau-c greater-than-or-equal-to 8, the transparency of channel 12 decreases and those of other channels increase. For a very large tau-c the transparency of VAS channels will become almost equal. In addition, the IR absorption emittance of cirrus and the brightness temperatures also have sensitivities to different cloud optical thicknesses. The general retrieval equation for the determinations of SST, which is suitable for the clear air model as well as for the cirrus cloud atmospheres (with our definition of cirrus), is obtained through a combination of channels 12, 8, 6 (4.5-mu-m), and 5 (13.3-mu-m). The retrieval error is < 1.0 K. The error analyses indicate that the clear air retrieval equations should not be used for SST determination in cirrus conditions.
摘要:
The complete miscible solid solution with a minimum freezing point (-50.75℃; 26.88% para-) of the ortho- and para-chlorotoluene has been proved in this paper by many methods as the thermal analysis method, the X-ray matter phase analysis, the fractional crystallized separation method and the solidified separation method of solid solution, and by the Fel'dman's experiential productivity formula compared with the theoretical productivity formula which was obtained from the solidified separation according to the solid solution phase diagram. Therefore, the international official conclusion of simple eutectic type phase diagram of ortho- and para-chlorotoluene mixture does not agree with the experimental facts.The powder diffraction files of ortho- and para-chlorotoluenes are given in this paper.
作者机构:
QUIQUIHAER LIGHT ENGN COLL,HEILUNGJIANG,PEOPLES R CHINA.;QUIQUIHAER TEACHERS COLL,HEILUNGJIANG,PEOPLES R CHINA.;MATH SCI RES INST,BERKELEY,CA.;[HWANG, FK] AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA.
通讯机构:
[HWANG, FK] A;AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA.
摘要:
The Euclidean Steiner minimal tree problem is known to be an NP-complete problem and current alogorithms cannot solve problems with more than 30 points. Thus decomposition theorems can be very helpful in extending the boundary of workable problems. There have been only two known decomposition theorems in the literature. This paper provides a 50% increase in the reservoir of decomposition theorems.
作者机构:
UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT PATHOL,EDMONTON T6G 2E1,ALBERTA,CANADA.;UNIV ALBERTA HOSP,SKIN BANK,EDMONTON T6G 2B7,ALBERTA,CANADA.;JIAMUSI MED COLL,LOW TEMP MED LAB,JIAMUSI,PEOPLES R CHINA.;null
摘要:
<正> In isothermal bomb calorimetry, there are several approximate formulae which, for cooling correction, are related with the percentage of relative temperature rise (PRTR) e, such as the formulae of Dickinson, Roth and Luo. Their common feature is letting e have a fixed value. Some of them have been used as standard methods for determining
作者机构:
SANIT SCH XIAN,DEPT ANAT,17 EASTERN FRIENDSHIP RD,XIAN,PEOPLES R CHINA.;ZHONGQING MED COLL,DEPT ANAT,ZHONGQING,PEOPLES R CHINA.;null
关键词:
Bony canal;Clival surface;Occipital bone
摘要:
Three cases of a bony canal have been found in 100 adult cranial bases on the lower half of the clival surface. The possible content, nature and significance of this canal are discussed and the term 'inferior median clival canal' assigned to this variety.
摘要:
<正> The results in research of the axial plane schistosity in the Yindonggou mining area of Zhushan of Hubei are given in this note, with emphasis on the texture manners of axial plane schistosity, the relation of the schistosity to major folds and the mechanism of their formation.
期刊:
SCIENTIA SINICA SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL ASTRONOMICAL & TECHNICAL SCIENCES,1985年28(08):785-800 ISSN:1006-9283
通讯作者:
ZHANG, GG
通讯机构:
[ZHANG, GG ] ;CHINESE ACAD SCI,INST MATH,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA.
摘要:
<正> This paper proves the following result: Let f(z) be a meromorphie function in the Z-plane with a non-zero finite deficient value, and A(θk) (k=1, 2,…, q, 0≤θ1<θ2<…<θq<θq+1=θ1+2π) be q rays. For any ε, 0<ε<π/2, the following holds Then, when μ<+∞, we have λ≤π/ω, where μ and λ denote lower order and order of f(z) respectively, with ω=.
摘要:
<正> Let S~1 be a circle, and let C~r(S~1, S~1) denote the set of C~r maps of S~1 into itself with the C~r topology, r≥0. Topological entropy is the function
期刊:
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,1979年73(4):467-468 ISSN:0035-9203
通讯作者:
WU, TP
作者机构:
CHINGHAI MED COLL,DEPT MED,SINING,PEOPLES R CHINA.;CHINGHAI MED COLL,DEPT ROENTGENOL & EPIDEMIOL,SINING,PEOPLES R CHINA.;CHINGHAI MED COLL,DEPT CLIN PARASITOL & INFECT DIS,SINING,PEOPLES R CHINA.;[WU, TP] CHINGHAI MED COLL,DEPT SURG MED,SINING,PEOPLES R CHINA.
通讯机构:
[WU, TP] C;CHINGHAI MED COLL,DEPT SURG MED,SINING,PEOPLES R CHINA.