作者机构：
[Mei, Q. S.; Chen, F.; Chen, Z. H.; Li, C. L.; Mei, X. M.; Wan, L.; Shao, H. H.; Zhang, G. D.] Wuhan Univ, Sch Power & Mech Engn, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Mei, Q. S.] Wuhan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Hydraul Machinery Transients, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Li, J. Y.] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Q.S. Mei] S;School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China
关键词：
Cu matrix composite;Al2O3 nanoparticles;Accumulative roll-bonding;Strengthening;Electrical conductivity
摘要：
Copper matrix nanocomposites reinforced by Al2O3 nanoparticles were fabricated by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) processed to ultrahigh rolling cycles. The effects of ARB cycles on the distribution of Al2O3 nanoparticles and properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. It was found that a higher ARB cycle was needed to obtain a uniform distribution of Al2O3 nanoparticles with a larger volume fraction. Significant strengthening, as well as a good combination of tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the Cu-Al2O3 nanocomposites can be obtained, through optimizing the uniform dispersion of Al2O3 nanoparticles by applying ultrahigh ARB cycles. The enhanced strength (maximum: 735 MPa) of the nanocomposites can be attributed to the maximized contribution of nanoparticles by various mechanisms through optimizing the uniform dispersion of them.
通讯机构：
[Junsheng Yang; Xide Li] S;School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430023, People's Republic of China
关键词：
porous alloys;Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu;porosity;passivation film
摘要：
Porous Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu alloys were prepared via reaction synthesis of mixed powders. Electrochemical performance test and weight-loss method were used to evaluate the effects of chromium content in the range of 10 similar to 30 wt% on the alloys corrosion performance in 30 wt% H3PO4 solution. The microstructure, element valence and phase composition of the porous Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu alloys were characterized via scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), respectively. And the results show that the alloys exhibited serviceable corrosion performance and the corrosion behavior was better than that of pure Ni and Cu. Incremental changes in the chromium contents within a certain range enhanced the corrosion resistance of the alloys. These alloys with 30 wt% chromium exhibited excellent anti-corrosion ability in the H3PO4 solution. The electrochemical test displayed that the double capacitive loops of the alloys in the H3PO4 solution increased with the chromium content; at chromium content of 30 wt%, the charge transfer resistance and activation energy were 1123 omega and 74.10 kJ mol(-1), respectively. The possible corrosion-inhibition mechanism was examined by XPS, which may be owing to the formation of MoO x (x = 1, 2, 3) and Cr2O3 passivation layers in the H3PO4 solution, which prevent further corrosion in acid environments.
摘要：
The mixed powders of TiH2, molybdenum, aluminum and graphite with molar ratios of 2/2/n/2.85 (n ranges from 1.0 to 1.4 mol with an interval of 0.1 mol) were used as raw material powders for this work, and a novel porous Mo2Ti2AlC3 was synthesized via reactive synthesis. Through systematic research on the pore structure parameters of porous Mo2Ti2AlC3 prepared with different aluminum content, the results show that there is a clear correlation between the aluminum content and the pore structure parameters. With the aluminum content rising from 1.0 to 1.2 mol, the viscous permeability coefficient and pore size decreased, while the porosity increased; When the aluminum content increased from 1.2 to 1.4 mol, the pore structure parameters of porous Mo2Ti2AlC3 displayed an opposite trend. The reasons for the evolution laws of these pore structure parameters were also discussed in depth. In addition, the pore structure forming mechanism of porous Mo2Ti2AlC3 ceramics during the activation reaction sintering process has been explored. This work can provide an important reference for the subsequent preparation of quaternary porous MAX phase ceramics.
摘要：
In the poultry evisceration, the inconsistent position of visible carcass and invisible viscera may be one of the most neglected problems, which increase the level of visceral damage by gripping manipulator. In order to detect the position of the chicken carcass and viscera, a computer vision-based automation system is developed to extract the region of interest from each chicken in the image acquisition system. The segmentation method of carcass is proposed by applying the color space transformation and the threshold segmentation. This method combines with several operations of morphology and reconstruction to remove the other regions such as wings and legs. After a midline abdominal incision of the chicken, the viscera is segmented using the active contour algorithm. Following data analysis, the change trend of relative position is presented between carcass and viscera. The average longitudinal deviation value of weighting 1,000-1,500 g and 1,500-2000 g chickens were 22.9 and 32.4 mm, separately. These results indicate that the relative position is significantly changed between carcass and viscera with chicken size in the longitudinal direction. In this study, machine vision technology can be satisfactorily applied to predict the position of chicken viscera, which can provide technical support for poultry processing. Practical applications For a long time, avian influenza virus and various pathogenic microorganism have been threatening the breeding and slaughtering of poultry, which can easily damage the health of people and cause widespread transmission of the virus. Therefore, automated evisceration technology by intelligent robot will become the development trend of the poultry slaughtering. However, due to the invisibility of the poultry viscera, it will easily cause damage of the internal organs during the manipulator evisceration. In this study, in order to avoid repetitive and boring work and manual operation errors, machine vision technology was introduced to automatically obtain the relative position between the visible carcass and the invisible viscera of individual chicken based on image segmentation algorithms. Thus, the position of the viscera can be predicted based on the data analysis and the carcass location, which provide useful information to guide the robot for evisceration, and it is also helpful to conduct further research in the slaughtering and processing of other poultry.
摘要：
In this study, we prepared new antioxidant active plastic bottle caps by incorporating butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and 2% (w/w) white masterbatch in high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry revealed that the antioxidants and HDPE were uniformly mixed with noncovalent bonding. In addition, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test revealed that the change in melting point and initial extrapolation temperature of the antioxidant active caps was not significant. Sensory evaluation and removal torque tests validated the suitability of the antioxidant active plastic bottle caps in industrial application. The antioxidant activity increased with a greater concentration of BHA and BHT incorporated in both antioxidant active caps (p < 0.05) and with more impact on the BHA cap compared to BHT cap in terms of antioxidant activity. Migration experiments for 10 days at 40 degrees C and 2 h at 70 degrees C showed that active antioxidants in the plastic bottle cap were more easily released into fatty foods and milk products that are highly sensitive to oxidation, and the migration of BHA and BHT did not exceed the maximum amount specified in (EC) No 1333/2008 (<200 mg/kg). As such, the antioxidant active plastic bottle caps inhibited oxidation, thereby ensuring higher food quality.
摘要：
In order to study the force-structure and oil out property of sunflower seed kernel under compressive loading during processing, the force-structure properties of sunflower seeds under different compression distance, compression speed, holding time and temperature were investigated by texture analyzer combined with in-situ optical microscopic observation for compression test on sunflower seeds. The sunflower kernel damage was analyzed with the FEM method. The results showed that the extrusion force of the sunflower seed kernel increased with increasing compression distance. Due to the weakest load-bearing capacity of sunflower seeds in the horizontal direction and the force interaction diffusion effect, cracks are produced at the seed edges. The number of cracks increased with the increase in extrusion force; surface damage is more severe. The compression speed had little effect on the seed peak extrusion force. Holding pressure can make sunflower seeds more fully squeezed, and the cracks are intensified, but the effect is no longer obvious after 240s. The peak extrusion force increases slowly in an "S" shape with the increase in temperature. At the same time, the cracks on the surface of sunflower seeds gradually increased. FEM simulation results match with the cracks generated with experiment test during compression, appear at the edges. Novelty impact statement A self-developed in-situ observation test rig and the FEM method were used to research the sunflower seed extrusion-structural damage evolution during extrusion-extraction. The research method can be used for better modeling and understanding the seed structural-mechanical and oil output property, leading to better oil extraction. The peak extrusion force increase showed an "S" shape under temperature effect; 90celcius is the most appropriate extrusion condition for oil extraction. 240 s pressure holding is a better choice for oil extraction for structural damage.
作者机构：
[Zhu, Junkai; Liu, Sheng; Zhang, Chen; Ji, Chaoyue] Wuhan Univ, Inst Technol Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Yuzheng] Wuhan Univ, Sch Elect Engn & Automat, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Fang, Rui] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Mei, Shuwen] Nantong Jinyuan Intelligence Mfg Technol Co Ltd, Nantong 226010, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yuzheng Guo] S;[Sheng Liu] T;School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China<&wdkj&>The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
关键词：
High entropy alloys;Stainless steel;Metal matrix composites;Laser powder bed fusion;Additive manufacturing
摘要：
In additive manufacturing of metal matrix composites, it is difficult to ensure high strength as well as high ductility simultaneously. In this study, a FeCoNiCr high-entropy alloy was used as the strengthening phase to improve the performance of austenitic stainless steel processed via laser powder bed fusion. The microstructure of the as-printed parts was composed of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles, a solid solution matrix, and high-density dislocations. The strengthening effect caused by the microstructures resulted in a tensile strength of 627 MPa with a maximum elongation of 50%. The semi-obstructive effect of the interface on the dislocations improved the ductility, as proved through molecular dynamics analysis. The Cr, Ni, and Co elements in the high-entropy alloy melted into the stainless-steel matrix, facilitating the formation of a passive film; this improved the corrosion resistance of the composite. Thus, simultaneous improvements in strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance of the stainless-steel composites were realized. The composites inherited the performance characteristics of high-entropy alloys. This research also provides a new strategy to select the strengthening phase for composite materials. Highperformance high-entropy alloy particles with lattice structures and element types similar to the stainless steel matrix have substantial potential to be used as strengthening phases. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
作者：
Fu, Dandan;Zhou, Jianfeng;Scaboo, Andrew M.;Niu, Xiaofan
期刊：
Journal of Food Process Engineering,2021年44(8):e13759- ISSN：0145-8876
通讯作者：
Jianfeng Zhou
作者机构：
[Fu, Dandan; Zhou, Jianfeng] Univ Missouri, Div Food Syst & Bioengn, 211 Ag Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.;[Fu, Dandan] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Mech Engn, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Niu, Xiaofan; Scaboo, Andrew M.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
通讯机构：
[Jianfeng Zhou] D;Division of Food Systems and Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
摘要：
Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most economically important crops in the world and is used widely for different purposes. Breeding programs have developed new varieties with desired traits, including altered fatty acid profiles and levitated protein content. The breeding process involves the selection of elite genotypes from a large number of experimental lines, which is time-consuming and costly. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a reflective hyperspectral imaging system in classifying the fatty acid content of single soybean seeds for high-throughput phenotyping high oleic soybean cultivars. A hyperspectral imager was used to take hyperspectral images of 100 soybean seeds of two varieties. After comparing the performance of different methods for data preprocessing, featured spectral patterns were extracted to predict oleic acid and linoleic acid content using a successive projection algorithm. Results showed that the spectral reflectance of soybean seeds was able to differentiate different cultivars. The spectral information of selected regions of interest from the hyperspectral images of single seeds could reflect the spectral information of whole seeds. It is found that the classification models based on raw spectra performed the best in estimating the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid. The classification accuracy of the calibration for oleic acid and linoleic acid was both 100%, and the classification accuracy of validation was 90 and 93.3%, respectively. The results indicate that the reflective hyperspectral imaging technology might be used as a rapid and nondestructive tool to quantify the oleic acid content and linoleic acid content of single soybean seeds for high-throughput phenotyping high oleic soybean. Practical Applications It is the interest of soybean breeders to develop high oleic soybean varieties that are in great demand. Studies indicate that the major factors affecting soybean oil content are oleic acid and linoleic acid. However, the nutritional values of soybean seeds, such as sugar, protein, oil, and fatty acids, are commonly measured using wet chemistry analysis, which is destructive, time-consuming, and expensive. Although NIR spectroscopy can improve efficiency and simplify the measurement procedure, it still requires a large number of seeds. In breeding programs, a single seed with known oleic content is needed for further seed development. Bulk-seed measurement using spectroscopy is not selective and would not determine the oleic profile of single seeds. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop a high-throughput and nondestructive method to quantify the nutritional values of individual seeds for precision breeding and improve the efficiency of breeding programs.
作者机构：
[Li, Dan; Luo, Chenghao; Huang, Long] China Tobacco Hubei Ind Co Ltd, Wuhan 430040, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Hao; Liu, Zhaohui; Zhang, Jian; Wang, Zean] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Power Engn, State Key Lab Coal Combust, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Zean] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Wuhan 430048, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Long] C;[Wang, Zean] H;[Wang, Zean] W;China Tobacco Hubei Ind Co Ltd, Wuhan 430040, Peoples R China.;Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Power Engn, State Key Lab Coal Combust, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
摘要：
"Heat-not-burn" tobacco with an external heating source is a cleaner alternative to conventional cigarettes due to its lower emission of nicotine, CO and tar in the smoke, and graphite is a promising carbon heating source for a "heat-not-burn" tobacco product yet is not easy to be fired. This work aims to improve the combustion properties of graphite using potassium catalysts. Thermal gravimetric analysis is performed to investigate the combustion properties, and a first-order kinetic model is applied to describe the combustion process. Scanning electron microscopy is used to observe the surface morphology, and the mineral and elemental composition are investigated by powder X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometry, respectively. The results indicate that the potassium additives can significantly decrease the ignition temperature of the graphite samples by 51-124 degrees C, and the promotion effects are closely related to the potassium and oxygen content of the additives. Further kinetic analysis implies that K and O can decrease the activation energy required for the oxidation reactions by 45.1% from 194.5 to 106.8 kJ mol(-1), thereby improving the graphite combustion. Moreover, potassium can play the role of "O-2 transfer", which can transfer atmospheric oxygen to support graphite combustion. K2CO3 is a suitable catalyst for graphite combustion, and the suggested addition amount is 0.88% in weight.
摘要：
Intelligent colorimetric indicator films were prepared to monitor freshness/spoilage of milk and fish by incorporating purple tomato anthocyanin (PTA) into chitosan (CS) matrix via solution casting method with PTA concentration (w/w, based on CS) of 10%, 30%, and 50%, respectively. The pH-response, UV absorption, Swelling Index, and the mechanical properties of CS/PTA films were determined. It was found that the color of the original CS/PTA films became darker with an improvement of PTA content and expressed well pH-sensitivity. With increasing of pH, the color of the CS/PTA films exposed to pH = 3-11 solutions became darker and the change in color of the CS/10% PTA film was the most discernable. The tensile strength and Young's modulus of the CS/PTA film was much lower than that of CS film, however, the elongation at breaking and Swelling Index were both improved by adding PTA. The intelligent films with 10% PTA changed their color during progressive spoilage of milk or fish, revealing their potential application for monitoring food freshness/spoilage. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
In the poultry slaughtering, accurate viscera positioning is essential to reduce the damage of internal organs. The introduction of machine vision technique can help to locate the viscera and can provide new direction for the poultry evisceration. After a midline abdominal incision of the poultry, the internal organs are taken out from the poultry that placed on the conveyor line by the parallel robot. Based on machine vision, the recognition accuracy of opened poultry viscera directly affects the level of visceral damage and residue caused by gripping manipulator. However, visceral positioning is often influenced by different noise in the abdominal cavity, such as mucous membranes and blood stains. Thus, the image segmentation of poultry viscera is a complex process, and it is challenging to remove the noise. In general, existing image segmentation methods can hardly segment visceral regions well. To strengthen the anti-noise ability, we proposed an improved region-based active contour method with the level-set formulation. This method combined with several operations of color space conversion and top-low-hat transformation, which could extract the viscera contour and precisely removed the noise. The results showed that recognition accuracy of the heart-liver area and fat area in the viscera are 98.98% and 99.75%, respectively, while the overall viscera for poultry was 98.96%. The results of this experiment suggested that the proposed image segmentation algorithm could achieve the required accuracy for poultry viscera detection. Thus, the proposed visceral contour recognition method could be applied in poultry processing, providing critical information to guide the robot for automated evisceration.
作者：
Chen, F.;Mei, Q. S.;Li, J. Y.;Li, C. L.;Wan, L.;...
期刊：
Composites Part B: Engineering,2021年216:108850 ISSN：1359-8368
通讯作者：
Mei, Q.S.(qsmei@whu.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Mei, Q. S.; Xu, T.; Chen, F.; Chen, Z. H.; Li, C. L.; Wang, Y. C.; Mei, X. M.; Wan, L.; Zhang, G. D.] Wuhan Univ, Sch Power & Mech Engn, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Mei, Q. S.] Wuhan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Hydraul Machinery Transients, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Li, J. Y.] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Q.S. Mei] S;School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430072, China
摘要：
In this study, a simple and eco-friendly method was proposed to efficiently prepare nanocomposite hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties and satisfactory pH response behaviour by frontal polymerization (FP) of DEM in close to 4 minutes. Acrylamide (AM) and choline chloride (ChCl) were used as raw materials to synthesize deep eutectic monomers (DEMs). Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes were dispersed in DEMs as fillers, and poly(acrylamide)/nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube (PAM/N-CNT) nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared by FP. The non-covalent interactions between PAM hydrogels and N-CNTs was verified by Fourier infrared spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of PAM/N-CNT nanocomposite hydrogels were investigated, as well as the swelling and pH response properties. The results showed that the compressive strength of PAM hydrogels was significantly enhanced by the addition of N-CNTs due to the hydrophobic interaction of N-CNTs, which also causes sensitive response properties of the PAM hydrogels in acid solution.
通讯机构：
[Li, D. Y.] U;Univ Alberta, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
关键词：
Coiled tubing steel;Electron work function;Wear;Hardness;Microstructure
摘要：
Coiled tubing (CT) steel is widely used in the oil and gas industry. It is worth noting that CT steels of different grades show similar microstructures but their mechanical and tribological properties can be quite different. The underlying mechanism is unclear, making it difficult to further tailor the CT steel with clear guidelines for specific applications. Using electron work function (EWF) as a probing parameter, we analyzed several typical CT steels having very similar microstructures but showing large differences in their hardness and wear resistance. The EWF analysis indicates that minor elements in the steels may play an important role in strengthening local atomic bonding, leading to considerable variations in properties of the CT steel. This study also shows that EWF is a promising indicator, providing supplementary information to help understanding material behavior and identify crucial factors for material design or tailoring, which the conventional techniques may not be able to achieve.
通讯机构：
[Liu Yang] C;College of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnical University, Wuhan 430048, Hubei, China
关键词：
Brown rice;Tribological behavior;Wear mechanism;Over-milling
摘要：
Food waste caused by processing is serious, brown rice over-milling has caused mass nutrients loss and waste. Brown rice milling process is mainly friction interaction between brown rice-roller. To better understand brown rice shearing friction behavior under working conditions, a developed friction tester combined with observation is used to obtain in-depth working principles under working conditions. Test results indicate that rice friction has four stages during shearing: initial sliding, surface bran layer friction, transition friction, core stable friction, it matches with brown rice structure. The main brown rice wear mechanism is plowing wear with fatigue, abrasive, adhesion and oxidation. Effects of rice condition, working load, speed, roughness are further discussed. It reveals friction interaction mechanisms for over-milling prevention.
