Intrauterine growth restriction alters nutrient metabolism in the intestine of porcine offspring
作者：
Li, Tiantian;Huang, Shimeng;Lei, Long;Tao, Shiyu;Xiong, Yi;...
期刊：
畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文) ,2021年12(1):649-660 ISSN：1674-9782
通讯作者：
Wang, Junjun
作者机构：
[Huang, Shimeng; Yang, Hongjian; Tao, Shiyu; Li, Tiantian; Hu, Jie; Wang, Junjun; Yuan, Xiongkun; Zuo, Bin; Wu, Guoyao] China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Anim Nutr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;[Xiong, Yi; Zhao, Shengjun; Lei, Long] Wuhan Polytechn Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Guoyao] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.;[Xiao, Yingping] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Managing Biot & Chem Threats Qual &, Inst Qual & Stand Agroprod, Hangzhou 310021, Peoples R China.;[Lin, Gang] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Agrifood Safety & Qual, Inst Qual Stand & Testing Technol Agr Prod, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Junjun] C;China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Anim Nutr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Absorption;Digestion;Fermentation;IUGR pigs;Portal vein
摘要：
Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has negative impacts on the postnatal survival, growth and development of humans and animals, with not only on newborns but also adulthood. However, the characteristics for nutrient digestion and absorption in IUGR offspring are still largely unknown. Therefore, the normal birth weight (NBW) and IUGR growing pigs were used in this study to investigate their differences in nutrient utilization, with an expectition for further nutritional optimization of the IUGR offspring during their later life. Methods: Twelve IUGR and 12 NBW growing pigs were fitted with catheters in their portal vein to measure blood flow rate as well as nutrients and metabolites in plasma. The digestibilities of nutrients in different intestinal segments, and bacterial fermentation in the large intestine were examined to reveal the characteristics of nutrients utilization in IUGR versus NBW pigs. Results: The rate of portal venous blood flow did not differ beween IUGR and NBW pigs. Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were much lower but those of urea were higher in the portal vein of IUGR pigs, compared with the NBW pigs. The ileal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy and starch were lower in IUGR pigs than in NBW pigs. IUGR increased hindgut microbial diversity and bacterial fermentation activity in the caecum. In vitro cross-fermentation of ileal digesta by caecal microbes of NBW and IUGR pigs showed that gas production was much higher for IUGR ileal digesta regardless of the source of caecal inocula. Conclusion: IUGR impairs the nutrient digestion and absorption in small intestine, reduces caecal microbial diversity and promotes bacterial fermentation in the large intestine during the growing phase. These findings aid in our understanding of nutrient metabolism in IUGR pigs and provide the basis for future nutritional interventions. © 2021, The Author(s).
语种：
英文
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饲粮可代谢生脂物质对生长猪生长性能和胴体品质的影响
作者：
杨俊;李强;张博;吕良康;冯志;...
期刊：
中国畜牧兽医 ,2021年48(01):154-160 ISSN：1671-7236
作者机构：
[李强; 张博; 冯志; 熊奕; 吕良康; 张慧; 杨俊] 武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室;动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心;[任莹; 赵胜军] 武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室<&wdkj&>动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心
关键词：
可代谢生脂物质;生长猪;生长性能;胴体品质
摘要：
本试验旨在探究可代谢生脂物质(MLS)对生长猪生长性能、胴体品质和肉质性状的影响。挑选体型相似、体重为28.15 kg±4.51 kg的18头健康杜×长×大三元杂交猪,随机分为3组,分别饲喂营养水平相同但MLS水平不同的饲粮,MLS水平分别为70.51(Ⅰ组)、68.09(Ⅱ组)和40.58 g/d(Ⅲ组),试验期28 d,测定生长猪生长性能、胴体品质和肉品质相关指标。结果表明:不同MLS水平对猪平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比影响均不显著(P>0.05);3组中Ⅱ组的料重比最低。3组间生长猪屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积等胴体指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3组中,Ⅲ组的熟肉率显著低于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而其他肉品质指标如亮度值、大理石评分、滴水损失等均无显著差异(P>0.05);屠宰后45 min及24 h肌肉pH变化差异很小(P>0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲喂3种不同MLS水平饲粮,生长猪生长性能、胴体品质和肉质性状大部分指标差异均不显著,但对于优化配方以及今后的生产具有指导意义。
语种：
中文
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A regression for estimating metabolizable glucose in diets of weaned piglets for optimal growth performance
作者：
Lv, Liangkang;Feng, Zhi;Zhang, Dandan;Lei, Long;Zhang, Hui;...
期刊：
Animal Bioscience ,2021年34(10):1643-1652 ISSN：2765-0189
通讯作者：
Zhao, S.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Hui; Zhao, Shengjun; Lei, Long; Liu, Zhengya; Feng, Zhi; Zhang, Dandan; Ren, Ying; Lv, Liangkang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, S.] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China
关键词：
Blood Vessels Cannulation;Feed Evaluation;Ileal Fistula;Metabolizable Glucose;Weaned Pigs
摘要：
Objective: Two experiments were conducted to provide a new approach for evaluating feed nutritional value by metabolizable glucose (MG) in piglet diets with different levels of starch and crude fiber. In Exp 1, a regression equation for MG was generated. In Exp 2, the equation was verified, and the optimal growth performance of piglets under appropriate MG levels was tested. Methods: In Exp 1, 20 weaned piglets (7.74±0.81 kg body weight [BW]) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments, including the basal diet containing different levels of MG (starch, 25.80%, 31.67%, 45.71%, 49.36%; crude fiber, 1.23%, 1.35%, 1.80%, 1.51%). The piglets were implanted with an ileal fistula, cannulation of the carotid artery, portal vein, and mesenteric artery. The chyme from the ileum fistula and blood samples were collected. In Exp 2, 30 weaned piglets (8.96±0.50 kg BW) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments, including the experimental diets with different levels of MG (37.6, 132.5, 300.0, 354.3, and 412.5 g/kg). The piglets’ BW, and feed consumption were recorded to calculate growth performance during the 28-d experiment. Results: In Exp 1, the MG levels in 4 diets were 239.62, 280.68, 400.79, and 454.35 g/kg. The regression equation for the MG levels and dietary nutrients was: Y (MG) = 12.13×X1 (starch)+23.18×X2 (crude fiber)-196.44 (R2 = 0.9989, p = 0.033). In Exp 2, treatments with 132.5 and 300.0 g/kg MG significantly (p<0.05) increased average daily gain and feed conversion efficiency of weaned piglets, increased digestibility of crude fat, and had no effect on digestibility of crude protein compared to 300.0 to 412.5 g/kg MG. Conclusion: The pig model combining the ileum fistula and cannulation of blood vessels was successfully used to determine the dietary MG levels. The recommended MG level in weaned pig diets is 132.5 to 300.0 g/kg. Copyright © 2021 by Animal Bioscience.
语种：
英文
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Comparative study of yeast selenium vs. sodium selenite on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity in weaned piglets challenged by Salmonella typhimurium
作者：
Lv, Liangkang;Zhang, Hui;Liu, Zhengya;Lei, Long;Feng, Zhi;...
期刊：
INNATE IMMUNITY ,2020年26(4):248-258 ISSN：1753-4259
通讯作者：
Zhao, Shengjun
作者机构：
[Zhang, Hui; Zhao, Shengjun; Lei, Long; Liu, Zhengya; Feng, Zhi; Zhang, Dandan; Ren, Ying; Lv, Liangkang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Shengjun] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Changqing Garden, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Shengjun] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Changqing Garden, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Salmonella typhimurium;T-lymphocyte subset;Yeast selenium;growth performance;inflammatory cytokines;nutrient digestibility;weaned piglets
摘要：
<jats:p> The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of selenium from different sources on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood immune indices of piglets orally challenged with Salmonella typhimurium (ST). In a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, 32 piglets (6.43 ± 0.54 kg of body mass) were assigned into four groups with or without dietary inclusion of sodium selenite (SS) or yeast selenium (YS) and with or without ST challenge (5 ml 1 × 10<jats:sup>9</jats:sup> cfu/ml ST or 5 ml saline) on d 13. In each period, YS increased average daily feed intake and average daily gain but did not reach statistical significance. During the challenged stage, piglets fed YS had higher digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, and YS reduced the amount of Escherichia coli in feces. Additionally, YS regulated the composition of T-lymphocyte subset and influenced the production of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, in this study selenium-enriched yeast was more effective in enhancing nutrient digestibility, and inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress by inducing the activity of the lymphocytes, expression of antioxidant enzymes and so on. </jats:p>
语种：
英文
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适宜代谢葡萄糖下日粮蛋白水平对仔猪生长性能及营养物质消化率的影响
作者：
郑自彬;姜宇翔;雷龙;吕良康;冯志;...
期刊：
中国畜牧杂志 ,2020年56(9):163-165 ISSN：0258-7033
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉 430023;动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,湖北武汉 430023;武汉轻工大学农副产品蛋白质饲料资源教育部工程研究中心,湖北武汉 430023;[雷龙; 李强; 冯志; 赵胜军; 吕良康; 任莹; 郑自彬; 张慧; 姜宇翔] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
代谢葡萄糖;低蛋白水平;生长性能;营养物质消化率;断奶仔猪
摘要：
本试验旨在研究适宜代谢葡萄糖(MG)水平下日粮不同蛋白水平对仔猪生长性能和营养物质消化率的影响.采用24头体况良好、体重(9.68±1.54)kg的30日龄杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪,完全随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组6个重复.4组日粮的MG水平均为30.75％,粗蛋白质(CP)水平分别为15.5％、17.0％、18.5％和20.0％,试验期为30 d.结果 表明:饲喂4组不同蛋白水平日粮的仔猪平均日增重和饲料转化效率在1～14 d和15～30 d及1～30 d均无显著差异,15.5％CP组的粗脂肪消化率显著低于17.0％CP组和18.5％CP组,但与20.0％CP组无显著差异;15.5％CP组的蛋白质消化率显著低于其余3组,但3组间无显著差异.由此可见,适宜MG水平能够显著缓解日粮CP水平相对较低时导致的仔猪生长性能降低,且饲喂17.0％CP水平日粮的仔猪生长性能和营养物质消化率更好.
语种：
中文
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酵母硒对感染沙门氏杆菌仔猪生长性能及粪便中大肠杆菌数量的影响
作者：
吕良康;熊奕;张慧;李强;刘正亚;...
期刊：
黑龙江畜牧兽医 ,2020年(04):44-47 ISSN：1004-7034
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉,430023;武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉430023;湖北省饲料工程技术研究中心,武汉430023;[张丹丹; 李强; 熊奕; 刘正亚; 赵胜军; 吕良康; 任莹; 张慧] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
亚硒酸钠;酵母硒;沙门氏杆菌;仔猪;生长性能
摘要：
为了研究日粮中添加一定量酵母硒对感染沙门氏杆菌仔猪生长性能的影响,试验采用2(酵母硒或无机硒)×2(感染或不感染沙门氏杆菌)因子试验设计,按照体重相近原则,将32头断奶仔猪分为4组,每组8头猪.Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组饲喂添加无机硒的日粮,Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组饲喂添加酵母硒的日粮,于试验第14天对Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组猪进行口腔灌服鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌,每天记录采食量,每周进行一次称重.试验期为30 d.结果 表明:试验第1～14天,Ⅲ组仔猪平均日采食量与I组相比增加了6.49％,平均日增重增加了约18.75％,料重比下降了15.42％.试验第15～ 30天,Ⅳ组仔猪平均日采食量比Ⅲ组增加了7.35％,平均日增重增加了12.82％,料重比下降了5.08％.Ⅱ组仔猪与I组相比,平均日采食量降低了0.95％,平均日增重降低了2.44％,料重比增长了2.40％.全阶段而言,Ⅳ组仔猪平均日采食量比Ⅲ组增加了2.83％,日增重相比增加了0.96％,Ⅳ组仔猪平均日采食量比Ⅱ组增加了13.00％,料重比降低了4.95％.同时在第22天,Ⅳ组仔猪粪便中的大肠杆菌明显低于Ⅱ组(P=0.01).说明在本试验条件下,日粮中添加酵母硒比无机硒对促进仔猪生长和降低粪中大肠杆菌的效果更好.
语种：
中文
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Effect of flaxseed oil on muscle protein loss and carbohydrate oxidation impairment in a pig model after lipopolysaccharide challenge.
作者：
Kang, Ping;Wang, Yang;Li, Xiangen;Wan, Zhicheng;Wang, Xiuying;...
期刊：
British Journal of Nutrition ,2020年123(8):859-869 ISSN：0007-1145
通讯作者：
Liu, Yulan
作者机构：
[Wang, Yang; Zhao, Shengjun; Liu, Yulan; Chen, Huifu; Kang, Ping; Wang, Chunwei; Li, Xiangen; Wan, Zhicheng; Wang, Xiuying; Zhu, Huiling] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Yulan] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Carbohydrate oxidation impairment;Flaxseed oil;Muscle atrophy;Protein kinase B/Forkhead box O signalling pathways;Toll-like receptor 4/nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain protein signalling pathway
摘要：
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Flaxseed oil is rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA), which is the metabolic precursor of EPA and DHA. The present study investigated the effect of flaxseed oil supplementation on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced muscle atrophy and carbohydrate oxidation impairment in a piglet model. Twenty-four weaned pigs were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment including dietary treatment (5 % maize oil<jats:italic>v</jats:italic>. 5 % flaxseed oil) and LPS challenge (saline<jats:italic>v</jats:italic>. LPS). On day 21 of treatment, the pigs were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg body weight LPS or sterile saline. At 4 h after injection, blood, gastrocnemius muscle and longissimus dorsi muscle were collected. Flaxseed oil supplementation increased ALA, EPA, total<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>-3 PUFA contents, protein:DNA ratio and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex quantity in muscles (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>< 0·05). In addition, flaxseed oil reduced mRNA expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain protein (NOD) 2 and their downstream signalling molecules in muscles and decreased plasma concentrations of TNF-<jats:italic>α</jats:italic>, IL-6 and IL-8, and mRNA expression of TNF-<jats:italic>α</jats:italic>, IL-1<jats:italic>β</jats:italic>and IL-6 (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>< 0·05). Moreover, flaxseed oil inclusion increased the ratios of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) 1:total Akt1 and phosphorylated Forkhead box O (FOXO) 1:total FOXO1 and reduced mRNA expression of FOXO1, muscle RING finger (MuRF) 1 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 in muscles (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>< 0·05). These results suggest that flaxseed oil might have a positive effect on alleviating muscle protein loss and carbohydrates oxidation impairment induced by LPS challenge through regulation of the TLR4/NOD and Akt/FOXO signalling pathways.</jats:p>
语种：
英文
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不同蛋白质水平日粮中添加稀土螯合物对母猪及其哺乳仔猪的影响
作者：
熊奕;张博;沈康;雷龙;孙华;...
期刊：
中国畜牧兽医 ,2020年47(9):2841-2848 ISSN：1671-7236
作者机构：
[雷龙; 熊奕; 张博; 赵胜军; 任莹] 武汉轻工大学;华中农业大学动物科技学院;[孙华] 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所;武汉轻工大学农副产品蛋白质饲料资源教育部工程研究中心;[沈康] 华中农业大学
关键词：
稀土壳糖胺螯合盐;围产母猪;繁殖性能
摘要：
本试验旨在研究不同粗蛋白质(CP)水平的玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加200 g/t稀土壳糖胺螯合盐(rare earth-chitosan chelate,RECC)对围产期母猪繁殖性能及其子代生长性能的影响.选择体况良好、胎次及预产期相近、怀孕90 d的妊娠母猪共60头,采用单因子随机区组设计分为3组,每组20头母猪,每个重复1头母猪,分别是对照组(日粮CP水平17.55％,不添加RECC)、试验Ⅰ组(日粮CP水平17.00％,RECC 200 g/t)和试验Ⅱ组(日粮CP水平16.00％,RECC 200 g/t).试验从母猪妊娠第90天开始,至仔猪21 d断奶时结束,测定母猪的产仔性能和后代哺乳仔猪的生长性能.结果 表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ 、Ⅱ组母猪产程显著缩短(P<0.05),但总产仔数和产活仔数没有显著差异(P>0.05);试验Ⅱ组母猪产后失重得到了显著改善(P<0.05),但断奶发情间隔无显著差异(P=0.30);试验Ⅰ 、Ⅱ组母猪哺乳期平均日采食量(ADFI)有增加趋势(P=0.08),哺乳仔猪的初生重、断奶均重及平均日增重均无显著差异(P>0.05),但腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05).综上所述,本试验条件下,日粮中CP水平为16.00％ 且添加200 g/t RECC时可提高母猪繁殖性能,缩短母猪产程,减少母猪失重,同时降低哺乳仔猪腹泻率,加快仔猪增重,对母猪生产繁殖水平的提升具有重大意义.
语种：
中文
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猪低蛋白质饲粮配制新技术体系构想
作者：
赵胜军;任莹
期刊：
动物营养学报 ,2020年32(10):4550-4554 ISSN：1006-267X
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉 430023;武汉轻工大学农副产品蛋白质饲料资源教育部工程研究中心,武汉 430023;武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430023;[赵胜军; 任莹] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
猪;低蛋白质饲粮;代谢葡萄糖;肝静脉;可利用氨基酸
摘要：
以净能和可消化氨基酸为基础的猪低蛋白质饲粮配制技术体系中,净能与体内葡萄糖的供应量没有直接关联,导致难以对体内葡萄糖供给量进行精准调控,回肠末端可消化氨基酸不能反映氨基酸在门静脉回流内脏组织和肝脏中的代谢,所以存在很大的局限性。以代谢葡萄糖和肝静脉可利用氨基酸为指标的猪低蛋白质饲粮配制新技术体系有望解决上述问题。
语种：
中文
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发酵白酒糟营养价值的评定及其对育肥猪生长性能的影响
作者：
张慧;魏来;刘正亚;伍璋健;王春维;...
期刊：
中国饲料 ,2019年(3):41-45 ISSN：1004-3314
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉,430023;武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430023;动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,湖北武汉430023;[魏来; 刘正亚; 赵胜军; 任莹; 伍璋健; 张慧; 王春维] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
白酒糟;固态发酵;发酵白酒糟饲料;育肥猪;生长性能
摘要：
本试验旨在评定发酵白酒糟营养价值及其对育肥猪生长性能的影响.利用胃蛋白酶-胰酶二步法体外消化测定发酵白酒糟的营养价值,再进行育肥猪的饲养试验.采用单因子试验设计,选取体重52.57 kg左右的育肥猪28头,随机分配到4个处理组:对照组、Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组.每组7个重复,每个重复1头育肥猪,试验期为27 d.后三组用6％的发酵白酒糟代替部分玉米、麸皮、豆粕等日粮原料.结果表明:发酵白酒糟在40℃恒温体外消化装置下持续消化6 h至消化完全,此时干物质消化率为42.12％,蛋白质消化率为64.29％,粗纤维消化率为20.86％.用6％的发酵白酒糟代替以纤维类为主的饲料原料可提高育肥猪生长性能,增加经济效益.本试验通过评定发酵白酒糟的实际应用效果,为白酒糟的开发和应用提供相应的理论依据和数据支持.
语种：
中文
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样本溶血对血浆中16种氨基酸测定准确性的探究
作者：
陈逢斌;任莹;赵胜军;张慧;熊奕;...
期刊：
湖北畜牧兽医 ,2019年40(02):5-7 ISSN：1007-273X
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉,430023;武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉 430023;动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430023;[雷龙; 熊奕; 吕良康; 赵胜军; 任莹; 陈逢斌; 张慧] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
血浆;溶血;氨基酸;准确性
摘要：
为探究样本溶血对国标酸解法测定血浆中16种氨基酸含量的影响,采集60份断奶仔猪颈动脉血液并分为3组,即普通溶血组、机械溶血组与对照组,普通溶血组为血液采集后溶血样本,机械溶血组为血液采集后经超声波处理溶血再离心样本,未溶血血浆为对照组.采用赛卡姆S433D全自动氨基酸分析仪检测血浆样本中天冬氨酸(Asp)、苏氨酸(Thr)、丝氨酸(Ser)、谷氨酸(Glu)、甘氨酸(Gly)、丙氨酸(Ala)、缬氨酸(Val)、蛋氨酸(Met)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、亮氨酸(Leu)、酪氨酸(Tyr)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、脯氨酸(Pro)、赖氨酸(Lys)、组氨酸(His)、精氨酸(Arg)的含量.结果表明,普通溶血组Asp、Ala、Val、Leu、His、Lys含量相较于其余两组显著升高(P<0.05),其余10种氨基酸含量相较于对照组偏高或偏低(P>0.05).说明血样溶血对其氨基酸含量存在较大影响,且受非血红蛋白因素影响较小,为了尽可能避免或减少溶血的发生,建议采血操作以及样品的运送、分离检测严格规范,以提高测定的准确性.
语种：
中文
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Lentinan modulates intestinal microbiota and enhances barrier integrity in a piglet model challenged with lipopolysaccharide.
作者：
Wang, Xiuying;Wang, Wenjun;Wang, Longmei;Yu, Cheng;Zhang, Guolong;...
期刊：
FOOD & FUNCTION ,2019年10(1):479-489 ISSN：2042-6496
通讯作者：
Liu, Yulan
作者机构：
[Zhang, Guolong; Zhao, Shengjun; Hu, Chien-An Andy; Liu, Yulan; Wang, Chunwei; Yu, Cheng; Wang, Longmei; Wang, Xiuying; Zhu, Huiling] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Cheng; Wang, Wenjun] South Cent Univ Nationalities, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Guolong] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.;[Hu, Chien-An Andy] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Yulan] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The intestinal microbiota plays a vital role in metabolism, pathogen resistance, and immune development in host cells, and is modifiable by dietary change. Lentinan (LNT), a type of mushroom polysaccharide, is known to ameliorate intestinal inflammation with the potential of therapeutic effect on digestive diseases. We hypothesized that LNT could alleviate Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal injury via regulating the composition and metabolites of intestinal microbiota in a piglet model. Twenty-four weaned piglets were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design, and the main factors included a dietary treatment (basal or LNT diet) and immunological challenge (LPS or saline). After feeding basal or LNT diet for 21 days, pigs were injected with LPS or saline. At 4 h post-injection, pigs were killed and jejunum, ileum and cecal digesta were collected. LNT improved intestinal morphology and barrier function. LNT also inhibited inflammatory signaling pathways (toll-like receptor 4 and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain protein) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6) expression, as well as up-regulated the heat shock protein 70 expression in small intestine. In addition, LNT enhanced the concentrations of propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate and isovalerate in cecal digesta, resulting in a significant increase in histone acetylation without affecting the protein level of G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41), a short chain fatty acid receptor. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing showed that LNT had a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels. Moreover, the correlation analysis revealed some potential relationships between cecal metabolites and certain intestinal microbiota. These results indicate that LNT promotes intestinal health, in part, through altering intestinal microbiota composition and increasing the short chain fatty acid synthesis, which subsequently lead to a reduction in inflammation and hyper-acetylation of histones. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
语种：
英文
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酸化剂在畜禽生产中的应用综述
作者：
亢涛;赵胜军
期刊：
湖北畜牧兽医 ,2019年40(04):13-16 ISSN：1007-273X
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉,430023;武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉 430023;动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430023;[亢涛; 赵胜军] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
酸化剂;饲料添加剂;畜禽
摘要：
饲料行业的蓬勃发展对饲料提出了高效、绿色、环保的要求,也就对饲料添加剂有了更高的要求,而酸化剂就是应运而出的新型绿色添加剂,目前在饲料养殖中广泛使用。就其分类、作用原理、实践效果及应用影响因素进行了综述。
语种：
中文
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熟化软颗粒教槽料对断奶仔猪生长性能及腹泻率的影响
作者：
陈浩;王铕;陈懿琳;万蒙;祝家东;...
期刊：
中国饲料 ,2019年(15):110-114 ISSN：1004-3314
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉市畜禽饲料工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430023;生猪健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心,湖北武汉430070;[万蒙; 祝家东; 陈浩; 况爱侠; 王铕; 赵胜军; 陈懿琳; 王春维] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
软颗粒教槽料;断奶仔猪;生长性能
摘要：
为研究熟化软颗粒教槽料对仔猪断奶前后生长性能及腹泻率的影响,试验选用8窝(共计84头)15日龄仔猪,随机分为对照组和试验组,分别饲喂同配方的粉状教槽料和软颗粒教槽料,每个组4个重复,每个重复1窝猪;试验分为两个阶段,分别为断奶前10d和断奶后5d,即15 ～ 25日龄和26～30日龄,仔猪在25日龄断奶.结果 表明:在15～25日龄阶段,试验组仔猪平均日增重(ADG)较对照组无明显差异,平均日采食量(ADH)增加了40.90％;在26 ～ 30日龄阶段,试验组ADG较对照组增加了12.21％,ADFI增加了34.41％;整个试验期,试验组ADFI较对照组增加了35.12％,ADG无明显差异,试验组的腹泻率也低于对照组;在仔猪断奶前后的3d,试验组的ADG和ADFI均高于对照组.综上,软颗粒教槽料在仔猪断奶后前期可有效地提高其采食量和日增重.
语种：
中文
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饲粮外源代谢葡萄糖水平对仔猪门静脉回流组织氨基酸利用的影响
作者：
冯志;吕良康;熊奕;李强;张慧;...
期刊：
中国畜牧杂志 ,2019年55(3):91-98 ISSN：0258-7033
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉,430023;武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430023;动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,湖北武汉430023;[雷龙; 李强; 冯志; 熊奕; 赵胜军; 吕良康; 任莹; 张慧] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
断奶仔猪;代谢葡萄糖;门静脉氨基酸净吸收量;小肠氨基酸消失量;门静脉排流组织氨基酸利用量
摘要：
本试验旨在研究饲粮外源代谢葡萄糖(MG)水平对断奶仔猪门静脉回流组织(PDV)氨基酸利用量的影响。选择20头健康状况良好、体重在7.74 kg左右的25日龄杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪,分为4个处理组,每组5个重复,给每头猪的门静脉、颈动脉和肠系膜静脉安装血管插管,并安装'T'型回肠瘘管。待仔猪术后恢复正常后,4组分别饲喂MG水平为22.82%、26.59%、36.37%、42.41%的等能、等氮的玉米-豆粕型饲粮,每种饲粮添加0.1%的二氧化钛(TiO2)作外源指示剂。术后3 d,从肠系膜静脉持续灌注对氨基马尿酸(PAH),并从门静脉和颈动脉采血,并且在回肠段收集食糜。结果表明:仔猪PDV氨基酸利用量随着MG水平增加呈先上升后下降的趋势;PDV对17种氨基酸的利用量均在饲粮MG水平为26.59%时达到最大值;必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、生糖氨基酸、支链氨基酸也在饲粮MG水平为26.59%时达到最大值(P<0.05)。可见,饲粮适宜MG水平能够显著增加小肠氨基酸消失量和门静脉氨基酸净吸收量,从而显著提高仔猪PDV对饲粮蛋白质的利用效率。
语种：
中文
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Fermented cassava bioethanol waste as substitute of protein in diet for growth performance and carcass evaluation on meat ducks.
作者：
Lei, Long;Feng, Zhi;Li, Qiang;Xue, Xiaoqiang;Zhang, Dandan;...
期刊：
Tropical Animal Health and Production ,2019年51(5):1049-1056 ISSN：0049-4747
通讯作者：
Zhao, Shengjun
作者机构：
[Li, Qiang; Zhao, Shengjun; Lei, Long; Liu, Zhengya; Liu, Yulan; Xue, Xiaoqiang; Feng, Zhi; Zhang, Dandan; Ren, Ying] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, 68 Xuefu South Rd, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Shengjun] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, 68 Xuefu South Rd, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Digestibility rate;Fermented cassava bioethanol waste;Growth performance;Meat duck;Meat quality
摘要：
The effect of dietary supplementation with fermented cassava bioethanol waste (FCBW) on the growth performance and meat quality was evaluated in 80 15-day-old male Cherry Valley meat ducks with an initial body weight (BW) of 250.67 +/- 7.50 g. The experiment has 5 replications and 4 treatments and 4 ducks per treatment. Four groups (groups I, II, III, IV) supplemented with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% FCBW substituted for part of maize, soybean meal, and bran in basal diet and were fed for 29 days; the metabolizable energy and content of lysine in the four groups were equal. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake among the four groups (P > 0.05). The digestibility rate of dry matter, ash, and phosphorus in group IV was significantly lower than that in group I by 5.23%, 6.25%, and 6.40% respectively (P < 0.05), but the digestibility rate of crude fat was significantly higher than that in group I by 8.30% (P < 0.05). No significant differences were presented among different levels of FCBW supplementation in carcass yield, eviscerated carcass yield, and semi-eviscerated carcass yield (P > 0.05), but 5% FCBW can improve the carcass yield relatively. In conclusion, with dietary supplementation of 5% FCBW, a better growth performance in meat ducks could be achieved.
语种：
英文
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体外法估测日粮和饲料原料外源代谢葡萄糖值
作者：
李强;吕良康;熊奕;张慧;方勇;...
期刊：
饲料工业 ,2019年40(13):39-43 ISSN：1001-991X
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,湖北武汉,430023;武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,湖北武汉430023;湖北省饲料工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430023;[方勇; 李强; 冯志; 熊奕; 赵胜军; 吕良康; 任莹; 张慧] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
体外法;回归方程;外源代谢葡萄糖;日粮;常用饲料原料
摘要：
试验旨在建立体外测定日粮和常用饲料原料中外源代谢葡萄糖（MG）含量的方法。试验采用单因子设计,以小肠消化时间为处理因素,分为1、2、4、6 h和8 h共5个处理。通过"胃蛋白酶-胰蛋白酶两段法"以四种不同日粮为底物进行体外模拟消化。将体外法测得的日粮淀粉降解率与体内法测得的日粮淀粉消化率进行相关性对照,确定两者相关系数最高的时间点,且将此设定为体外模拟消化的最佳时间。用此模拟消化时长,测定6种猪料原料外源MG水平。结果显示,体外法测定淀粉消化率,最佳的消化时长为6 h,此时与体内法测定的淀粉消化率建立的回归方程为:y=0.137 4x+84.834（R2=0.871 1）。最终得到体外法估测日粮外源MG的公式:外源MG=小肠淀粉量×（0.14×体外法测的小肠淀粉消化率+84.83）/0.9,并根据此方法测定出了几种常用饲料原料外源MG。
语种：
中文
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猪大肠切除术、回直肠吻合术及多位点动、静脉血管瘘管的安装
作者：
亢涛;吕良康;白宇;李强;雷龙;...
期刊：
黑龙江畜牧兽医 ,2019年(24):75-77,175 ISSN：1004-7034
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,武汉 430023;动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430023;中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京 100193;[王军军; 白宇] 中国农业大学;[雷龙; 李强; 刘正亚; 亢涛; 赵胜军; 吕良康; 任莹] 武汉轻工大学
关键词：
猪;大肠切除;回直肠吻合;动脉;静脉;血管瘘
摘要：
为了建立研究猪大肠对日粮营养物质消化吸收的试验模型,观察猪只在摘除大肠后机体代谢的变化,以研究大肠对机体营养代谢的贡献,试验采用一套切除猪大肠,回直肠吻合,并安装肠系膜、门静脉及股动脉三位点血管瘘管的方法建立模型。结果表明:成功安装肠系膜、门静脉及股动脉三位点血管瘘管,术后1周,试验猪体况恢复良好,采食量正常,各血管瘘管可确保在无应激状态下采集到血液样品。说明猪大肠切除术、回直肠吻合术及多位点动、静脉血管瘘管安装的手术成功,该模型猪可应用于猪大肠营养物质吸收的研究。
语种：
中文
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Pyruvate is an effective substitute for glutamate in regulating porcine nitrogen excretion
作者：
Li, Yunxia;Tang, Zhiru;Li, Tiejun;Chen, C.;Huang, Feiruo;...
期刊：
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE ,2018年96(9):3804-3814 ISSN：0021-8812
通讯作者：
Sun, Zhihong
作者机构：
[Li, Yunxia] Sichuan Agr Univ, Inst Anim Nutr, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[An, Rui; Sun, Jiajing; Zhen, Jifu; Wu, Zhaoliang; Li, Mao; Wu, Liuting; Sun, Zhihong; Li, Yunxia; Tang, Zhiru; Xu, Qingqing; Zhang, Xiangxin; Yang, Jing; Chen, Jinchao; Chen, C.] Southwest Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Lab Biofeed & Mol Nutr, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.;[Li, Tiejun; Yin, Yulong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Feiruo] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Shengjun] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Anim Sci & Nutr Engn, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Sun, Zhihong] S;Southwest Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Lab Biofeed & Mol Nutr, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.
关键词：
alanine;amino acid;glutamic acid;nitrogen;pyruvic acid;urea;animal;animal food;cell line;cytology;diet;dietary supplement;drug effect;energy metabolism;epithelium cell;intestine mucosa;male;metabolism;oxidation reduction reaction;physiology;pig;protein intake;protein restriction;veterinary medicine;Alanine;Amino Acids;Animal Feed;Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena;Animals;Cell Line;Diet;Diet, Protein-Restricted;Dietary Proteins;Dietary Supplements;Energy Metabolism;Epithelial Cells;Glutamic Acid;Intestinal Mucosa;Male;Nitrogen;Oxidation-Reduction;Pyruvic Acid;Swine;Urea
摘要：
This study was performed to determine if pyruvate, which acts as a critical intermediate in energy metabolism, can substitute the role of glutamate as a metabolic fuel and effectively reduce nitrogen excretion in pigs. First, the experiment in vitro was carried out to investigate the effects of culturing porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line with pyruvate on the oxidation. Then, barrows weighing 40 kg were used in the experiment investigating the changes of nitrogen balance in response to addition of pyruvate to low-protein diets. Last, barrows (40 kg), which were surgically fitted with permanent catheters in the mesenteric vein, portal vein, hepatic vein, and carotid artery, were used to investigate the effects of supplementing low-protein diets with calcium pyruvate on the net portal fluxes of amino acids (AAs) and the consumption of AAs in the liver. The results showed that culturing cells with sodium pyruvate significantly reduced the number of glutamate oxidation (P < 0.05). Addition of calcium pyruvate to low-protein diets significantly reduced urinary nitrogen excretion from 13.2 g/d (18.0% crude protein, CP) to 10.3 g/d (15.0% CP) or 7.80 g/d (13.5% CP) and total nitrogen excretion from 22.5 g/d (18.0% CP) to 17.8 g/d (15.0% CP) or 14.2 g/d (13.5% CP) (P < 0.05), without obviously negative effects on the nitrogen retention (P > 0.05). Addition of calcium pyruvate to low-protein diets significantly decreased essential AA consumption rate in the liver (P < 0.05). This diet modification reduced the net portal fluxes of NH3, glycine, and alanine, as well as urea production rate in the liver (P < 0.05). The results indicated that pyruvate is an effective substitute for glutamate as a supplement in low-protein diets, reducing porcine nitrogen excretion and nitrogen consumption. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved.
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Low-Protein Diets Decrease Porcine Nitrogen Excretion but with Restrictive Effects on Amino Acid Utilization
作者：
Wu, Liuting;Zhang, Xiangxin;Tang, Zhiru;Li, Yunxia;Li, Tiejun;...
期刊：
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY ,2018年66(31):8262-8271 ISSN：0021-8561
通讯作者：
Sun, Zhihong;Yin, Yulong;Jiang, Qingyan;Zhu, Weiyun
作者机构：
[An, Rui; Sun, Jiajing; Zhen, Jifu; Wu, Zhaoliang; Li, Mao; Wu, Liuting; Sun, Zhihong; Tang, Zhiru; Xu, Qingqing; Zhang, Xiangxin; Chen, Cheng; Yang, Jing; Chen, Jinchao] Southwest Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Lab Biofeed & Mol Nutr, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yunxia] Sichuan Agr Univ, Inst Anim Nutr, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Tiejun; Yin, Yulong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Feiruo] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Shengjun] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Anim Sci & Nutr Engn, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Sun, Zhihong] S;[Yin, Yulong] C;[Jiang, Qingyan] H;[Zhu, Weiyun] N;Southwest Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Lab Biofeed & Mol Nutr, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Ascorbic acid;Liver;Metabolism;Nitrogen;Proteins;Urea;Carotid artery;Crude proteins;Hepatic veins;Low protein diet;Nitrogen balance;Nitrogen excretion;Nitrogen retention;Urea production;Amino acids;amino acid;lysine;methionine;nitrogen;threonine;tryptophan;urea;animal;chemistry;diet;dietary supplement;feces;liver;male;metabolism;pig;protein restriction;urine;veterinary;viscera;Amino Acids;Animals;Diet;Diet, Protein-Restricted;Dietary Supplements;Feces;Liver;Lysine;Male;Methionine;Nitrogen;Sus scrofa;Threonine;Tryptophan;Urea;Viscera
摘要：
Reducing dietary crude protein (CP) intake effectively decreases nitrogen excretion in growing-finishing pigs but at the expense of poor growth when dietary CP content is reduced by ≥3%. In this study, we investigated the main disadvantages of low-protein diets supplemented with lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan in pigs. First, changes in the nitrogen balance in response to differences in dietary CP content (18%, 15%, and 13.5%) were investigated in barrows (40 kg). Then, barrows (40 kg) surgically fitted with catheters in the mesenteric vein, portal vein, hepatic vein, and carotid artery were used to investigate changes in amino acid (AA) metabolism in the portal-drained viscera and liver in response to differences in dietary CP content. The results showed that low-protein diets reduced fecal and urinary nitrogen excretion (P < 0.05) meanwhile resulted in significant decreases in nitrogen retention (P < 0.05). Moreover, a reduction in the dietary CP content from 18% to 13.5% resulted in decreases in the net portal fluxes of NH3, glycine, and alanine as well as in the urea production in the liver (P < 0.05), whereas their values as a percentage of nitrogen intake did not decline (P > 0.05). The net portal fluxes of nonessential AA (NEAA) were reduced in the low-protein diet groups (P < 0.05), while essential AA consumption in the liver increased (P < 0.05). Thus, low-protein diets result in reductions in both nitrogen excretion and retention, and NEAA deficiency may be a major disadvantage of low-protein diets. © 2018 American Chemical Society.
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