摘要：
BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety disorders are prevalent psychiatric conditions, and currently utilized chemical drugs typically come with significant adverse effects. China boasts a wealth of medicinal and food herbs known for their safe and effective properties. PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop novel formulations with improved antidepressant and anxiolytic effects derived from medicinal and food herbs. STUDY DESIGN: Screening combinations with antidepressant and anxiolytic effects using techniques such as network pharmacology and validating their effects in vitro and in vivo experiments. METHODS: Utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking, we identified the top ten medicinal herbs with anxiolytic and antidepressant potential. Herbs with cytoprotective effects and non-toxic characteristics were further screened to formulate the herbal blends. Subsequently, we established a PC12 cell injury model and a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model in mice to assess the effects of our formulations. RESULTS: Ten medicinal herbs were initially screened, and six of them were deemed suitable for formulating the blend, namely Gancao, Dazao, Gouqizi, Sangye, Huangqi, and Jinyinhua (GDGSHJ). The GDGSHJ formulation reduced Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, decreased apoptosis, and demonstrated a favorable antidepressant and antianxiety effect in the CUMS mouse model. Besides, GDGSHJ led to the upregulation of serum 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) content and brain tissue 5-HT, Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and Dopamine (DA) levels. It also downregulated the expression of SLC6A4 and SLC6A3 genes in the mouse hippocampus while upregulating HTR1A, DRD1, DRD2, and GABRA1 genes. CONCLUSION: Our formulation exhibited robust antidepressant and antianxiety effects without inducing substantial toxicity. This efficacy appears to be mediated by the expression of relevant genes within the hippocampus of mice. The formulation achieved this effect by balancing 5-HT levels in the serum and DA, GABA, and 5-HT levels within brain tissue.
摘要：
The 1092 bp F3H gene from Trapa bispinosa Roxb., which was named TbF3H, was cloned and it encodes 363 amino acids. Bioinformatic and phylogenetic tree analyses revealed the high homology of TbF3H with flavanone 3-hydroxylase from other plants. A functional analysis showed that TbF3H of Trapa bispinosa Roxb. encoded a functional flavanone 3-hydroxylase; it catalyzed the formation of dihydrokaempferol (DHK) from naringenin in S. cerevisiae. The promoter strengths were compared by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry detection of the fluorescence intensity of the reporter genes initiated by each constitutive promoter (FITC), and DHK production reached 216.7 mg/L by the promoter adjustment strategy and the optimization of fermentation conditions. The results presented in this study will contribute to elucidating DHK biosynthesis in Trapa bispinosa Roxb.
摘要：
豆甾醇是来源于食物中的一种植物不饱和甾醇,在胃癌防治中展现出良好的应用前景。基于网络药理学探讨豆甾醇抗胃癌的作用靶点及分子机制。借助PharmMapper数据库得到药物相关靶点,通过疾病数据库Genecard和OMIM(...展开更多 豆甾醇是来源于食物中的一种植物不饱和甾醇,在胃癌防治中展现出良好的应用前景。基于网络药理学探讨豆甾醇抗胃癌的作用靶点及分子机制。借助PharmMapper数据库得到药物相关靶点,通过疾病数据库Genecard和OMIM(Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man)获得胃癌相关靶点;对潜在标靶进行GO(Gene Ontology)、KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)富集分析得到相关作用通路;随后,利用STRING数据库分析治疗靶点之间蛋白的相互作用,借助Cytoscape3.8.0中CytoHubba插件构建蛋白质相互作用网络以获得Hub基因,预测豆甾醇抗胃癌的作用靶点及机制。借助数据库得到豆甾醇潜在胃癌治疗靶点19个,涉及77个生物过程与10条信号通路;通过蛋白互作网络取排名前5的Hub基因,分别为TERT、MET、SRC、MDM2、HIF1A。结果显示,网络药理学可以准确预测豆甾醇抗胃癌的作用靶点并揭示其分子机制与PI3K(Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases)/AKT(蛋白激酶B)和RAS(Rat Sarcoma)通路上TERT、MET、SRC、MDM2、HIF1A这些关键基因的表达有关。收起
通讯机构：
[Wang, H.-X.] C;College of Life Science and Technology, China
关键词：
polyunsaturated fatty acids;qPCR;spatial learning and memory;western blot
摘要：
Study on the effects and mechanisms of different oils on spatial learning and memory in developing rats. Fifty-six Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with primary weaning were randomly divided into the 7 groups, DHA, walnut oil, perilla oil, safflower seed oil, ??-linoleic acid, and Essential fatty acid (EFA)-deficient and negative control. Morris water maze behavioral test was performed after 8 weeks of continuous feeding. Real-time fluorescence quantification and immunoblotting were performed to evaluate changes in the expression of NR1, CREB and c-Fos in rat hippocampus, qPCR detected the expression in hippocampal cells. The results showed that the rats fed various oils significant improvement in the Morris water maze test. The mRNA expression of NR1, CREB and c-Fos in the hippocampus of rats fed with various oils were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05 and P<0.01), and CREB and c-Fos proteins expression were up-regulated (P<0.05). The expression of genes and proteins in hippocampus of EFA-deficient control was not significantly different from negative control. It is suggested that polyunsaturated fatty acids could significantly improve the learning and memory ability of rats, which may be through regulating the mRNA expression of cfos, CREB and NR1 in rat hippocampus and the synthesis of CREB and c-Fos proteins. Practical Application: DHA, perilla oil, walnut oil, safflower oil and ??-linoleic acid were used to feed the developing rats. Morris water maze experiment was used to investigate the effects of various oils on learning and memory in rats. RT-PCR and western-bolt was used to detected expression of CREB and c-Fos genen and proteins.The explore of mechanism of PUFAs to improve learning and memory in rats from the molecular level, its providing a direction for further research on the mechanism of PUFAs to improve learning and memory.
作者机构：
[殷东杰; 薛梦恒; 杨过; 黄永康] School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;Hubei Engineering Research Center for Fresh Food, Wuhan, 430023, China;[易阳] School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Engineering Research Center for Fresh Food, Wuhan, 430023, China;[王宏勋; 王丽梅] School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Engineering Research Center for Fresh Food, Wuhan, 430023, China
摘要：
<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Gastric cancer (GC) is ranked as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. 1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloyl-β-D-glucose (β-PGG) has various pharmacological activities and has been shown to suppress cancer development. However, the mechanism by which β-PGG inhibits gastric cancer has not been elucidated.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>This study explored the potential targets and mechanism of β-PGG in GC using the network pharmacology approach combined with <jats:italic>in-vitro</jats:italic> experiments.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>The PharmMapper software was used to predict the potential targets of β-PGG, and GC-related genes were identified on the GeneCards database. PPI analysis of common genes was performed using the STRING database. The potential regulatory mechanism of β-PGG in GC was explored through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. The binding ability of key genes and target proteins was verified by molecular docking. The effects of β-PGG on genes and proteins were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis assay, real-time fluorescence quantification polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and Western blotting.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Eight hub genes involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis were identified. Cancer-related signaling pathways were identified using the Cytoscape tool. Some of those genes were significantly enriched in the p53 signaling pathway. The CCK-8 assay showed that β-PGG inhibited the proliferation of GC cells. Cell cycle and apoptosis experiments revealed that β-PGG induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that β-PGG inhibited β-PGG cells by modulating the p53 signaling pathway.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, the targets and mechanism of β-PGG in gastric cancer were explored. The results indicate that β-PGG can be used to develop treatments for GC.</jats:p></jats:sec>
摘要：
<jats:p><jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> Roxb. is a traditional Chinese food which is well known for its medicinal properties. The shell of <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> has anticancer activity, maybe due to its high content of polyphenols. There are few studies on the chemical composition of <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> shells, then we isolated the active components from <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> shell and clarified the mechanism of its anticancer activity. One monomer compound was separated from the ethanol extract of the <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> shell by fractional extraction, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography and liquid phase separation. The structure, identified by NMR was 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose. The results of the CCK-8 assay showed that 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose could significantly inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer SGC7901 cells, and the effect was close to that of 5-fluorouracil. Here, 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose could affect the cell cycle of SGC7901 cells. At the dose of 200 μg/mL and an incubation time of 48 h, SGC7901 cells remained in the G1 phase, apoptosis occurred, the intracellular calcium ion concentration increased and the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the P53 signalling pathway associated with apoptosis. The results of qPCR and Western blot showed that 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose could induce apoptosis of SGC7901 cells by up-regulating the expression levels of <jats:italic>P21</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PUMA</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PERP</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IGF-BP3</jats:italic> genes, down-regulating the <jats:italic>CyclinD</jats:italic> gene, increasing the expression levels of cytochrome C, caspase-3, caspase-9 protein and decreasing that of the protein BCL-2.</jats:p>
摘要：
<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> Roxb. is grown worldwide as an important aquatic cash crop. Current research on <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> primarily focuses on the separation and identification of active ingredients, as well as the inhibitory effect on tumors; however, research on the molecular mechanism of secondary metabolite accumulation is rather limited. Consequently, an integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome is required to identify the key metabolic pathways, and key genes, and to explain the molecular mechanism of <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic>.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The biosynthesis pathways of phenolics in <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> were examined through transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Transcriptome analysis yielded 42.76 million clean reads representing 81,417 unigenes with an average length of 1,752 bp. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that 1,623 unigenes, including 88 candidate unigenes related to phenolics biosynthesis, were up-regulated in <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> shell (FR) when compared to leaves (LF), root (RT), and stem (ST). The FR vs. LF group had the highest number of specific genes involved in phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, flavone, and flavonol biosynthesis pathways compared to all other comparison groups. In addition, RNA sequencing revealed 18,709 SSRs spanning 14,820 unigenes and 4,387 unigenes encoding transcription factors. Metabolome analysis identified 793 metabolites, including 136 flavonoids and 31 phenylpropane compounds. In the FR group compared to the LF group, there were 202 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). The combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses indicated a significant correlation between 1,050 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 62 DAMs. This view proposes a schematic of flavonoid biosynthesis in the FR vs. LF group, providing evidence for the differences in genes and metabolites between FR and LF.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>In this study, through <jats:italic>de novo</jats:italic> transcriptome assembly and metabolome analysis, several DEGs and DAMs were identified, which were subsequently used to build flavonoid biosynthesis pathways and a correlation network. The findings pave the way for future research into the molecular mechanisms and functional characterization of <jats:italic>Trapa bispinosa</jats:italic> candidate genes for phenolics biosynthesis.</jats:p></jats:sec>
摘要：
Lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera G.) is a high economic value crop in the world. In this study, the storage characteristics (color, sensory, texture, and fatty acids) of lotus root ("Elian No.5") were evaluated at different harvest periods (September 2018, October 2018, November 2018, December 2018, and January 2019). Moreover, the storage characteristics were evaluated after the shortterm and long-term storage of lotus root at 4 degrees C and 20 degrees C. The hardness of lotus root significantly decreased at both temperatures (4 degrees C and 20 degrees C) during the first 3 days of storage. In contrast, the decrease in hardness delayed at 4 degrees C (beyond 3 days of storage). Further, genes related to hardness at different storage temperatures were identified using the RNA-seq and qRT-PCR. The results of this study provide a reference for lotus root storage and a basis for the molecular breeding of longterm-storable lotus root.
摘要：
This study used response surface methodology to determine the optimal conditions for extraction of polysaccharides from Pyracantha. fortuneana (PSPF), and studied the mechanism of PSPF-inducing apoptosis in human ovarian carcinoma Skov3 cells. Response surface methodology (RSM) were adopted to extract PSPF. The maximum value of polysaccharide yield was obtained under these optimal conditions. PSPF had good potential as an antioxidant. Exposure of cells to PSPF resulted in cytotoxicity through the induction of apoptosis, and the reactive oxygen species were increased, mitochondrial membrane potential decreased, DNA damage (detected as gamma- H2AX and RAD51 foci) was observed in Skov3 cells. In addition, PSPF could induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Therefore, PSPF should be explored as novel potential antioxidants and an anti-tumor drug in a clinical setting.
摘要：
The preparation mainly composed of extraction, pre-purification and dehydration is essential for the research and development of natural polysaccharides. The methods or conditions used in the three procedures had significant effects on the composition, structure and function of the polysaccharides obtained. Temperature, pH, enzyme, ultrasound and microwave were the important factors associated with their physicochemical changes. Molecular degradation and intermolecular interaction were two of the main mechanisms responsible for the changes. The degradations of polysaccharides responding to hydrothermal and ultrasonic conditions could be partly descripted by multiple linear regression model, implying the possibility for the prediction and control of polysaccharide degradation. Moreover, the interactions between polysaccharide and other compounds, forming complexes natively or conditionally, could be selectively triggered or eliminated to obtain polysaccharides under certain functions. This work shows new insights into the preparation of polysaccharides, which could benefit the efficient utilization of their natural and modified properties.
作者机构：
[王俊南; 胡晓潇; Shan T.-T.] College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;Hubei Engineering Research Center for Fresh Food, Wuhan, 430023, China;[易阳] College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Engineering Research Center for Fresh Food, Wuhan, 430023, China;[王宏勋; 王丽梅] College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Engineering Research Center for Fresh Food, Wuhan, 430023, China
作者机构：
[岳琪琪; 刘文; 孔萍] College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;Fresh Food Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430023, China;College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;[侯温甫] College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China<&wdkj&>Fresh Food Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430023, China;[王丽梅; 王宏勋] Fresh Food Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430023, China<&wdkj&>College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
通讯机构：
College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) is a wetland vegetable famous for its nutritional and medicinal value. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites that play important roles in the browning of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, and chemical constituents are extracted from lotus for medicine due to their high antioxidant activity. Studies have explored in depth the changes in phenolic compounds during browning, while little is known about their synthesis during the formation of lotus rhizome. In this study, transcriptomic analyses of six samples were performed during lotus rhizome formation using a high-throughput tag sequencing technique. About 23 million high-quality reads were generated, and 92.14% of the data was mapped to the reference genome. The samples were divided into two stages, and we identified 23,475 genes in total, 689 of which were involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. A complex genetic crosstalk-regulated network involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds was found during the development of lotus rhizome, and 25 genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, 18 genes in the pentose phosphate pathway, and 30 genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were highly expressed. The expression patterns of key enzymes assigned to the synthesis of phenolic compounds were analyzed. Moreover, several differentially expressed genes required for phenolic compound biosynthesis detected by comparative transcriptomic analysis were verified through qRT-PCR. This work lays a foundation for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of phenolic compound biosynthesis during rhizome formation.
