关键词：
Image deblurring;self-attention mechanism;lightweight model;hinge loss function
摘要：
The acquisition of clear images is a critical aspect in various fields including computer vision, aerial detection, and medical imaging. The issue of image blur caused by object motion poses a challenge in obtaining clear images. To address this, an improved AT-DGAN network model is proposed in this paper. This model integrates the pyramid generator module of the DeblurGAN-v2 network with a self-attention mechanism. The feature pyramid is employed for image feature extraction and representation, while the self-attention mechanism dynamically adjusts the weight of important features in each pyramid layer and performs weighted fusion, thereby compensating for the information loss during feature extraction in the feature pyramid network. Additionally, a hinge loss function is designed for the proposed model to balance the discriminator and the generator, enhancing the stability and training efficiency of the generative adversarial network. The experimental results show that compared to other algorithms of the same type, this improved algorithm has increased the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) of restored images by 0.58 dB and 1.5%, respectively.
期刊：
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2025年679(Pt B):569-577 ISSN：0021-9797
通讯作者：
Ren, Xiaohui;Ni, Hongwei
作者机构：
[Cao, Wenzhe; Zou, Haoran; Jiang, Xingxin; Zhang, Hua; Zhang, Tian] The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steel Making, Faculty of Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China;[Ren, Xiaohui] The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steel Making, Faculty of Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China. Electronic address: xhren@wust.edu.cn;[Ma, Feng; Chen, Rongsheng] School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China;[Qiao, Hui] Hunan Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, and School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China;[Zhang, Ye] Lab of Optoelectronic Technology for Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
通讯机构：
[Ren, Xiaohui; Ni, Hongwei] T;The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steel Making, Faculty of Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
The exploration of multiphases and 0D/2D heterojunction in transition metal phosphides (TMPs) and transition metal sulfides (TMDs) is of major interest for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a novel combination route where 0D mixed-phased 1T/2H molybdenum sulfide quantum dots (MoS 2 QDs) are uniformly anchored on the 2D CoP x nanosheets is developed. MoS 2 QDs and CoP x were prepared via hydrothermal method and mixed with different ratios (Mo:Co ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2) and annealed under different temperatures to modulate their application in acidic HER processes. Specifically, 2Mo/1Co exhibited advanced performance for HER in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution and required 14 mV to deliver 10 mA cm −2 and revealed a descended Tafel slope of 75.42 mV dec −1 with 240 h stability except obvious deactivation. The successful design and construction of 0D/2D mixed-dimensional materials would broaden the application of MoS 2 and CoP x for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
The exploration of multiphases and 0D/2D heterojunction in transition metal phosphides (TMPs) and transition metal sulfides (TMDs) is of major interest for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a novel combination route where 0D mixed-phased 1T/2H molybdenum sulfide quantum dots (MoS 2 QDs) are uniformly anchored on the 2D CoP x nanosheets is developed. MoS 2 QDs and CoP x were prepared via hydrothermal method and mixed with different ratios (Mo:Co ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2) and annealed under different temperatures to modulate their application in acidic HER processes. Specifically, 2Mo/1Co exhibited advanced performance for HER in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution and required 14 mV to deliver 10 mA cm −2 and revealed a descended Tafel slope of 75.42 mV dec −1 with 240 h stability except obvious deactivation. The successful design and construction of 0D/2D mixed-dimensional materials would broaden the application of MoS 2 and CoP x for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
摘要：
Elemental diffusion and reactions at interfaces significantly increase resistivity and reduce stability, particularly in thermoelectric (TE) systems containing highly diffusive elements like Te. Using thermodynamically stable phases as contact layers have eliminated interfacial reactions but have not been able to completely stop elemental diffusion. This work introduces an innovative approach to effectively increase the activation energy of cross-interface atom diffusion by creating a continuously interfacial symmetric strain field via a high density of interfacial edge dislocations. Specifically, a dense interfacial strain barrier layer is constructed using Ni 0.5 Te as contact layer, resulting in an atomically continuous Te 0.985 Sb 0.015 /Ni 0.5 Te interface. This design achieves a notable reduction in contact resistivity to 9 μΩ cm 2 while maintaining more than 75 % of the theoretical device efficiency at a hot-end temperature, ( T h ) of 523 K even after 21,600 min of aging. This method of optimizing both the interfacial microstructure and chemical composition provides a new avenue for constructing stably high-performance heterostructure devices.
Elemental diffusion and reactions at interfaces significantly increase resistivity and reduce stability, particularly in thermoelectric (TE) systems containing highly diffusive elements like Te. Using thermodynamically stable phases as contact layers have eliminated interfacial reactions but have not been able to completely stop elemental diffusion. This work introduces an innovative approach to effectively increase the activation energy of cross-interface atom diffusion by creating a continuously interfacial symmetric strain field via a high density of interfacial edge dislocations. Specifically, a dense interfacial strain barrier layer is constructed using Ni 0.5 Te as contact layer, resulting in an atomically continuous Te 0.985 Sb 0.015 /Ni 0.5 Te interface. This design achieves a notable reduction in contact resistivity to 9 μΩ cm 2 while maintaining more than 75 % of the theoretical device efficiency at a hot-end temperature, ( T h ) of 523 K even after 21,600 min of aging. This method of optimizing both the interfacial microstructure and chemical composition provides a new avenue for constructing stably high-performance heterostructure devices.
摘要：
The monolayer Janus FeClS, whose mirror inversion symmetry is broken due to its different non-metallic atomic compositions, exhibits spontaneous polarity and obvious spin polarization and has unique half-metal properties different from the corresponding pure monolayer FeCl 2 and FeS 2 , that is, the spin-up band appears as a semiconductor and the spin-down band appears as a metal. As the most common and effective means of structure and performance regulation, biaxial strain is applied to monolayer FeClS for study. Importantly, the strain-induced crystal structure changes cause different inter-hybridization of Fe-3 d electron orbitals in Janus FeClS, which leads to changes in electronic structures. In particular, the half-metal properties, dipole moments, and magnetic axis orientation of monolayer Janus FeClS remain basically unchanged under a certain degree of tensile and compressive strain, and the critical strain degree is basically the same when these properties are changed, indicating that Janus FeClS has a robust electronic structure and polarity. In addition, the magnetic moment and the absorption of visible light in monolayer FeClS are also regulated by biaxial strain. Therefore, this study expands the prospect and direction for the effective use and regulation of the excellent spin polarization characteristics of polar two-dimensional materials.
关键词：
2D;first-principles calculations;quantum anomalous Hall effect;spin-orbit coupling
摘要：
The pursuit of ferromagnetic semiconductors capable of realizing the quantum anomalous hall effect (QAHE) at room temperature holds significant importance for the development and application of spintronic devices. However, current experimental realizations of QAHE in 2D materials are often limited by extremely low TC and minute nontrivial bandgaps. Herein, based on first-principles calculations, a stable QAHE system that can exist at room temperature is successfully achieved by adsorbing N and O atoms on opposite sides of arsenene. According to the computational results, this novel 2D O & horbar;As & horbar;N system exhibits ferromagnetic semiconducting behavior with a TC of 350 K and a bandgap of approximate to 131 meV. Further calculations and analysis of the system's gapless chiral edge states, Chern number (C = 1), and quantized quantum Hall conductivity confirm the topological nontriviality of the bandgap. This work sheds light on the physical mechanisms for developing spintronic devices utilizing room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors and realizing lossless devices through the application of room-temperature QAHE.
作者机构：
[Xu, Jin-long; Ai, Mei; Xu, JL; Zhu, Ming; Wang, Jie; Yu, Nai-ping; Zhang, Chuan-peng; Zhu, M; Liu, Xiao-lan; Jiang, Peng; Jing, Yingjie] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Jin-long; Ai, Mei; Xu, JL; Zhu, Ming; Yu, Nai-ping; Zhang, Chuan-peng; Zhu, M; Liu, Xiao-lan; Jiang, Peng] Guizhou Univ, Guizhou Radio Astron Observ, Guiyang 550000, Peoples R China.;[Jiao, Qian] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Yao] Qiannan Normal Univ Nationalities, Sch Phys & Elect, Longshan Rd, Tuyun 558000, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Yao] Qiannan Key Lab Radio Astron, Duyun 558000, Guizhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhu, M; Xu, JL ] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China.;Guizhou Univ, Guizhou Radio Astron Observ, Guiyang 550000, Peoples R China.
摘要：
We present high-sensitivity and large-scale atomic hydrogen (H i) observations toward lenticular (S0) galaxy NGC 4111 using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope. The column-density map shows that NGC 4111 and seven other different types of galaxies share a huge H i gas complex. The data also suggest that NGC 4111 is interacting with seven galaxies. Moreover, we identified a rotating gas disk associated with NGC 4111 from the H i complex. Still, the H i disk rotation direction has deviated from its stellar disk by about 34 .degrees 2, indicating that the NGC 4111 galaxy is undergoing a transition from a spiral galaxy to an S0 galaxy by the tidal interactions. The obtained dark matter to stellar mass ratio of NGC 4111 is 3.1 +/- 0.7, which is lower than the average value of the local Universe, implying that the interactions may strip its dark matter. Our results suggest that in a galaxy group environment, tidal interactions have a significant effect on galaxy features.
摘要：
In order to plan suitable navigation operation paths for the characteristics of rice fields in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the operational requirements of straw rotary burying, this paper proposes a combination of the Hough matrix and RANSAC algorithms to extract the starting routes of straw boundaries; the algorithm adopts the Hough matrix to extract the characteristic points of the straw boundaries and remove the redundancies, and then reduces the influence of noise points caused by different straw shapes using the RANSAC algorithm to improve the accuracy of the starting route extraction. The algorithm extracts the starting routes of straw boundaries and the characteristic points of the straw boundaries and removes the redundancies, so as to improve the accuracy of the starting route extraction. The extraction test shows that under different scenes, the recognition accuracy of the path extraction method combining the Hough matrix and RANSAC algorithm is above 90%, and the algorithm takes no more than 0.51 s. Finally, the road test shows that the method meets the characteristics of tractor operation with a large turning radius and without reversing and satisfies the unmanned operation requirements of straw rotary burying in the field.
摘要：
The development of materials to replace precious metal catalysts is key to achieving energy conversion at low cost. In this paper, a series of bifunctional catalysts based on 3d transition metal (TM) atoms and transition metal sulfide (TMD) heterojunctions with single-atom catalysts (SACs) based on density-functional theory (DFT) are reported. Oxygen electrocatalyst activity and stability were evaluated for 20 structures. The results showed that Ni-based SAC had significant OER/ORR catalytic activity with the lowest overpotential(0.41/0.78V). The mechanism of catalytic activity enhancement was investigated by descriptors of intermediate adsorption energy. A dual-atom catalyst (DAC) NiCo@Site Ⅰ was designed using the synergistic effect of active sites to reduce the reaction overpotential further. The overpotential of the active sites of the designed DACs was reduced compared to that of the SACs. This work contributes to solving key challenges in energy conversion and provides theoretical guidance for the design of bifunctional catalysts.
The development of materials to replace precious metal catalysts is key to achieving energy conversion at low cost. In this paper, a series of bifunctional catalysts based on 3d transition metal (TM) atoms and transition metal sulfide (TMD) heterojunctions with single-atom catalysts (SACs) based on density-functional theory (DFT) are reported. Oxygen electrocatalyst activity and stability were evaluated for 20 structures. The results showed that Ni-based SAC had significant OER/ORR catalytic activity with the lowest overpotential(0.41/0.78V). The mechanism of catalytic activity enhancement was investigated by descriptors of intermediate adsorption energy. A dual-atom catalyst (DAC) NiCo@Site Ⅰ was designed using the synergistic effect of active sites to reduce the reaction overpotential further. The overpotential of the active sites of the designed DACs was reduced compared to that of the SACs. This work contributes to solving key challenges in energy conversion and provides theoretical guidance for the design of bifunctional catalysts.
摘要：
Mechanical-thermal coupling mechanisms in silicone foam (SF) composites play a crucial role in optimizing their performance for aerospace, automotive, and construction applications, where lightweight design and thermal efficiency are essential. This study presents a comprehensive theoretical framework to evaluate the mechanical and thermal properties of SF composites reinforced by carbon fibers (CF) and aluminum particles (Al) under axial pressure. A four-phase composite model is developed to incorporate inclusions, matrix and voids, accounting for morphological changes in the foam structure. The model employs the Mori-Tanaka method to predict the elastoplastic behaviors, while effective-medium approximation is used to determine thermal conductivity. The framework also considers interfacial effects, including interfacial sliding, the Kapitza resistance, and filler-filler contact. Comparisons with experimental data validate the model and reveal that CF/Al/SF composites exhibit superior thermal and mechanical properties, with CFs demonstrating a more pronounced impact. These findings underscore the interplay between mechanical loading, void morphology, and thermal performance, highlighting the importance of tailoring CF/Al ratios and processing conditions to achieve synergistic mechanical-thermal properties of SF-based composites.
Mechanical-thermal coupling mechanisms in silicone foam (SF) composites play a crucial role in optimizing their performance for aerospace, automotive, and construction applications, where lightweight design and thermal efficiency are essential. This study presents a comprehensive theoretical framework to evaluate the mechanical and thermal properties of SF composites reinforced by carbon fibers (CF) and aluminum particles (Al) under axial pressure. A four-phase composite model is developed to incorporate inclusions, matrix and voids, accounting for morphological changes in the foam structure. The model employs the Mori-Tanaka method to predict the elastoplastic behaviors, while effective-medium approximation is used to determine thermal conductivity. The framework also considers interfacial effects, including interfacial sliding, the Kapitza resistance, and filler-filler contact. Comparisons with experimental data validate the model and reveal that CF/Al/SF composites exhibit superior thermal and mechanical properties, with CFs demonstrating a more pronounced impact. These findings underscore the interplay between mechanical loading, void morphology, and thermal performance, highlighting the importance of tailoring CF/Al ratios and processing conditions to achieve synergistic mechanical-thermal properties of SF-based composites.
期刊：
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2025年722:137289 ISSN：0927-7757
通讯作者：
Pengfei Jia
作者机构：
[Yujie Chen; Wenhao Jiang; Yiyi Zhang; Jiefeng Liu] School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China;[Dachang Chen] School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China;[Min Xu] College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China;Guangxi Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Electric Power Transmission and Distribution Network Lightning Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, China;[Pengfei Jia] School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China<&wdkj&>Guangxi Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Electric Power Transmission and Distribution Network Lightning Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
通讯机构：
[Pengfei Jia] S;School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China<&wdkj&>Guangxi Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Electric Power Transmission and Distribution Network Lightning Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
摘要：
Lung cancer has become one of the deadliest and most prevalent cancers worldwide, and the use of gas sensors to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath of lung cancer patients is gaining increasing popularity. Compared with traditional medical diagnostic methods, this method is cost-effective and less invasive. During our experiments, we employ density functional theory to explore how transition metal (Cu, Pd, Pt)-doped MoTe₂ single-molecule membranes respond to VOCs commonly found in the exhalation gas of patients with lung cancer in the early stages of the disease. All three modified systems exhibited excellent thermal stability, and the sorption of VOCs is significantly enhanced compared to the pristine MoTe₂, ensuring effective desorption and sensing performance at elevated temperatures. Moreover, the changes in the band gap before and after adsorption are notably distinct, indicating strong gas sensitivity. Among the doped structures, MoTe₂-Cu shows the highest adsorption capacity for C₅H₈, C₃H₆O, and C₃H₈O, accompanied by the largest change in the band gap. Due to the varying sensitivities of the three lung cancer biomarker sensors to different gases, cross-sensitivity can be minimised, highlighting the potential for qualitative analysis of VOC gas mixtures. This offers new insights and methods for the early detection and prevention of lung cancer.
Lung cancer has become one of the deadliest and most prevalent cancers worldwide, and the use of gas sensors to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath of lung cancer patients is gaining increasing popularity. Compared with traditional medical diagnostic methods, this method is cost-effective and less invasive. During our experiments, we employ density functional theory to explore how transition metal (Cu, Pd, Pt)-doped MoTe₂ single-molecule membranes respond to VOCs commonly found in the exhalation gas of patients with lung cancer in the early stages of the disease. All three modified systems exhibited excellent thermal stability, and the sorption of VOCs is significantly enhanced compared to the pristine MoTe₂, ensuring effective desorption and sensing performance at elevated temperatures. Moreover, the changes in the band gap before and after adsorption are notably distinct, indicating strong gas sensitivity. Among the doped structures, MoTe₂-Cu shows the highest adsorption capacity for C₅H₈, C₃H₆O, and C₃H₈O, accompanied by the largest change in the band gap. Due to the varying sensitivities of the three lung cancer biomarker sensors to different gases, cross-sensitivity can be minimised, highlighting the potential for qualitative analysis of VOC gas mixtures. This offers new insights and methods for the early detection and prevention of lung cancer.
关键词：
deep learning;cotton pests and diseases;lightweight model;C2f
摘要：
To address the challenges of detecting cotton pests and diseases in natural environments, as well as the similarities in the features exhibited by cotton pests and diseases, a Lightweight Cotton Disease Detection in Natural Environment (LCDDN-YOLO) algorithm is proposed. The LCDDN-YOLO algorithm is based on YOLOv8n, and replaces part of the convolutional layers in the backbone network with Distributed Shift Convolution (DSConv). The BiFPN network is incorporated into the original architecture, adding learnable weights to evaluate the significance of various input features, thereby enhancing detection accuracy. Furthermore, it integrates Partial Convolution (PConv) and Distributed Shift Convolution (DSConv) into the C2f module, called PDS-C2f. Additionally, the CBAM attention mechanism is incorporated into the neck network to improve model performance. A Focal-EIoU loss function is also integrated to optimize the model’s training process. Experimental results show that compared to YOLOv8, the LCDDN-YOLO model reduces the number of parameters by 12.9% and the floating-point operations (FLOPs) by 9.9%, while precision, mAP@50, and recall improve by 4.6%, 6.5%, and 7.8%, respectively, reaching 89.5%, 85.4%, and 80.2%. In summary, the LCDDN-YOLO model offers excellent detection accuracy and speed, making it effective for pest and disease control in cotton fields, particularly in lightweight computing scenarios.
摘要：
Interface engineering has become a new research field recently. Transition metal dichalcogenides, as a kind of graphenelike two-dimensional semiconductor layered material, can be constructed as rich heterostructures with various other materials, which helps to fully explore the modulation effect of interlayer interaction. Based on first-principles calculation, it is found that MoS2/FeCl2 is a typical metal-semiconductor contact heterostructure with a variety of novel physical properties, including unconventional band alignment, the coexistence of spintronics and valleytronics, and the abnormal valley Hall effect. The change of interlayer interaction leads to the effective regulation of band structure in the system, and the interlayer coupling transforms between weak vdWs force and covalentlike quasibonding interaction depending on the interlayer distance. The transition from n-type to p-type Schottky contact at the interface of the system is also achieved by interlayer engineering. Meanwhile, under the influence of magnetic proximity effect, the heterostructure presents a robust ferromagnetic ground state, but the magnetic anisotropy energy can be transferred from in-plane to out-of-plane. Remarkably, manipulating interlayer coupling through magnetization direction or interlayer proximity can result in alterations of spin and valley polarization. Once synthesized, the MoS2/FeCl2 heterostructure is a potential candidate for multifunctional applications.
通讯机构：
[Mou, Y ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
PLS;Regression;Quantitative analysis
摘要：
The quantitative analysis model for infrared spectroscopy primarily relies on regression methods. Partial Least Squares (PLS) is proposed to overcome the small sample problem through dimensionality reduction. However, spectral data may still include orthogonal variation components. Orthogonal Signal Correction (OSC) methods are developed to remove these orthogonal components, improving analysis accuracy, but they require orthogonality assumptions. Total Least Squares (TLS) regression is introduced to suppress noise and perturbations in both predictor and response variables, yet it does not solve the small sample size issue. Therefore, we propose Total Partial Least Squares Regression (TPLS) and its extended model (TPLSE). These models address both small sample sizes and non-orthogonal noise. We present algorithms, time complexity analysis, and bounds analysis. Validation using four public datasets shows that TPLS and TPLSE outperform PLS, OSC, and TLS in prediction accuracy. We also verify the impact of regularization coefficients on model performance and robustness against noise.
The quantitative analysis model for infrared spectroscopy primarily relies on regression methods. Partial Least Squares (PLS) is proposed to overcome the small sample problem through dimensionality reduction. However, spectral data may still include orthogonal variation components. Orthogonal Signal Correction (OSC) methods are developed to remove these orthogonal components, improving analysis accuracy, but they require orthogonality assumptions. Total Least Squares (TLS) regression is introduced to suppress noise and perturbations in both predictor and response variables, yet it does not solve the small sample size issue. Therefore, we propose Total Partial Least Squares Regression (TPLS) and its extended model (TPLSE). These models address both small sample sizes and non-orthogonal noise. We present algorithms, time complexity analysis, and bounds analysis. Validation using four public datasets shows that TPLS and TPLSE outperform PLS, OSC, and TLS in prediction accuracy. We also verify the impact of regularization coefficients on model performance and robustness against noise.
摘要：
The large-N limit is a crucial property in many-body quantum systems, playing a important role in advancing quantum theories and technologies. This paper explores the large-N limit of quantum Fisher information (QFI), an experimentally accessible quantum information measure, in one-dimensional (1D) translation-invariant quantum systems. We demonstrate that QFI generally scales as ϱ2N2+ϱ1N in the large-N limit for these systems. Notably, we present a method to extract the scaling coefficients {ϱi} using triangular-matrix-product-operator theory and infinite tensor-network algorithms, circumventing the need for finite-size scaling fittings. By analyzing ground states in infinite-size transverse-field Ising chains and cluster chains, we reveal that {ϱi} offer a concise and informative approach to characterize the achievable precision limit in parameter estimations, metrologically useful multipartite entanglement, quantum criticality, and their relationship in these systems in the large-N limit.
The large-N limit is a crucial property in many-body quantum systems, playing a important role in advancing quantum theories and technologies. This paper explores the large-N limit of quantum Fisher information (QFI), an experimentally accessible quantum information measure, in one-dimensional (1D) translation-invariant quantum systems. We demonstrate that QFI generally scales as ϱ2N2+ϱ1N in the large-N limit for these systems. Notably, we present a method to extract the scaling coefficients {ϱi} using triangular-matrix-product-operator theory and infinite tensor-network algorithms, circumventing the need for finite-size scaling fittings. By analyzing ground states in infinite-size transverse-field Ising chains and cluster chains, we reveal that {ϱi} offer a concise and informative approach to characterize the achievable precision limit in parameter estimations, metrologically useful multipartite entanglement, quantum criticality, and their relationship in these systems in the large-N limit.
作者机构：
[Junbing Guo; Duo Zhang; Jiaqian Li; Lian Zhao] School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, People’s Republic of China
通讯机构：
[Duo Zhang] S;School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, People’s Republic of China
摘要：
We propose a theoretical scheme to realize two-dimensional (2D) asymmetric electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a closed four-level inverted-Y type semiconductor quantum wells (SQWs) system. The 2D asymmetric grating is formed by the interaction of a weak probe field, a circulating field, and two simultaneously acting 2D standing wave (SW) field and composite Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) vortex field. After deriving the Fraunhofer diffraction equation of the probe beam, we numerically investigated the amplitude modulation, phase modulation, and Fraunhofer diffraction characteristics of the weak probe beam under different conditions. We analyze the impact of turning on or off the circulating field on the formation of grating. By adjusting the detunings of corresponding fields, SW field intensity, high efficiency 2D asymmetric diffraction grating can be obtained under appropriate circumstances. Due to the phase sensitivity of the closed loop structure of the SQWs system, the relative phase difference between the applied fields can be used to effectively control the alterations of diffraction intensity and direction of the grating. Moreover, the diffraction pattern of the probe field can be altered by simply adjusting the OAM value of the LG beam. The diffraction energy distribution of the probe field can be manipulated and shifted in different regions especially in the higher-order direction. The scheme we presented opens up the possibility of realizing novel applications in optical transmissions, and development of new photonic devices.
We propose a theoretical scheme to realize two-dimensional (2D) asymmetric electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a closed four-level inverted-Y type semiconductor quantum wells (SQWs) system. The 2D asymmetric grating is formed by the interaction of a weak probe field, a circulating field, and two simultaneously acting 2D standing wave (SW) field and composite Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) vortex field. After deriving the Fraunhofer diffraction equation of the probe beam, we numerically investigated the amplitude modulation, phase modulation, and Fraunhofer diffraction characteristics of the weak probe beam under different conditions. We analyze the impact of turning on or off the circulating field on the formation of grating. By adjusting the detunings of corresponding fields, SW field intensity, high efficiency 2D asymmetric diffraction grating can be obtained under appropriate circumstances. Due to the phase sensitivity of the closed loop structure of the SQWs system, the relative phase difference between the applied fields can be used to effectively control the alterations of diffraction intensity and direction of the grating. Moreover, the diffraction pattern of the probe field can be altered by simply adjusting the OAM value of the LG beam. The diffraction energy distribution of the probe field can be manipulated and shifted in different regions especially in the higher-order direction. The scheme we presented opens up the possibility of realizing novel applications in optical transmissions, and development of new photonic devices.
关键词：
Bouguer gravity anomaly;Red River fault;apparent density imaging;bilinear interpolation;gravity field model data
摘要：
The geological structure in the Red River fault zone (RRF) and adjacent areas is complex. Due to the lack of high-precision gravity data in the study area, it is difficult to obtain the distribution of materials within the Earth's crust. In this study, a gravity data-fused method is proposed. The Moho depth model data are utilized to construct the gravity anomaly trend, and the mapping relation between the gravity field model data and the measured gravity data is established. Using 934 high-precision measured gravity data as control points, the bilinear interpolation method is used to calculate high-precision grid data of the RRF. Finally, the apparent density inversion method is used to obtain clear crustal density images across the RRF. The experimental results show that the fuses data not only reflect the regional anomaly trend but also maintain the local anomaly information; the root-mean-square error of the fused data is less than 5% and the correlation coefficient is greater than 90%. Through an in-depth comparative analysis of density images, it is found that the low-density anomalous zones, with depths of ~20 km in the northern and southern sections of the RRF, are shallower than those in the middle. The data-fused method provides a new way to process geophysical data more efficiently.
摘要：
Multipath errors ( MP ) can seriously affect positioning accuracy. Extracting and analyzing the variation characteristics of MP can provide a basis for mitigating it, but the current studies primarily focus on the characteristics of long-term variation of multipath errors while ignoring its short-term variation, which leads to incomplete understanding of the MP . Code and carrier phase dual-frequency observation combination and moving average method are combined to achieve accurate extraction of short-term code multipath error variation ( MP var ), and different moving average strategies are adopted to satisfy the needs of real-time and after-the-fact extraction. The variation characteristics of MP var between sea and land, among different GNSS systems, among different orbits of the BDS system are compared and analyzed. Study indicates that the carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N0) at sea is low and fluctuates greatly compared with the C/N0 at land, but the MP var at sea is much smoother. There are differences in the magnitude of MP var for each GNSS system, but they are all correlated with the elevation angle. For BDS GEO satellites, although the elevation angle variations are minimal, the MP var has significant variations. Therefore, this study suggests that the MP variations of the BDS GEO satellites cannot be regarded as a smooth process when MP sources exist in the vicinity of the static observation stations. The extraction method and analysis results in this study helps to provide ideas for mitigating MP from a perspective of short-term variation.
Multipath errors ( MP ) can seriously affect positioning accuracy. Extracting and analyzing the variation characteristics of MP can provide a basis for mitigating it, but the current studies primarily focus on the characteristics of long-term variation of multipath errors while ignoring its short-term variation, which leads to incomplete understanding of the MP . Code and carrier phase dual-frequency observation combination and moving average method are combined to achieve accurate extraction of short-term code multipath error variation ( MP var ), and different moving average strategies are adopted to satisfy the needs of real-time and after-the-fact extraction. The variation characteristics of MP var between sea and land, among different GNSS systems, among different orbits of the BDS system are compared and analyzed. Study indicates that the carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N0) at sea is low and fluctuates greatly compared with the C/N0 at land, but the MP var at sea is much smoother. There are differences in the magnitude of MP var for each GNSS system, but they are all correlated with the elevation angle. For BDS GEO satellites, although the elevation angle variations are minimal, the MP var has significant variations. Therefore, this study suggests that the MP variations of the BDS GEO satellites cannot be regarded as a smooth process when MP sources exist in the vicinity of the static observation stations. The extraction method and analysis results in this study helps to provide ideas for mitigating MP from a perspective of short-term variation.
摘要：
Tea bud localization detection not only ensures tea quality, improves picking efficiency, and advances intelligent harvesting, but also fosters tea industry upgrades and enhances economic benefits. To solve the problem of the high computational complexity of deep learning detection models, we developed the Tea Bud DSCF-YOLOv8n (TBF-YOLOv8n)lightweight detection model. Improvement of the Cross Stage Partial Bottleneck Module with Two Convolutions(C2f) module via efficient Distributed Shift Convolution (DSConv) yields the C2f module with DSConv(DSCf)module, which reduces the model's size. Additionally, the coordinate attention (CA) mechanism is incorporated to mitigate interference from irrelevant factors, thereby improving mean accuracy. Furthermore, the SIOU_Loss (SCYLLA-IOU_Loss) function and the Dynamic Sample(DySample)up-sampling operator are implemented to accelerate convergence and enhance both average precision and detection accuracy. The experimental results show that compared to the YOLOv8n model, the TBF-YOLOv8n model has a 3.7% increase in accuracy, a 1.1% increase in average accuracy, a 44.4% reduction in gigabit floating point operations (GFLOPs), and a 13.4% reduction in the total number of parameters included in the model. In comparison experiments with a variety of lightweight detection models, the TBF-YOLOv8n still performs well in terms of detection accuracy while remaining more lightweight. In conclusion, the TBF-YOLOv8n model achieves a commendable balance between efficiency and precision, offering valuable insights for advancing intelligent tea bud harvesting technologies.
通讯机构：
[Gao, Y ] D;Dezhou Univ, Coll Phys & Elect Informat, Dezhou 253023, Peoples R China.;Int Ctr Supernovae, Yunnan Key Lab, Kunming 650216, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Abstract We present the analysis of a comprehensive sample of 352 early-type galaxies using public data, to investigate the correlations between CO luminosities and mid-infrared luminosities observed by Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We find strong correlations between both CO (1–0) and CO (2–1) luminosities and 12 μm luminosity, boasting a correlation coefficient greater than 0.9 and an intrinsic scatter smaller than 0.1 dex. The consistent slopes observed for the relationships of CO (1–0) and CO (2–1) suggest that the line ratio R21 lacks correlation with mid-infrared emission in early-type galaxies, which is significantly different from star-forming galaxies. Moreover, the slopes of L CO(1−0)–L 12 μm and L CO(2−1)–L 12 μm relations in early-type galaxies are steeper than those observed in star-forming galaxies. Given the absence of correlation with color, morphology, or specific star formation rate (sSFR), the correlation between deviations and the molecular gas mass surface density could be eliminated by correcting the possible 12 μm emission from old stars or adopting a systematically different α CO. The latter, on average, is equivalent to adding a constant CO brightness density, specifically 2 . 8 − 0.6 + 0.8 [ K km s − 1 ] and 4 . 4 − 1.4 + 2.2 [ K km s − 1 ] for CO (1–0) and (2–1), respectively. These explorations will serve as useful tools for estimating the molecular gas content in gas-poor galaxies and understanding associated quenching processes.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, D ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
asymmetric diffraction grating;standing-wave field;laguerre-gaussian vortex field;diffraction property;semiconductor quantum well
摘要：
We present a theoretical scheme to realize two-dimensional (2D) asymmetric diffraction grating in a five-level inverted Y-type asymmetric double semiconductor quantum wells (SQWs) structure with resonant tunneling. The SQW structure interacts with a weak probe laser field, a spatially independent 2D standing-wave (SW) field, and a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) vortex field, respectively. The results indicate that the diffraction patterns are highly sensitive to amplitude modulation and phase modulation. Because of the existence of vortex light, it is possible to realize asymmetric high-order diffraction in the SQW structure, and then a 2D asymmetric grating is established. By adjusting the detunings of the probe field, vortex field, and SW field, as well as the interaction length, diffraction intensity, and direction of the 2D asymmetric electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) can be controlled effectively. In addition, the number of orbital angular momenta (OAM) and beam waist parameter can be used to modulate the diffraction intensity and energy transfer of the probe light in different regions. High-order diffraction intensity is enhanced and high-efficiency 2D asymmetric diffraction grating with different diffraction patterns is obtained in the scheme. Such 2D asymmetric diffraction grating may be beneficial to the research of optical communication and innovative semiconductor quantum devices.
