作者机构：
[Liu, Yulan; Wang, Dan; Li, Shunkang; Wu, Nianbang; He, Wensheng; Kuang, Yanling; Zhu, Huiling] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China;[Gao, Qingyu; Cong, Xin] Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, China;[Liu, Liping] Beijng Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China;[Cheng, Shuiyuan] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Xin Cong] E;[Dan Wang] H;Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
This study aimed to investigate the impact of Cardamine violifolia on muscle protein degradation, the inflammatory response and antioxidant function in weaned piglets following LPS challenge. Twenty-four weaned piglets were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment with dietary treatment (sodium selenite or Cardamine violifolia) and LPS challenge. After 28 days of feeding, pigs were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg LPS or saline. Dietary supplementation with Cardamine violifolia mitigated the reduction in insulin and growth hormone levels induced by LPS. It also curbed the LPS-induced elevation of plasma glucagon, urea nitrogen, and creatinine concentrations. Cardamine violifolia reduced muscle damage caused by LPS, as evidenced by increased protein content and protein/DNA ratio and decreased TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression. Furthermore, Cardamine violifolia modulated the expression of FOXO1, FOXO4, and MuRF1 in muscle, indicative of the protective effect against muscle protein degradation. Enhanced muscle antioxidant function was observed in the form of increased T-AOC, reduced MDA concentration, and decreased mRNA expression of GPX3, DIO3, TXNRD1, SELENOS, SELENOI, SELENOO, and SEPHS2 in LPS-treated piglets. The findings suggest that Cardamine violifolia supplementation can effectively alleviate muscle protein degradation induced by LPS and enhance the antioxidant capacity in piglets.
作者机构：
[Rao, Shen] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430048, China. Electronic address: raoshen2021@whpu.edu.cn;[Yue, Mingwei] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430048, China. Electronic address: ymw0704@163.com;[Chen, Lulu] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430048, China. Electronic address: 18530948009@163.com;[Han, Zaixin] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430048, China. Electronic address: h1430416052@126.com;[Che, Tianqin] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430048, China. Electronic address: haohaokan20@163.com
通讯机构：
[Yue, Mingwei; Chen, Lulu; Che, Tianqin; Han, Zaixin; Liu, Xiaomeng; Cheng, Shuiyuan; Rao, Shen] N;[Cong, Xin] E;National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430048, China. Electronic address:;Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Enshi, 445000, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
The rapid expansion of electronics and electric vehicle industries has substantially increased electronic waste generation, exacerbating soil and water lithium (Li) contamination. Despite growing environmental concerns, research on Li phytotoxicity mechanisms remains limited. This study investigated Li tolerance in Cardamine violifolia using controlled exposure to lithium chloride (LiCl) at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg L -1 . Key findings demonstrate that 400 mg L -1 LiCl (a high-concentration exposure) significantly reduced biomass and total chlorophyll content by 37.1% and 15.6%, respectively; relative to control. Conversely, 100 mg L -1 LiCl elevated total chlorophyll content by 8.5%. Tissue Li accumulation exhibited concentration-dependent increases, reaching maximal values of 251.30 mg kg -1 FW in shoots and 12.71 mg kg -1 FW in roots under 400 mg L -1 exposure. These accumulation levels represented 6.1-fold and 4.7-fold compared to those observed under 50 mg L -1 LiCl treatment. Subcellular analysis revealed Li predominantly localized in cell walls (38.6–48.1% in shoots; 53.0–64.4% in roots) and soluble components (31.2–40.1% in shoots; 15.9–29.3% in roots), with the ethanol-extractable fraction (93.1–94.3% in shoots; 85.8–90.8% in roots) representing its dominant speciation form. Critically, lipidomic profiling indicated that C. violifolia enhances Li stress tolerance through shoot- and root-specific lipid remodeling: triacylglycerols (TG) mitigate toxicity via hydrophobic interactions and low phase transition properties, while ceramides (Cer) modulate root antioxidant systems. These results elucidate physiological and molecular adaptations underlying C. violifolia 's exceptional Li tolerance, laying the groundwork for its further investigation in remediation of Li-contaminated soils.
The rapid expansion of electronics and electric vehicle industries has substantially increased electronic waste generation, exacerbating soil and water lithium (Li) contamination. Despite growing environmental concerns, research on Li phytotoxicity mechanisms remains limited. This study investigated Li tolerance in Cardamine violifolia using controlled exposure to lithium chloride (LiCl) at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg L -1 . Key findings demonstrate that 400 mg L -1 LiCl (a high-concentration exposure) significantly reduced biomass and total chlorophyll content by 37.1% and 15.6%, respectively; relative to control. Conversely, 100 mg L -1 LiCl elevated total chlorophyll content by 8.5%. Tissue Li accumulation exhibited concentration-dependent increases, reaching maximal values of 251.30 mg kg -1 FW in shoots and 12.71 mg kg -1 FW in roots under 400 mg L -1 exposure. These accumulation levels represented 6.1-fold and 4.7-fold compared to those observed under 50 mg L -1 LiCl treatment. Subcellular analysis revealed Li predominantly localized in cell walls (38.6–48.1% in shoots; 53.0–64.4% in roots) and soluble components (31.2–40.1% in shoots; 15.9–29.3% in roots), with the ethanol-extractable fraction (93.1–94.3% in shoots; 85.8–90.8% in roots) representing its dominant speciation form. Critically, lipidomic profiling indicated that C. violifolia enhances Li stress tolerance through shoot- and root-specific lipid remodeling: triacylglycerols (TG) mitigate toxicity via hydrophobic interactions and low phase transition properties, while ceramides (Cer) modulate root antioxidant systems. These results elucidate physiological and molecular adaptations underlying C. violifolia 's exceptional Li tolerance, laying the groundwork for its further investigation in remediation of Li-contaminated soils.
摘要：
Chitosan (CTS) exhibits notable moisturizing and film-forming capabilities, whereas nano selenium (SeNPs) demonstrates antioxidant and antibacterial properties. In the present study, a CTS/Se film-forming agent was prepared by dissolving CTS, glycerol, and SeNPs in 1% (v/v) glacial acetic acid through heating and ultrasonic treatment. The results revealed that SeNPs fused with CTS via intermolecular forces, thereby enhancing the tensile strength of the CTS film. The water contact angle of the CTS film increased with an increase in SeNPs concentration. The thermal stability and water retention properties of CTS/Se were superior than CTS. In a storage experiment, the content of soluble solids in tomatoes coated with CTS/Se was higher than that in tomatoes coated with CTS and the control. The CTS/Se coating inhibited gas exchange both inside and outside the film, leading to increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. This reduced the oxidation of vitamin C in the tomatoes and decreased the content of malondialdehyde. The CTS/Se film inhibited the growth of bacteria on the tomato surface and mitigated the decline of aldehyde, alcohol and ketone aroma compounds. Consequently, the CTS/Se coating alleviated the softening, aging and rotting of tomatoes. Feeding experiments conducted on mice verified the food safety of the CTS/Se.
Chitosan (CTS) exhibits notable moisturizing and film-forming capabilities, whereas nano selenium (SeNPs) demonstrates antioxidant and antibacterial properties. In the present study, a CTS/Se film-forming agent was prepared by dissolving CTS, glycerol, and SeNPs in 1% (v/v) glacial acetic acid through heating and ultrasonic treatment. The results revealed that SeNPs fused with CTS via intermolecular forces, thereby enhancing the tensile strength of the CTS film. The water contact angle of the CTS film increased with an increase in SeNPs concentration. The thermal stability and water retention properties of CTS/Se were superior than CTS. In a storage experiment, the content of soluble solids in tomatoes coated with CTS/Se was higher than that in tomatoes coated with CTS and the control. The CTS/Se coating inhibited gas exchange both inside and outside the film, leading to increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. This reduced the oxidation of vitamin C in the tomatoes and decreased the content of malondialdehyde. The CTS/Se film inhibited the growth of bacteria on the tomato surface and mitigated the decline of aldehyde, alcohol and ketone aroma compounds. Consequently, the CTS/Se coating alleviated the softening, aging and rotting of tomatoes. Feeding experiments conducted on mice verified the food safety of the CTS/Se.
摘要：
In this study, we extracted, separated, and purified polysaccharides from Se-enriched Cyclocarya paliurus (Se-CPP-1) and compared them with their non-Se-enriched counterparts (CPP-1) to investigate the impact of selenium on their structural and functional properties. Structural characterization by HPLC, GC-MS, and SEM revealed that Se-CPP-1 is an acidic heteropolysaccharide with a lower molecular weight (76.6 vs. 109.22 kDa), smaller particle size (418.22 vs. 536.96 nm), and higher negative zeta potential (-43.15 vs. -21.29 mV), indicating enhanced colloidal stability. SEM imaging further demonstrated a distinctive flaky morphology in Se-CPP-1. Functional assays showed that Se-CPP-1 significantly outperformed CPP-1 in scavenging free radicals (DPPH/ABTS), stimulating RAW264.7 macrophage proliferation (CCK-8 assay), enhancing phagocytic activity, and promoting NO secretion. These improvements were attributed to selenium-induced modifications in polysaccharide conformation and surface properties. Our findings highlight the potential of selenium fortification in developing high-efficacy C. paliurus polysaccharides for antioxidant and immunomodulatory applications.
期刊：
Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,2025年 ISSN：2590-1826
通讯作者：
Shen Rao
作者机构：
[Lulu Chen; Mingwei Yue; Xiaomeng Liu; Shuiyuan Cheng; Shen Rao] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China;Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Enshi 445000, China;[Xin Cong] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China<&wdkj&>Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Enshi 445000, China
通讯机构：
[Shen Rao] N;National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
摘要：
The growing use of electronic devices and power batteries has introduced lithium (Li) as a new environmental contaminant. However, knowledge on the toxicity of Li to plants remains scarce. In this study, Cardamine violifolia was exposed to 200 mg L −1 of LiCl, with samples collected on 3, 6, 9, and 12 d. Results showed that Li concentration in C. violifolia increased over time. By 12 d, the shoots and roots accumulated 164.67 mg kg −1 and 8.41 mg kg −1 FW of Li, respectively. Li was primarily found in the blade edges and was mainly distributed in cell walls and soluble components. Activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes were significantly increased under Li exposure. Transcriptome analysis identified 15,810 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In the shoots, DEGs were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and pentose and glucuronate interconversion pathways. In the roots, DEGs were mainly enriched in phagosome and ribosome pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis indicated that potassium transporter 5 ( HAK5 ), potassium transporter 9 ( KT9 ), metal transporter ( Nramp ), metal-nicotianamine transporter ( YSL ), Glutathione S-transferase U ( GSTU ), potassium channel ( KAT ), nitrate transporter ( NRT1 ), heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant protein ( HMA ), odium/calcium exchanger ( NCL ), and ATP-binding cassette transporter C family member ( ABCC ) genes may be involved in Li uptake and transport in C. violifolia . This study systematically revealed the unique distribution patterns of Li in C. violifolia . By integrating physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses, we identified multiple gene families associated with Li transport in plants. These findings not only provide novel insights into the spatial regulatory mechanisms underlying plant responses to emerging pollutants but also establish a theoretical foundation for developing phytoremediation-based technologies for Li contamination.
The growing use of electronic devices and power batteries has introduced lithium (Li) as a new environmental contaminant. However, knowledge on the toxicity of Li to plants remains scarce. In this study, Cardamine violifolia was exposed to 200 mg L −1 of LiCl, with samples collected on 3, 6, 9, and 12 d. Results showed that Li concentration in C. violifolia increased over time. By 12 d, the shoots and roots accumulated 164.67 mg kg −1 and 8.41 mg kg −1 FW of Li, respectively. Li was primarily found in the blade edges and was mainly distributed in cell walls and soluble components. Activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes were significantly increased under Li exposure. Transcriptome analysis identified 15,810 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In the shoots, DEGs were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and pentose and glucuronate interconversion pathways. In the roots, DEGs were mainly enriched in phagosome and ribosome pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis indicated that potassium transporter 5 ( HAK5 ), potassium transporter 9 ( KT9 ), metal transporter ( Nramp ), metal-nicotianamine transporter ( YSL ), Glutathione S-transferase U ( GSTU ), potassium channel ( KAT ), nitrate transporter ( NRT1 ), heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant protein ( HMA ), odium/calcium exchanger ( NCL ), and ATP-binding cassette transporter C family member ( ABCC ) genes may be involved in Li uptake and transport in C. violifolia . This study systematically revealed the unique distribution patterns of Li in C. violifolia . By integrating physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses, we identified multiple gene families associated with Li transport in plants. These findings not only provide novel insights into the spatial regulatory mechanisms underlying plant responses to emerging pollutants but also establish a theoretical foundation for developing phytoremediation-based technologies for Li contamination.
通讯机构：
[Li, SY ; Chen, X] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Se Rich Agr Prod Proc, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Active intelligent film;Anthocyanin s;High stability;Co-pigment;Selenopeptide
摘要：
Highly stable and multifunctional intelligent films were fabricated using a combination of grape skin anthocyanin, polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and selenopeptide, and the influence of selenopeptide concentration on films' properties and their effectiveness in strawberry preservation and freshness monitoring was investigated. The results showed that the incorporated selenopeptide could interact with polyvinyl alcohol and grape skin anthocyanin via hydrogen bonding, improving the hydrophobic, UV-blocking, and mechanical characteristics of the films. In particular, the introduction of 0.4% selenopeptide into the film notably boosted its tensile strength from 11.91 MPa to 26.91 MPa. More importantly, the films incorporated with selenopeptide showed decent antioxidant and antibacterial properties, along with high storage stability and thermal stability. Adding 0.4% selenopeptide to the film can increase the shelf life of strawberries at 25 °C by 3 days, and a distinct color change showing fair good linear relationship with the freshness indexes of the strawberry (hardness and weight loss rate) was observed. Overall, anthocyanin-infused films combined with selenopeptide have demonstrated promising results in preserving food and monitoring freshness, opening up new opportunities for preparing stable, smart and active films.
Highly stable and multifunctional intelligent films were fabricated using a combination of grape skin anthocyanin, polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and selenopeptide, and the influence of selenopeptide concentration on films' properties and their effectiveness in strawberry preservation and freshness monitoring was investigated. The results showed that the incorporated selenopeptide could interact with polyvinyl alcohol and grape skin anthocyanin via hydrogen bonding, improving the hydrophobic, UV-blocking, and mechanical characteristics of the films. In particular, the introduction of 0.4% selenopeptide into the film notably boosted its tensile strength from 11.91 MPa to 26.91 MPa. More importantly, the films incorporated with selenopeptide showed decent antioxidant and antibacterial properties, along with high storage stability and thermal stability. Adding 0.4% selenopeptide to the film can increase the shelf life of strawberries at 25 °C by 3 days, and a distinct color change showing fair good linear relationship with the freshness indexes of the strawberry (hardness and weight loss rate) was observed. Overall, anthocyanin-infused films combined with selenopeptide have demonstrated promising results in preserving food and monitoring freshness, opening up new opportunities for preparing stable, smart and active films.
通讯机构：
[Rao, S ; Liu, XM] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Serich Agr Prod Proc Technol, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
White tea;Selenium;Mineral;Amino acid;Correlation analysis
摘要：
Tea, second only to water in consumption, is rich in nutrients. Selenium, a crucial trace element, has unclear relationships with other substances in tea leaves. This study analyzed five white teas, measuring selenium, five minerals, and various chemical components. The results showed that there were significant differences in the elemental and chemical characteristics among these tea. Correlation analysis showed that low-level selenium might have a synergistic effect with iron, magnesium and potassium, while the correlations between other elements in tea leaves, total proteins, and total amino acids with selenium were not significant. In addition, the contents of flavonoids and polyphenols were significantly negatively correlated with the selenium content. These results indicated that selenium has a significant impact on the accumulation of minerals, flavonoids, and polyphenols in tea leaves. This study disclosed white tea's elemental and chemical basis, supplying a theoretical basis for quality evaluation, crucial for the tea industry.
Tea, second only to water in consumption, is rich in nutrients. Selenium, a crucial trace element, has unclear relationships with other substances in tea leaves. This study analyzed five white teas, measuring selenium, five minerals, and various chemical components. The results showed that there were significant differences in the elemental and chemical characteristics among these tea. Correlation analysis showed that low-level selenium might have a synergistic effect with iron, magnesium and potassium, while the correlations between other elements in tea leaves, total proteins, and total amino acids with selenium were not significant. In addition, the contents of flavonoids and polyphenols were significantly negatively correlated with the selenium content. These results indicated that selenium has a significant impact on the accumulation of minerals, flavonoids, and polyphenols in tea leaves. This study disclosed white tea's elemental and chemical basis, supplying a theoretical basis for quality evaluation, crucial for the tea industry.
作者机构：
[Yuan, Ting-Ting; Cheng, Hua] School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China;[Yuan, Ting-Ting] College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;[Feng, Yu-Rui] College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;[Cheng, Shuiyuan] School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China. Electronic address: 12622@whpu.edu.cn;[Lu, Ying-Tang] School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China. Electronic address: yingtlu@whu.edu.cn
通讯机构：
[Lu, Ying-Tang; Cheng, Shuiyuan] S;School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
Various reactive small molecules, naturally produced via cellular metabolism, function in plant immunity. However, how pathogens use plant metabolites to promote their infection is poorly understood. Here, we identified that infection with a virulent bacterial strain represses glyoxalase I (GLYI) activity, leading to elevated levels of methylglyoxal (MG) in Arabidopsis . Genetic analysis of GLYIs further supports that MG promotes bacterial infection. Mechanistically, MG modifies TRIPHOSPHATE TUNNEL METALLOENZYME2 (TTM2) at Arg-351, facilitating its interaction with CATALASE2 (CAT2), resulting in higher CAT2 activity and lower hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) accumulation. Taken together, we demonstrate that the bacterial pathogen harnesses the plant metabolite MG to promote its infection by scavenging H 2 O 2 .
Various reactive small molecules, naturally produced via cellular metabolism, function in plant immunity. However, how pathogens use plant metabolites to promote their infection is poorly understood. Here, we identified that infection with a virulent bacterial strain represses glyoxalase I (GLYI) activity, leading to elevated levels of methylglyoxal (MG) in Arabidopsis . Genetic analysis of GLYIs further supports that MG promotes bacterial infection. Mechanistically, MG modifies TRIPHOSPHATE TUNNEL METALLOENZYME2 (TTM2) at Arg-351, facilitating its interaction with CATALASE2 (CAT2), resulting in higher CAT2 activity and lower hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) accumulation. Taken together, we demonstrate that the bacterial pathogen harnesses the plant metabolite MG to promote its infection by scavenging H 2 O 2 .
摘要：
While selenium (Se) antagonism on cadmium (Cd) uptake in plants has been extensively studied, the reciprocal regulatory mechanisms governing Cd-mediated Se accumulation remain poorly characterized. This investigation utilized the Se hyperaccumulator Cardamine violifolia to elucidate these interactions. The results demonstrated that Cd exposure increased root hair formation, promoted Se concentrations in the roots but reduced its shoot accumulation . Both Cd and Se were deposited in the leaf margins. Transcriptome analysis showed that the expressions of adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate kinase ( APK1 , APK2 , and APK4 ) and adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase ( APR1 and APR3 ) were induced by Cd in the shoots; six sulfate transporters, including inorganic phosphate transporter 1.3 ( PHT1.3 ) and sulfate transporter 1.2 ( SULTR1.2 ) exhibited coordinated expression modulation under combined Se-Cd treatment. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis suggested that 23 genes, such as inorganic phosphate transporter 1.3 and putative expansin-B2, may play key roles in regulating Se accumulation in C. violifolia treated with Cd. In conclusion, Cd promoted root Se uptake through enlarged root hair surface area and enhanced transporter gene expression. Meanwhile, Cd might promote Se volatilization via promoting key genes such as APK and APR , thus reducing Se accumulation in the shoots. This study provides a novel perspective and deepen our comprehension of Se-Cd interaction in plants.
While selenium (Se) antagonism on cadmium (Cd) uptake in plants has been extensively studied, the reciprocal regulatory mechanisms governing Cd-mediated Se accumulation remain poorly characterized. This investigation utilized the Se hyperaccumulator Cardamine violifolia to elucidate these interactions. The results demonstrated that Cd exposure increased root hair formation, promoted Se concentrations in the roots but reduced its shoot accumulation . Both Cd and Se were deposited in the leaf margins. Transcriptome analysis showed that the expressions of adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate kinase ( APK1 , APK2 , and APK4 ) and adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase ( APR1 and APR3 ) were induced by Cd in the shoots; six sulfate transporters, including inorganic phosphate transporter 1.3 ( PHT1.3 ) and sulfate transporter 1.2 ( SULTR1.2 ) exhibited coordinated expression modulation under combined Se-Cd treatment. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis suggested that 23 genes, such as inorganic phosphate transporter 1.3 and putative expansin-B2, may play key roles in regulating Se accumulation in C. violifolia treated with Cd. In conclusion, Cd promoted root Se uptake through enlarged root hair surface area and enhanced transporter gene expression. Meanwhile, Cd might promote Se volatilization via promoting key genes such as APK and APR , thus reducing Se accumulation in the shoots. This study provides a novel perspective and deepen our comprehension of Se-Cd interaction in plants.
摘要：
Aging-related lipid metabolic disorder is related to oxidative stress. Selenium (Se)-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC) is known for its excellent antioxidant function. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of SEC on antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism in the liver of aged laying hens. A total of 450 sixty-five-wk-old Roman laying hens were randomly divided into 5 treatments: a basal diet (without Se supplementation, CON) and basal diets supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg Se from sodium selenite (SS), 0.3 mg/kg Se from Se-enriched yeast (SEY), 0.3 mg/kg Se from SEC (SEC), or 0.3 mg/kg Se from SEC and 0.3 mg/kg Se from SEY (SEC + SEY). The experiment lasted for 8 wk. The results showed that dietary SEC + SEY supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) triglyceride (in the plasma and liver) and total cholesterol levels (in the plasma), and increased (P < 0.05) HDL-C concentration in plasma compared to CON diet. Compared with CON diet, SEC and/or SEY supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression of hepatic ACC, FAS and HMGCR, and increased (P < 0.05) PPARα, VTG-II, Apo-VLDL II and ApoB expression. Dietary SEC + SEY and SEY supplementation increased (P < 0.05) Se content in egg yolk and breast muscle compared to CON diet. Dietary SEC, SEY or SEC + SEY supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the activity of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-PX, T-AOC and T-SOD) in the plasma and liver and decreased (P < 0.05) MDA content in the plasma compared to CON diet. Dietary Se supplementation promoted (P < 0.05) mRNA expression of Nrf2 in the liver. In contrast, dietary SEY and SEC supplementation resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) of hepatic Keap1 mRNA expression compared to CON diet. Dietary SEC + SEY and/or SEC supplementation increased (P < 0.05) mRNA expression of Selenof, GPX1 and GPX4 in the liver compared with CON diet. In conclusion, dietary SEC (0.3 mg/kg Se) or SEC (0.3 mg/kg Se) + SEY (0.3 mg/kg Se) improved the antioxidant capacity and the lipid metabolism in the liver of aged laying hens, which might be associated with regulating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.
Aging-related lipid metabolic disorder is related to oxidative stress. Selenium (Se)-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC) is known for its excellent antioxidant function. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of SEC on antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism in the liver of aged laying hens. A total of 450 sixty-five-wk-old Roman laying hens were randomly divided into 5 treatments: a basal diet (without Se supplementation, CON) and basal diets supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg Se from sodium selenite (SS), 0.3 mg/kg Se from Se-enriched yeast (SEY), 0.3 mg/kg Se from SEC (SEC), or 0.3 mg/kg Se from SEC and 0.3 mg/kg Se from SEY (SEC + SEY). The experiment lasted for 8 wk. The results showed that dietary SEC + SEY supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) triglyceride (in the plasma and liver) and total cholesterol levels (in the plasma), and increased (P < 0.05) HDL-C concentration in plasma compared to CON diet. Compared with CON diet, SEC and/or SEY supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression of hepatic ACC, FAS and HMGCR, and increased (P < 0.05) PPARα, VTG-II, Apo-VLDL II and ApoB expression. Dietary SEC + SEY and SEY supplementation increased (P < 0.05) Se content in egg yolk and breast muscle compared to CON diet. Dietary SEC, SEY or SEC + SEY supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the activity of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-PX, T-AOC and T-SOD) in the plasma and liver and decreased (P < 0.05) MDA content in the plasma compared to CON diet. Dietary Se supplementation promoted (P < 0.05) mRNA expression of Nrf2 in the liver. In contrast, dietary SEY and SEC supplementation resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) of hepatic Keap1 mRNA expression compared to CON diet. Dietary SEC + SEY and/or SEC supplementation increased (P < 0.05) mRNA expression of Selenof, GPX1 and GPX4 in the liver compared with CON diet. In conclusion, dietary SEC (0.3 mg/kg Se) or SEC (0.3 mg/kg Se) + SEY (0.3 mg/kg Se) improved the antioxidant capacity and the lipid metabolism in the liver of aged laying hens, which might be associated with regulating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.
摘要：
Acting as a growth regulator, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is an important phytohormone that can be produced by several Bacillus species. However, few studies have been published on the comprehensive evaluation of the strains for practical applications and the effects of selenium species on their IAA-producing ability. The present study showed the selenite reduction strain Bacillus altitudinis LH18, which is capable of producing selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at a high yield in a cost-effective manner. Bio-SeNPs were systematically characterized by using DLS, zeta potential, SEM, and FTIR. The results showed that these bio-SeNPs were small in particle size, homogeneously dispersed, and highly stable. Significantly, the IAA-producing ability of strain was differently affected under different selenium species. The addition of SeNPs and sodium selenite resulted in IAA contents of 221.7 µg/mL and 91.01 µg/mL, respectively, which were 3.23 and 1.33 times higher than that of the control. This study is the first to examine the influence of various selenium species on the IAA-producing capacity of Bacillus spp., providing a theoretical foundation for the enhancement of the IAA-production potential of microorganisms.
作者机构：
[Cheng, Shuiyuan; He, Yi; Zhu, Lisha; Dong, Xingxing; Long, Pengcheng; He, Y; Hu, Man] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Se Rich Agr Prod Proc, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Deep Proc Green Se Rich Agr Pro, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[He, Yi; Zhu, Lisha] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Food Sci & Engn, Key Lab Deep Proc Major Grain & Oil, Hubei Key Lab Proc & Transformat Agr Prod,Minist E, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Liling] Tarim Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Alar 843300, Peoples R China.;[Shao, Yanchun] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[He, Y ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Se Rich Agr Prod Proc, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Deep Proc Green Se Rich Agr Pro, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Monascus species are functional fermentation fungi with great potential for selenium (Se) supplementation. This study investigated the effects of Se bio-fortification on the growth, morphology, and biosynthesis of Monascus ruber M7. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the yield of orange and red Monascus pigments (MPs) in red yeast rice (RYR) by 38.52% and 36.57%, respectively, under 20μg/mL of selenite pressure. Meanwhile, the production of citrinin (CIT), a mycotoxin, decreased from 244.47μg/g to 175.01μg/g. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant upregulation of twelve genes involved in MPs biosynthesis, specifically MpigE, MpigF, and MpigN, and downregulation of four genes (mrr3, mrr4, mrr7, and mrr8) associated with CIT biosynthesis. Additionally, three genes encoding cysteine synthase cysK (Log(2)FC=1.6), methionine synthase metH (Log(2)FC=2.2), and methionyl-tRNA synthetase metG (Log(2)FC=1.8) in selenocompound metabolism showed significantly upregulated. These findings provide insights into Se biotransformation and metabolism in filamentous fungi.
摘要：
Oxidative stress occurs in the process of egg storage. Antioxidants as feed additives can enhance egg quality and extend the shelf life of eggs. Selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC) has strongly antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of dietary supplementation with SEC on egg quality and the yolk antioxidant capacity of eggs stored at 4 °C and 25 °C. Four hundred fifty 65-week-old, Roman hens that were similar in laying rate (90.79 ± 1.69%) and body weight (2.19 ± 0.23 kg) were divided into 5 groups. The birds were fed diets supplemented with 0 mg/kg selenium (Se) (CON), 0.3 mg/kg Se from sodium selenite (SS), 0.3 mg/kg Se from Se-enriched yeast (SEY), 0.3 mg/kg Se for selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC) or 0.3 mg/kg Se from Se-enriched Cardamine violifolia and 0.3 mg/kg Se from Se-enriched yeast (SEC + SEY) for 8 weeks. The eggs were collected on the 8th week and were analyzed for egg quality and oxidative stability of yolk during storage at 4 °C or 25 °C for 0, 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Dietary SEC and SEC + SEY supplementation increased the Haugh unit (HU) and albumen foam stability in eggs stored at 4 °C and 25 °C (p < 0.05). SS and SEC supplementation increased the yolk index in eggs stored at 25 °C (p < 0.05). SEC or SEC + SEY slowed down an increase in albumen pH and gel firmness in eggs stored at 4 °C and 25 °C (p < 0.05). Moreover, SEC or SEC + SEY alleviated the increase in malonaldehyde (MDA), and the decrease in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in yolks stored at 4 °C and 25 °C (p < 0.05). These results indicate that SEC mitigated egg quality loss and improved the antioxidant capacity of yolks during storage. SEC supplementation would be advantageous to extend the shelf life of eggs.
摘要：
pH-responsive intelligent films for food freshness monitoring have attracted great attentions recently. In this study, several intelligent films based on chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and grape skin anthocyanin (GSA) were prepared, and the effect of film-forming solution pH on the properties of intelligent films was investigated. The results of SEM , FTIR, XRD and TGA displayed that the hydrogen bond between CS and GSA was strong at strong acidic conditions (2.0–2.5), and it weakened at weak acidic conditions (3.0–4.5). Meanwhile, the hydrogen bond between PVA and GSA was negligible under strong acidic conditions, and it appeared under weak acidic conditions. Consequently, the films fabricated under weak acidic conditions displayed lower water solubility, lower water vapor permeability, and higher elongation at break. The tensile strength of films increased firstly and subsequently decreased with pH increasing, reaching a maximum value of 31.44 MPa at pH 3.5. Additionally, the films prepared at pH 2.5 and 4.0 showed the best color responsiveness to ammonia and acetic acid, respectively. Overall, the intelligent films prepared under variant pH have the potential to realize the goal of monitoring the freshness of different types of food, thereby expanding the application subject of anthocyanins-based intelligent films.
pH-responsive intelligent films for food freshness monitoring have attracted great attentions recently. In this study, several intelligent films based on chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and grape skin anthocyanin (GSA) were prepared, and the effect of film-forming solution pH on the properties of intelligent films was investigated. The results of SEM , FTIR, XRD and TGA displayed that the hydrogen bond between CS and GSA was strong at strong acidic conditions (2.0–2.5), and it weakened at weak acidic conditions (3.0–4.5). Meanwhile, the hydrogen bond between PVA and GSA was negligible under strong acidic conditions, and it appeared under weak acidic conditions. Consequently, the films fabricated under weak acidic conditions displayed lower water solubility, lower water vapor permeability, and higher elongation at break. The tensile strength of films increased firstly and subsequently decreased with pH increasing, reaching a maximum value of 31.44 MPa at pH 3.5. Additionally, the films prepared at pH 2.5 and 4.0 showed the best color responsiveness to ammonia and acetic acid, respectively. Overall, the intelligent films prepared under variant pH have the potential to realize the goal of monitoring the freshness of different types of food, thereby expanding the application subject of anthocyanins-based intelligent films.
摘要：
Cardamine violifolia is a significant Brassicaceae plant known for its high selenium (Se) accumulation capacity, serving as an essential source of Se for both humans and animals. WRKY transcription factors play crucial roles in plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses, including cadmium stress, iron deficiency, and Se tolerance. However, the molecular mechanism of CvWRKY in Se accumulation is not completely clear. In this study, 120 WRKYs with conserved domains were identified from C. violifolia and classified into three groups based on phylogenetic relationships, with Group II further subdivided into five subgroups. Gene structure analysis revealed WRKY variations and mutations within the CvWRKYs. Segmental duplication events were identified as the primary driving force behind the expansion of the CvWRKY family, with numerous stress-responsive cis-acting elements found in the promoters of CvWRKYs. Transcriptome analysis of plants treated with exogenous Se and determination of Se levels revealed a strong positive correlation between the expression levels of CvWRKY034 and the Se content. Moreover, CvWRKY021 and CvWRKY099 exhibited high homology with AtWRKY47, a gene involved in regulating Se accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. The WRKY domains of CvWRKY021 and AtWRKY47 were highly conserved, and transcriptome data analysis revealed that CvWRKY021 responded to Na2SeO4 induction, showing a positive correlation with the concentration of Na2SeO4 treatment. Under the induction of Na2SeO3, CvWRKY021 and CvWRKY034 were significantly upregulated in the roots but downregulated in the shoots, and the Se content in the roots increased significantly and was mainly concentrated in the roots. CvWRKY021 and CvWRKY034 may be involved in the accumulation of Se in roots. The results of this study elucidate the evolution of CvWRKYs in the C. violifolia genome and provide valuable resources for further understanding the functional characteristics of WRKYs related to Se hyperaccumulation in C. violifolia.
摘要：
Selenium (Se)-rich Cyclocarya paliurus is popular for its bioactive components, and exogenous Se fortification is the most effective means of enrichment. However, the effects of exogenous Se fortification on the nutritional quality of C. paliurus are not well known. To investigate the nutrient contents and antioxidant properties of C. paliurus following Se treatment, we used a foliar spray to apply Se in two forms-chemical nano-Se (Che-SeNPs) and sodium selenite (Na(2)SeO(3)). Sampling began 10 days after spraying and was conducted every 5 days until day 30. The Se, secondary metabolite, malondialdehyde contents, antioxidant enzyme activity, Se speciation, and Se-metabolism-related gene expression patterns were analyzed in the collected samples. Exogenous Se enhancement effectively increased the Se content of leaves, reaching a maximum on days 10 and 15 of sampling, while the contents of flavonoids, triterpenes, and polyphenols increased significantly during the same period. In addition, the application of Se significantly enhanced total antioxidant activity, especially the activity of the antioxidant enzyme peroxidase. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the alleviation of lipid peroxidation and Se content was observed, while methylselenocysteine formation was an effective means of alleviating Se stress. Finally, Na(2)SeO(3) exhibited better absorption and conversion efficiency than Che-SeNPs in C. paliurus.
摘要：
Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja is a rare, endemic tree species in China. The leaves of C. paliurus contain a high concentration of biologically active compounds, and they are often used to make herbal tea. Exogenous selenium (Se) enrichment can promote the levels of active ingredients in C. paliurus. To explore the effects of exogenous Se enrichment, this study applied different concentrations of sodium selenite solution on the leaves (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 300 mg/L) and measured the changes in Se, secondary metabolites, soluble sugar, soluble protein, starch, and trace elements in the leaves at different treatment times. The results showed that with the increase in the concentration of sodium selenite spray, the selenium content in the leaves of C. paliurus gradually increased, and high selenium concentrations could cause seedling burning to the leaf surface (>160 mg/kg). When the selenium treatment concentration was 80 mg/kg, the selenium content reached the maximum value of the selenium-rich tea standard (4 mg/kg). The content of polyphenols and most elements reached their maxima under the treatment of 40 mg/L Na2SeO3, except for Mg and Mn, which peaked at 300 mg/L. The content of soluble sugars (38.1 mg/g) and starch reached their maxima under relatively high selenium treatment concentrations, whereas soluble protein (10.63 mg/g) exhibited its maximum value in the control group. The optimal harvest time was mainly concentrated in the 10–20 day treatment period. The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of exogenous selenium application on the nutritional quality of C. paliurus leaves. The findings will provide guidance for the effective cultivation of selenium-enriched Poria cocos as a medicinal and health-promoting product.
摘要：
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters were crucial for various physiological processes like nutrition, development, and environmental interactions. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans, and its role in plants depends on applied dosage. ABC transporters are considered to participate in Se translocation in plants, but detailed studies in soybean are still lacking. We identified 196 ABC genes in soybean transcriptome under Se exposure using next-generation sequencing and single-molecule real-time sequencing technology. These proteins fell into eight subfamilies: 8 GmABCA, 51 GmABCB, 39 GmABCC, 5 GmABCD, 1 GmABCE, 10 GmABCF, 74 GmABCG, and 8 GmABCI, with amino acid length 121–3022 aa, molecular weight 13.50–341.04 kDa, and isoelectric point 4.06–9.82. We predicted a total of 15 motifs, some of which were specific to certain subfamilies (especially GmABCB, GmABCC, and GmABCG). We also found predicted alternative splicing in GmABCs : 60 events in selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs)-treated, 37 in sodium selenite (Na 2 SeO 3 )-treated samples. The GmABC genes showed differential expression in leaves and roots under different application of Se species and Se levels, most of which are belonged to GmABCB , GmABCC , and GmABCG subfamilies with functions in auxin transport , barrier formation, and detoxification. Protein-protein interaction and weighted gene co-expression network analysis suggested functional gene networks with hub ABC genes, contributing to our understanding of their biological functions . Our results illuminate the contributions of GmABC genes to Se accumulation and tolerance in soybean and provide insight for a better understanding of their roles in soybean as well as in other plants.
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters were crucial for various physiological processes like nutrition, development, and environmental interactions. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans, and its role in plants depends on applied dosage. ABC transporters are considered to participate in Se translocation in plants, but detailed studies in soybean are still lacking. We identified 196 ABC genes in soybean transcriptome under Se exposure using next-generation sequencing and single-molecule real-time sequencing technology. These proteins fell into eight subfamilies: 8 GmABCA, 51 GmABCB, 39 GmABCC, 5 GmABCD, 1 GmABCE, 10 GmABCF, 74 GmABCG, and 8 GmABCI, with amino acid length 121–3022 aa, molecular weight 13.50–341.04 kDa, and isoelectric point 4.06–9.82. We predicted a total of 15 motifs, some of which were specific to certain subfamilies (especially GmABCB, GmABCC, and GmABCG). We also found predicted alternative splicing in GmABCs : 60 events in selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs)-treated, 37 in sodium selenite (Na 2 SeO 3 )-treated samples. The GmABC genes showed differential expression in leaves and roots under different application of Se species and Se levels, most of which are belonged to GmABCB , GmABCC , and GmABCG subfamilies with functions in auxin transport , barrier formation, and detoxification. Protein-protein interaction and weighted gene co-expression network analysis suggested functional gene networks with hub ABC genes, contributing to our understanding of their biological functions . Our results illuminate the contributions of GmABC genes to Se accumulation and tolerance in soybean and provide insight for a better understanding of their roles in soybean as well as in other plants.
摘要：
Neuroinflammation, caused by abnormal activation of glial cells, plays an important role in nerve injury, which can lead to cognitive impairment. Consequently, regulating glial cell activation and subsequent generation of inflammatory mediators is valuable for the treatment of neuroinflammation-based brain diseases. Selenium (Se) and folic acid (FA) are two key nutritional supplements that have bioactivities associated with regulating neuroinflammatory responses, resisting oxidative stress, and preventing neuronal apoptosis in vivo. Based on this, we prepared multifunctional nanoparticles using octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)-modified starch (OSAS) to carry both Se and FA, with the aim to facilitate synergistic resistance of neuroinflammatory diseases. The FA-grafted OSAS molecules self-assembled into nanomicelles and functioned as nanocarriers to load selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) (a unique form of Se supplement) and form novel nanoparticles FA-OSAS-SeNPs with a protective shell of starch. Furthermore, the effect and mechanism of FA-OSAS-SeNPs on inflammatory responses were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglial cells and BALB/c mice. Our results showed that FA-OSAS-SeNPs ameliorated LPS-induced spatial learning and memory impairment. Furthermore, FA-OSAS-SeNPs significantly suppressed the activation of glial cells, the expression of oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the release of inflammatory factors. Moreover, FA-OSAS-SeNPs prominently alleviated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and LPS-induced overactivation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that FA-OSAS-SeNPs represent a promising candidate in alternative/supplementary medication or functional foods for treating inflammatory brain diseases.
Neuroinflammation, caused by abnormal activation of glial cells, plays an important role in nerve injury, which can lead to cognitive impairment. Consequently, regulating glial cell activation and subsequent generation of inflammatory mediators is valuable for the treatment of neuroinflammation-based brain diseases. Selenium (Se) and folic acid (FA) are two key nutritional supplements that have bioactivities associated with regulating neuroinflammatory responses, resisting oxidative stress, and preventing neuronal apoptosis in vivo. Based on this, we prepared multifunctional nanoparticles using octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)-modified starch (OSAS) to carry both Se and FA, with the aim to facilitate synergistic resistance of neuroinflammatory diseases. The FA-grafted OSAS molecules self-assembled into nanomicelles and functioned as nanocarriers to load selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) (a unique form of Se supplement) and form novel nanoparticles FA-OSAS-SeNPs with a protective shell of starch. Furthermore, the effect and mechanism of FA-OSAS-SeNPs on inflammatory responses were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglial cells and BALB/c mice. Our results showed that FA-OSAS-SeNPs ameliorated LPS-induced spatial learning and memory impairment. Furthermore, FA-OSAS-SeNPs significantly suppressed the activation of glial cells, the expression of oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the release of inflammatory factors. Moreover, FA-OSAS-SeNPs prominently alleviated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and LPS-induced overactivation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that FA-OSAS-SeNPs represent a promising candidate in alternative/supplementary medication or functional foods for treating inflammatory brain diseases.
