乳粉中氯丙醇脂肪酸酯的气相色谱-质谱检测方法的建立及其污染水平分析
作者：
李珊;苗虹;崔霞;赵云峰;吴永宁
期刊：
中华预防医学杂志 ,2015年49(6):554-559 ISSN：0253-9624
作者机构：
[李珊; 吴永宁] 武汉轻工大学食品科学与工程学院;卫生部食品安全风险评估重点实验室;[苗虹; 崔霞; 赵云峰] 国家食品安全风险评估中心理化实验部
关键词：
气相色谱-质谱法;婴儿;食品污染;氯丙醇脂肪酸酯;膳食暴露评估
摘要：
目的建立检测乳粉中氯丙醇脂肪酸酯(简称氯丙醇酯)的同位素稀释气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法,采用该方法分析婴幼儿乳粉中氯丙醇酯的污染水平及膳食暴露风险。方法于北京各大型超市分别采集婴幼儿乳粉共111份,以未检出氯丙醇酯的乳粉作为空白样品。样品经正己烷超声提取,以甲醇钠-甲醇溶液进行酯键断裂反应,用硅藻土小柱进行固相支持液液萃取净化,采用七氟丁酰基咪唑进行衍生化反应,衍生物经氯化钠溶液萃取后进行GC-MS测定,以氘代氯丙醇酯为内标进行内标法定量。采用空白样品的加标回收率评价方法的准确度,以回收率的相对标准偏差(RSD)代表方法的精密度。以婴幼儿乳粉中氯丙醇酯污染水平和6月龄婴幼儿乳粉消费量进行氯丙醇酯膳食暴露评估,分别以氯丙醇酯污染水平的平均值x~-(95%CI)和P_(97.5)反映一般婴幼儿群体和乳粉高消费量婴幼儿的膳食摄入水平。结果3-氯-1,2-丙二醇脂肪酸酯(3-MCPD酯)、2-氯-1,3-丙二醇脂肪酸酯(2-MCPD酯)、1,3-二氯-2-丙醇脂肪酸酯(1,3-DCP酯)和2,3-二氯-1-丙醇脂肪酸酯(2,3-DCP酯)标准曲线的相关系数分别为0.999 9、0.999 8、0.999 5、0.999 6,检出限分别为0.005、0.005、0.015、0.015 mg/kg,定量限分别为0.015、0.015、0.045和0.045 mg/kg。空白样品在0.025、0.050和0.100 mg/kg水平的加标回收率在80.3%~111.9%之间,RSD均小于11.4%。111份样品中,3-MCPD酯和2-MCPD酯的检出率分别为77.5% (86/11)、11.7% (13/111),含量范围分别为未检出(ND) ~0.230和 ND~0.039 mg/kg,x~-(95%CI)分别为0.020(0.003~0.113)和0.006(0.005~0.025) mg/kg,P_(97.5)分别为0.113 mg/kg和0.025 mg/kg;未检出1.3-DCP酯和2,3-DCP酯。6月龄婴儿对3-MCPD酯的膳食摄入量的x~- (95%CI)和P_(97.5)分别为0.304(0.038~1.735)和1.735 μg? kg~(-1)? d~(-1),分别占每日最大耐受摄入量(PMTDI,2 μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))的15.2%和86.7%。结论该GS-MS方法准确、可靠,适用于乳粉中氯丙醇酯的测定;婴幼儿摄入氯丙醇酯的健康风险在可接受范围内。
语种：
中文
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The mechanism study in the interactions of sorghum procyanidins trimer with porcine pancreatic α-amylase
作者：
Cai, Xin;Yu, Jianan;Xu, Liman;Liu, Rui* ;Yang, Jun
期刊：
Food Chemistry ,2015年174:291-298 ISSN：0308-8146
通讯作者：
Liu, Rui
作者机构：
[Liu, Rui; Xu, Liman; Cai, Xin; Yu, Jianan] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Rui; Cai, Xin; Yu, Jianan] Huazhong Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Environm Correlat Dietol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Jun] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Inst Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Rui] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, 1 Shizishan St, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Rui] H;Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, 1 Shizishan St, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Fluorescence quenching;Interaction of polyphenol and protein;Porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase (PPA);Protein secondary structure;Sorghum procyanidins trimer (SPT)
摘要：
To examine the mechanisms in the interaction of sorghum procyanidins trimer (SPT) with porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), fluorescence quenching, circular dichroism, and UV spectra methods were adopted. The procyanidins binding mode, binding constant and effect of procyanidins on protein stability and conformation were determined. The fluorescence spectroscopy results showed that the Stern-Volmer quenching constant KSV of SPT on PPA, bimolecular quenching constant kq, and apparent static quenching constant K were 2639.5 M-1, 2.6395 × 1011 M-1 s-1, and 495.19 M-1, respectively. In addition, binding constant KA and number of binding sites were 872.971 M-1 and 1, respectively. Circular dichroism study revealed that PPA conformation was altered by SPT with a major reduction of β-sheet, increase of β-turn, minor change of random coil. UV spectra indicated that SPT influenced the micro-environment of aromatic amino acid residues in PPA. These findings directly elucidate the mechanisms of high molecular weight SPT in interaction with PPA. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Synthesis and antifungal activity of 5-iodo-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives as pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E1 inhibitors
作者：
He, Jun-Bo;He, Hai-Feng;Zhao, Lu;Zhang, Li;You, Ge-Yun;...
期刊：
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry ,2015年23(7):1395-1401 ISSN：0968-0896
通讯作者：
Wan, Jian
作者机构：
[He, Hai-Feng; Zhao, Lu; He, Jun-Bo; He, Hong-Wu; Zhang, Li; Wan, Jian; You, Ge-Yun; Feng, Ling-Ling] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Chem, Minist Educ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[He, Jun-Bo] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[He, Jun-Bo] Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Proc Agr Prod, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wan, Jian] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Chem, Minist Educ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
5-Iodo-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole;Antifungal activity;Inhibitor;Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
摘要：
To identify new antifungal lead compound based on inhibitors of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E1, a series of 5-iodo-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives 3 were prepared and evaluated for their Escherichia coli PDHc-E1 inhibitory activity and antifungal activity. The in vitro bioassay for the PDHc-E1 inhibition indicated all the compounds exhibited significant inhibition against E. coli PDHc-E1 (IC50 < 21 mu M), special compound 3g showed the most potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 4.21 +/- 0.11 mu M) and was demonstrated to act as a competitive inhibitor of PDHc-E1. Meanwhile, inhibitor 3g exhibited very good enzyme-selective inhibition of PDHc-E1 between pig heart and E. coli. The assay of antifungal activity showed compounds 3e, 3g, and 3n exhibited fair to good activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Botrytis cinerea even at 12.5 mu g/mL. Especially compound 3n (EC50 = 5.4 mu g/mL; EC90 = 21.1 mu g/mL) exhibited almost 5.50 times inhibitory potency against B. cinerea than that of pyrimethanil (EC50 = 29.6 mu g/mL; EC90 = 113.4 mu g/mL). Therefore, in this study, compound 3n was found to be a novel lead compound for further optimization to find more potent antifungal compounds as microbial PDHc-E1 inhibitors. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of gardenia fruit oil with bioactive components and their identification and quantification by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS2
作者：
Cai, Xiaoshuang* ;Zhang, Rui;Guo, Ying;He, Jingren;Li, Shuyi;...
期刊：
FOOD & FUNCTION ,2015年6(7):2194-2204 ISSN：2042-6496
通讯作者：
Cai, Xiaoshuang
作者机构：
[Liu, Gang; Li, Shuyi; Guo, Ying; Zhu, Zhenzhou; Yang, Jun; Liu, Zhiwei; Zhang, Rui; Cai, Xiaoshuang; He, Jingren] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Gang; Liu, Zhiwei; He, Jingren] Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Proc Agr Prod, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[He, Jingren] Wuhan Polytech Univ Qual Cereals Oils & Foodstuff, Inspect & Test Ctr, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cai, Xiaoshuang] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Compounds in Fructus Gardeniae have been shown to possess a wide array of biological activities. However, Gardenia oil extracted from its fruit is less reported and its composition remains uncertain. To completely characterize lipophilic compounds in Gardenia oil, three conventional extraction (CE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) methods were investigated. The oil extraction yield obtained by UAE was 51.8% higher than that acquired by cold-pressed extraction (CPE). The fatty acid profile in UAE oil with different solvents was characterized by GC-MS. Petroleum ether was observed to be an ideal solvent with 8.59% extraction yield and 78.88% recovery rate and with a ratio of 3.11 of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids. Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was applied to optimize conditions in UEA of oil to maximize extraction yield. Furthermore, the bioactive components in oil extracted by UAE were qualitatively identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS2 and HPLC-DAD analysis. The eight compounds in Gardenia oil, including geniposide, trans/cis-crocin-1, crocin-2, crocin-3, crocin-4, and trans/cis-crocetin, were structurally revealed. The corresponding transfer rates of the bioactive components showed that the lipophilic trans/cis-crocetin could be completely transferred from fruit to oil, with the highest concentration of 11.38 μg g-1 oil among all compounds quantified. These findings could deliver potential application to a large-scale production of functional Gardenia oil whose bioactive components possess health benefits. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015.
语种：
英文
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Kafirin Nanoparticle-Stabilized Pickering Emulsions as Oral Delivery Vehicles: Physicochemical Stability and in Vitro Digestion Profile
作者：
Xiao, Jie;Lo, Chao;Huang, Qingrong*
期刊：
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY ,2015年63(47):10263-10270 ISSN：0021-8561
通讯作者：
Huang, Qingrong
作者机构：
[Xiao, Jie; Huang, Qingrong] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.;[Lo, Chao] S China Univ Technol, Coll Light Ind & Food Sci, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Qingrong] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Qingrong] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, 65 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Qingrong] R;Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, 65 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
关键词：
Pickering emulsion;kafirin;curcumin;encapsulation;lipid oxidation;in vitro digestion
摘要：
Kafirin nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsions (KPEs) were used to encapsulate curcumin. The stability of KPEs under processing conditions and their protective effects against photo-oxidation of curcumin and lipid oxidation of oil in emulsions, as well as the digestion profiles in gastrointestinal tract, were investigated. KPEs were found to be more stable under acidic than basic environment, and elevated temperature induced their structural instability. The protective effect of KPEs on the chemical stability of curcumin was manifested when subjected to UV radiation as compared to other comparable formulations, such as bulk oil or Tween 80 stabilized emulsions (TEs). Meanwhile, the lipid oxidation rate was retarded in KPEs as compared to those of TEs. Due to hydrolysis of pepsin, KPEs could not survive through the gastric digestion process. After the intestinal digestion process, the extent of lipolysis of KPEs and the curcumin bioaccessibility fell between those of TEs and bulk oil. These results will fill the gap between the physicochemical properties of protein particle-based Pickering emulsions and their realistic applications in the oral delivery of functional food ingredients.<br/> ©2015 American Chemical Society.
语种：
英文
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Preparation and toxicological evaluation of methyl pyranoanthocyanin
作者：
Zhu, Zhenzhou;Wu, Nao;Kuang, Minjie;Lamikanra, Olusola;Liu, Gang;...
期刊：
Food and Chemical Toxicology ,2015年83:125-132 ISSN：0278-6915
通讯作者：
He, Jingren
作者机构：
[Liu, Gang; Li, Shuyi; Zhu, Zhenzhou; Kuang, Minjie; Lamikanra, Olusola; Wu, Nao; He, Jingren] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[He, Jingren] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cytoprotective effect;Methyl pyranoanthocyanin;Acute toxicity;HPLC-MS
摘要：
Anthocyanins are increasingly valued in the food industry for their functional properties and as food colorants. The broadness of their applications has, however, been limited by the lack of stability of these natural pigment extracts in a number of food systems. The potential application of pyranoanthocyanins, anthocyanin derivatives with better stability conferred by the added pyran ring, as a food ingredient was determined. Methylpyranoanthocyanin (MPA) was prepared from reaction of acetone and anthocyanin extracts from red grapes. Reaction products were sequentially purified with polyamide resin, TSK gel resin and semi-preparative HPLC to a purity level >98%. Cytoprotective influence tests of the purified MPA indicated its significant protective effect against H2O2 induced MRC-5 cell damage. Results of evaluations of possible acute toxicity effects on MPA-fed mice, including macro and microscopic assessments, support the conclusion of a non-toxic effect of MPA, and its potential safe use as a food additive. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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基于激光近红外的稻米油掺伪定性-定量分析
作者：
Tu Bin;Song Zhi-qiang;Zheng Xiao* ;Zeng Lu-lu;Yin Cheng;...
期刊：
光谱学与光谱分析 ,2015年35(6):1539-1545 ISSN：1000-0593
通讯作者：
Zheng Xiao
作者机构：
[Zeng Lu-lu; Yin Cheng; Zheng Xiao; Tu Bin; Song Zhi-qiang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[He Dong-ping] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Qi Pei-shi] Pashun Grp, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zheng Xiao] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
稻米油;近红外光谱技术;定性-定量;特征波长;偏最小二乘法;支持向量机
摘要：
该文主要研究激光近红外光谱分析技术结合化学计量学方法对稻米油掺伪进行定性-定量分析。 分别将大豆油、 玉米油、 菜籽油、 餐饮废弃油掺入稻米油中, 按照不同质量比配置189个掺伪油样, 利用激光近红外光谱仪采集光谱; 对采集的稻米油掺伪图谱数据进行多元散射校正(MSC)、 正交信号校正(OSC)、 标准正态变量变换和去趋势技术联用算法(SNV_DT)三种不同预处理并与原始数据进行比较。 采用连续投影算法(SPA)对经过预处理的光谱数据进行特征波长提取, 应用支持向量机分类(SVC)方法建立稻米油掺伪样品的定性分类校正模型, 选择网格搜索算法对模型参数组合(C, g)进行寻优, 确定最优参数组合。 另采用后向间隔偏最小二乘法(BiPLS)和SPA对预处理后的光谱数据进行特征波长提取, 分别应用偏最小二乘法(PLS)和支持向量机回归(SVR)建立掺伪油含量的定量校正模型, 并选用网格搜索算法对SVR模型参数组合(C, g)进行寻优, 建立最优参数模型。 研究表明, 建立的SVC模型预测集和校正集的准确率分别达到了95%和100%;对比SVR和PLS方法建立的数学模型对稻米油中掺杂油脂的含量的预测, 两种方法均能够实现含量预测, SVR模型的预测能力更好, 相关系数R高于0.99, 均方根误差(MSE)低于5.55×10~(-4), 预测精度高。 结果表明, 采用激光近红外光谱分析技术可以实现稻米油掺伪的定性-定量分析, 同时为其他油脂的掺伪分析提供了方法。
语种：
中文
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Effect of heat treatment on the enzymatic stability of grass carp skin collagen and its ability to form fibrils in vitro
作者：
Yang, Huan;Wang, Haibo* ;Zhao, Yan;Wang, Haiyin;Zhang, Hanjun
期刊：
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ,2015年95(2):329-336 ISSN：0022-5142
通讯作者：
Wang, Haibo
作者机构：
[Wang, Haibo; Yang, Huan; Zhao, Yan] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Hanjun; Wang, Haibo] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Haiyin] Huzhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Haibo] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
collagen;grass carp;heat treatment;self-assembly;enzymatic stability
摘要：
Background: The molecular configuration, molecular weight distribution and thermal transition enthalpy (ΔH) of grass carp skin (GCS) collagens after heat treatment under different conditions were measured using circular dichroism, gel filtration chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The enzymatic stability of collagen was evaluated using different enzymes, while the ability to form fibrils in vitro was assessed by morphological observation of collagen fibrils and turbidity testing. Results: The ΔH values, in-solution molecular aggregation and the stability to enzymatic hydrolysis of GCS collagen decreased irreversibly and progressively with the duration of heat treatment at 33 °C, which was the onset endothermic temperature obtained from the DSC curve. A strong positive linear correlation between the enzymatic sensitivity of collagen and the degree of thermal denaturation was found. A decrease in fibril diameter and D-periodicity length with denaturation could also be observed in the SEM and TEM images. CONCLUSION: The onset endothermic temperature (T o ) rather than the denaturation temperature (T d ) is the threshold temperature for configurational stability of GCS collagen in acidic solution, and the biological properties would obviously change if the collagen was heat treated at this temperature. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
语种：
英文
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Yeast mannoproteins improve thermal stability of anthocyanins at pH 7.0
作者：
Wu, Jine;Guan, Yongguang;Zhong, Qixin*
期刊：
Food Chemistry ,2015年172:121-128 ISSN：0308-8146
通讯作者：
Zhong, Qixin
作者机构：
[Wu, Jine] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Proc Agr Prod, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Yongguang; Wu, Jine; Zhong, Qixin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.;[Zhong, Qixin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 2510 River Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
通讯机构：
[Zhong, Qixin] U;Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 2510 River Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
关键词：
Anthocyanins;Antioxidant capacity;Complex formation;Mannoproteins;Thermal stability
摘要：
Anthocyanins are food colourants with strong antioxidant activities, but poor thermal stability limits their application in neutral foods. In the present study, impacts of yeast mannoproteins on the thermal stability of anthocyanins were studied at pH 7.0. The degradation of anthocyanins at 80 and 126°C followed first order kinetics, and the addition of mannoproteins reduced the degradation rate constant and increased the half-life by 4 to 5-fold. After heating at 80 and 126°C for 30 min, mannoproteins improved the colour stability of anthocyanins by 4 to 5-fold and maintained the antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins. Visible light absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, and zeta-potential results suggest that anthocyanins bound with the protein moiety of mannoproteins by hydrophobic interactions, and that the inclusion of anthocyanins in complexes effectively reduced the thermal degradation at pH 7.0. Therefore, mannoproteins may expand the application of anthocyanins as natural colours or functional ingredients. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Development of a sigDE-based real-time reverse-transcriptase pcr for the detection of viable salmonella enterica
作者：
Zhou, Min;Yang, Jielin;Zhou, Xiujuan;Liu, Bin;Liu, Daixin;...
期刊：
FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE ,2014年11(7):537-544 ISSN：1535-3141
通讯作者：
Shi, Xianming
作者机构：
[Liu, Bin; Zhou, Min; Zhou, Xiujuan; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Bin; Zhou, Min; Zhou, Xiujuan; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Microbial Metab, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Chengang; Pan, Liangwen; He, Yuping; Yang, Jielin] Shanghai Entry Exit Inspect & Quarantine Bur, Shanghai, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Min] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Daixin] Shanghai ProMega Trading Co Ltd, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shi, Xianming] S;Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Microbial Metab, Sch Agr & Biol, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, 800 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Polymerase chain reaction;Salmonella
摘要：
Salmonella is the most common cause of bacterial food poisoning in humans worldwide. Thus, rapid and reliable methods for the detection of this pathogen are required. Real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-RT-PCR), which detects the presence of mRNA (shorter half-life than DNA) has shown great potential for detecting viable pathogens. We recently identified a few new potential specific DNA sequences for Salmonella enterica using a comparative genomics method (Chen et al., 2010). In the present study, we examined the expression of the Salmonella-specific sigDE operon (encoding invasion proteins within the pathogenicity island 5) under typical growth conditions to determine whether sigDE could be a useful viability marker for the bacterium. We then assayed sigDE mRNA from cells heat-treated at 60°C, 100°C, and 121°C (autoclaved), and found that mRNA was degraded in autoclaved bacterial samples. These results showed that the sigDE transcript is a suitable mRNA target for rt-RT-PCR with samples pretreated at 121°C. Thus, an rt-RT-PCR using sigDE primers was developed for the detection of viable Salmonella. An RNA internal amplification control was constructed by overlap extension PCR, synthesized using in vitro transcription with a T7 RNA polymerase promoter, and incorporated into the rt-RT-PCR system to eliminate false-negative results. The rt-RT-PCR system has the capability of specifically detecting all the tested S. enterica serovars, and the detection limit of this assay with cultures of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 13311 was 101 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL. After 18-h enrichment, sigDE-based rt-RT-PCR could detect as low as 10 CFU/mL of Salmonella from egg broth and milk. © 2014 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
语种：
英文
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The design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel thiamin diphosphate analog inhibitors against the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex E1 from Escherichia coli
作者：
Feng, Lingling;He, Junbo;He, Haifeng;Zhao, Lulu;Deng, Lingfu;...
期刊：
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry ,2014年12(44):8911-8918 ISSN：1477-0520
通讯作者：
Wan, Jian
作者机构：
[He, Hongwu; He, Junbo; Zhao, Lulu; He, Haifeng; Zhang, Li; Wan, Jian; Ren, Yanliang; Zhang, Lin; Feng, Lingling] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol CCNU, Minist Educ, Coll Chem, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[He, Junbo] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Lingfu] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wan, Jian] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol CCNU, Minist Educ, Coll Chem, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
design;synthesis and biological;novel thiamin diphosphate;Escherichia coli
摘要：
Pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex E1 (PDHc E1) is a potential target enzyme when looking for inhibitors to combat microbial disease. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel thiamin diphosphate (ThDP) analogs with triazole ring and oxime ether moieties as potential inhibitors of PDHc E1. Their inhibitory activities against PDHc E1 were examined both in vitro and in vivo. Most of the tested compounds exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against PDHc E1 (IC<inf>50</inf> = 6.1-75.5 μM). The potent inhibitors 4g, 4h and 4j, had strong inhibitory activities with IC<inf>50</inf> values of 6.7, 6.9 and 6.1 μM against PDHc E1 in vitro and with inhibition rates of 35%, 50% and 33% at 100 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> against Gibberella zeae in vivo, respectively. The binding mode of 4j to PDHc E1 was analyzed by a molecular docking method. Furthermore, the possible interactions of the important residues of PDHc E1 with compound 4j were examined by site-directed mutagenesis, enzymatic assays and spectral fluorescence studies. The theoretical and experimental results are in good agreement and suggest that compound 4j could be used as a lead compound for further optimization, and may have potential as a new microbicide. This journal is ©the Partner Organisations 2014.
语种：
英文
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Design, synthesis and molecular docking of amide and urea derivatives as Escherichia coli PDHc-E1 inhibitors
作者：
He, Jun-Bo;Ren, Yan-Liang;Sun, Qiu-Shuang;You, Ge-Yun;Zhang, Li;...
期刊：
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry ,2014年22(12):3180-3186 ISSN：0968-0896
通讯作者：
Wan, Jian
作者机构：
[Wan, Jian] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol CCNU, Minist Educ, Dept Chem, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wan, Jian] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol CCNU, Minist Educ, Dept Chem, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Amide and urea derivatives;Molecular docking;PDHc-E1 inhibitors
摘要：
By targeting the ThDP binding site of Escherichia coli PDHc-E1, two new 'open-chain' classes of E. coli PDHc-E1 inhibitors, amide and urea derivatives, were designed, synthesized, and evaluated. The amide derivatives of compound 6d, with 4-NO2 in the benzene ring, showed the most potent inhibition of E. coli PDHc-E1. The urea derivatives displayed more potent inhibitory activity than the corresponding amide derivatives with the same substituent. Molecular docking studies confirmed that the urea derivatives have more potency due to the two hydrogen bonds formed by two NH of urea with Glu522. The docking results also indicate it might help us to design more efficient PDHc-E1 inhibitors that could interact with Glu522. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Effects of Drying Methods on Physicochemical and Immunomodulatory Properties of Polysaccharide-Protein Complexes from Litchi Pulp
作者：
Huang, Fei;Guo, Yajuan;Zhang, Ruifen;Yi, Yang;Deng, Yuanyuan;...
期刊：
Molecules ,2014年19(8):12760-12776 ISSN：1420-3049
通讯作者：
Zhang, Mingwei
作者机构：
[Huang, Fei; Guo, Yajuan; Su, Dongxiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Yuanyuan; Huang, Fei; Guo, Yajuan; Zhang, Ruifen; Su, Dongxiao; Zhang, Mingwei] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Sericultural & Agri Food Res Inst, Guangzhou 510610, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Yi, Yang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Mingwei] G;Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Sericultural & Agri Food Res Inst, Guangzhou 510610, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
关键词：
litchi pulp;polysaccharides;drying method;immunomodulatory activity
摘要：
Dried litchi pulp has been used in traditional remedies in China for many years to treat various diseases, and the therapeutic activity has been, at least partly, attributed to the presence of bioactive polysaccharides. Polysaccharide-protein complexes from vacuum freeze-(VF), vacuum microwave-(VM) and heat pump (HP) dried litchi pulp, which were coded as LP-VF, LP-VM and LP-HP, were comparatively studied on the physicochemical and immunomodulatory properties. LP-HP had a predominance of galactose, while glucose was the major sugar component in LP-VF and LP-VM. Compared with LP-VF and LP-VM, LP-HP contained more aspartate and glutamic in binding protein. LP-HP also exhibited a stronger stimulatory effect on splenocyte proliferation at 200 mu g/mL and triggered higher NO, TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion from RAW264.7 macrophages. Different drying methods caused the difference in physicochemical properties of polysaccharide-protein complexes from dried litchi pulp, which resulted in significantly different immunomodulatory activity. HP drying appears to be the best method for preparing litchi pulp to improve its immunomodulatory properties.
语种：
英文
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Antioxidant and antigenotoxic activity of bioactive extracts from corn tassel
作者：
Wang, Li-chun;Yu, Ya-qin;Fang, Min;Zhan, Cai-gui;Pan, Hong-yan;...
期刊：
当代医学科学 ,2014年34(1):131-136 ISSN：2096-5230
通讯作者：
Gong, Zhi-yong
作者机构：
[Wu, Yong-ning; Zhan, Cai-gui; Wang, Li-chun; Yu, Ya-qin; Pan, Hong-yan; Gong, Zhi-yong; Fang, Min] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Inst Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gong, Zhi-yong] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Inst Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
corn tassel;antioxidant activity;antigenotoxicity activity;extraction;Ames test;3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide
摘要：
Summary: This study is designed to evaluate antioxidant and antigenotoxic activities of corn tassel extracts (CTTs). The major bioactive components of CTTs include flavonoid, saponin and polysaccharide. The antioxidant properties of the three bioactive components of CTTs were investigated by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Property (FRAP) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The activities of the extracts were determined by assessing the inhibition of mutagenicity of the direct-acting mutagen fenaminosulf, sodium azide, and indirect-acting mutagen 2-aminofluorene using the Ames test (strains TA98 and TA100). The results showed that the extraction rates of flavonoid, saponin, and polysaccharide from the dried corn tassels were 1.67%, 2.41% and 4.76% respectively. DPPH and FRAP assay strongly demonstrated that CTTs had antioxidant properties. CTTs at doses of 625, 1250 and 2500 μg per plate reduced 2-aminofluorene mutagenicity by 12.52%, 28.76% and 36.49% in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strain assay respectively and by 10.98%, 25.27% and 37.83%, at the same doses in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 assay system, respectively. 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that the different concentrations of CTTs inhibited the proliferation of MGC80-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). It is concluded that these integrated approaches to antioxidant and antigenotoxicity assessment may be useful to study corn tassel as a natural herbal material. © 2014 Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
语种：
英文
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Novel development and characterisation of dietary fibre from yellow soybean hulls
作者：
Yang, Jun* ;Xiao, Anhong;Wang, Chunwei
期刊：
Food Chemistry ,2014年161:367-375 ISSN：0308-8146
通讯作者：
Yang, Jun
作者机构：
[Yang, Jun] Frito Lay R&D, Plano, TX 75024 USA.;[Xiao, Anhong; Wang, Chunwei] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Jun] Frito Lay R&D, 7701 Legacy Dr, Plano, TX 75024 USA.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Jun] F;Frito Lay R&D, 7701 Legacy Dr, Plano, TX 75024 USA.
关键词：
Acid-base digestion/hydrolysis;Colour;Insoluble dietary fibre (IDF);Soluble dietary fibre (SDF);Total dietary fibre (TDF);Yellow soybean hull
摘要：
Dietary fibres (DFs) from yellow soybean hulls (Glycine max) were developed by mimicking pH in the human digestive system. Using both traditional AOAC991.43 and newly developed AOAC2011.25 methods, DFs were quantified, and their physicochemical properties were characterised by determining colour, particle size, water absorption and solubility capacity. Viscoelastic properties of the fibres with whole wheat flours were evaluated using dynamic rheological measurements. The results showed that colour of lightness (L value) was significantly improved (p < 0.05). The levels of soluble, insoluble, and total dietary fibres determined by 2011.25 were 2.6 ± 0.7%, 85.9 ± 0.4%, and 88.5 ± 0.8% (as is), respectively. There was an approximately 50% increase of total dietary fibre in the treatment, which reached 98.6 ± 0.8% (dry basis). The results clearly indicated that acid-base hydrolysis and autoclaving processes in yellow soybean hulls could significantly boost total dietary fibre content, which has potential application in snacks. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Lactobacillus casei-01 Facilitates the Ameliorative Effects of Proanthocyanidins Extracted from Lotus Seedpod on Learning and Memory Impairment in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia Mice
作者：
Xiao, Juan;Li, Shuyi;Sui, Yong;Wu, Qian;Li, Xiaopeng;...
期刊：
PLOS ONE ,2014年9(11):e112773 ISSN：1932-6203
通讯作者：
Sun, Zhida
作者机构：
[Xiao, Juan; Zhang, Mingwei] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Guangdong Key Lab Agr Prod Proc, Minist Agr, Key Lab Funct Foods,Sericultural & Agrifood Res I, Guangzhou 510610, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Sui, Yong; Sun, Zhida; Xie, Bijun; Wu, Qian; Li, Xiaopeng] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Shuyi] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Zhida] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, 1 Shizishan St, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Sun, Zhida] H;Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, 1 Shizishan St, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Antioxidants;Colon;Brain damage;Oxidative damage;Lactobacillus;Cognitive impairment;Learning and memory;Memory
摘要：
Learning and memory abilities are associated with alterations in gut function. The two-way proanthocyanidins-microbiota interaction in vivo enhances the physiological activities of proanthocyanidins and promotes the regulation of gut function. Proanthocyanidins extracted from lotus seedpod (LSPC) have shown the memory-enhancing ability. However, there has been no literature about whether Lactobacillus casei-01 (LC) enhances the ameliorative effects of LSPC on learning and memory abilities. In this study, learning and memory abilities of scopolamine-induced amnesia mice were evaluated by Y-maze test after 20-day administration of LC (109 cfu/kg body weight (BW)), LSPC (low dose was 60 mg/kg BW (L-LSPC) and high dose was 90 mg/kg BW (H-LSPC)), or LSPC and LC combinations (L-LSPC+LC and H-LSPC+LC). Alterations in antioxidant defense ability and oxidative damage of brain, serum and colon, and brain cholinergic system were investigated as the possible mechanisms. As a result, the error times of H-LSPC+LC group were reduced by 41.59% and 68.75% relative to those of H-LSPC and LC groups respectively. LSPC and LC combinations ameliorated scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) level, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total superoxide dismutase (TSOD) activities of brain, serum and colon, suppressing malondialdehyde (MDA) level of brain, serum and colon, and inhibiting brain acetylcholinesterase (AchE), myeloperoxidase, total nitric oxide synthase and neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activities, and nNOS mRNA level. Moreover, LC facilitated the ameliorative effects of H-LSPC on GSH-Px activity of colon, TAOC level, GSH-Px activity and ratio of T-SOD to MDA of brain and serum, and the inhibitory effects of H-LSPC on serum MDA level, brain nNOS mRNA level and AchE activity. These results indicated that LC promoted the memory-enhancing effect of LSPC in scopolamine-induced amnesia mice. © 2014 Xiao et al.
语种：
英文
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Total mercury in milled rice and brown rice from China and health risk evaluation
作者：
Zhang, Hongxia;Wang, Dongmei;Zhang, Jialing;Shang, Xiaohong* ;Zhao, Yunfeng;...
期刊：
FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE ,2014年7(2):141-146 ISSN：1939-3210
通讯作者：
Shang, Xiaohong
作者机构：
[Zhang, Hongxia; Wang, Dongmei; Wu, Yongning; Zhao, Yunfeng; Shang, Xiaohong] China Natl Ctr Food Safety & Risk Assessment, Key Lab Food Safety Risk Assessment, Minist Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Hongxia; Zhang, Jialing] Shanxi Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Taiyuan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Dongmei] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shang, Xiaohong] C;China Natl Ctr Food Safety & Risk Assessment, Key Lab Food Safety Risk Assessment, Minist Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China.
关键词：
milled rice;brown rice;total mercury;dietary intake;health risk;China
摘要：
Total mercury (THg) levels in 440 pairs of milled rice samples and brown rice samples from 15 major rice grain-producing provinces of China were measured and the associated health risk via rice consumption for different age categories of Chinese population was also assessed. THg contents were measured by a direct mercury analyser and the limit of detection (LOD) was 1.5 μg kg-1. The THg levels for milled rice samples and brown rice samples varied from non-detected to 17.8 μg kg-1 and 1.5 to 25.4 μg kg-1, respectively, with a mean level of 3.4 μg kg-1 and 4.9 μg kg-1, respectively. The THg levels in all milled and brown rice samples were generally low, except three brown rice samples having concentrations above the legally set value for cereals (20 μg kg-1 Hg). THg intakes for different age categories were estimated according to THg content and corresponding rice consumption and the associated health risk was evaluated by the corresponding provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) for THg (5.0 μg kg-1 bw week-1), which was established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The 50th percentile of the THg intakes via milled rice and brown rice consumption for different age categories was in the range 0.09-0.19 μg kg-1 bw week-1 and 0.14-0.27 μg kg-1 bw week-1, respectively, well below the PTWI, suggesting that the associated health risk is relatively low. However, the 99.9th percentile of the THg intakes for 2-4-year-old children amounted up to 20.6% of the PTWI (milled rice) and 29.5% of the PTWI (brown rice), which deserves attention. © 2014 © 2014 Taylor & Francis.
语种：
英文
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A Significant Inhibitory Effect on Advanced Glycation End Product Formation by Catechin as the Major Metabolite of Lotus Seedpod Oligomeric Procyanidins
作者：
Wu, Qian;Li, Shuyi;Li, Xiaopeng;Fu, Xiaoyan;Sui, Yong;...
期刊：
Nutrients ,2014年6(8):3230-3244 ISSN：2072-6643
通讯作者：
Sun, Zhida
作者机构：
[Sui, Yong; Sun, Zhida; Xie, Bijun; Guo, Tingting; Wu, Qian; Li, Xiaopeng] Huazhong Agr Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Nat Prod Lab, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Shuyi] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Xiaoyan] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Food & Biol Sci & Technol, Chutian Coll, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Sun, Zhida] H;Huazhong Agr Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Nat Prod Lab, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
advanced glycation end products (AGEs);lotus seedpod oligomeric procyanidins (LSOPC);metabolites;carbonyl;antioxidant
摘要：
Several lines of evidence suggested that B-type procyanidin oligomers from lotus seedpod (LSOPC) may effectively modulate the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In vivo, LSOPC is metabolized by intestinal flora to become various kinds of phenolic compounds that possess potent antioxidant activities. However, few reports of the absorption and metabolism of LSOPC have been revealed. In the present study, rats were orally administered with LSOPC at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight. The metabolites of LSOPC in urine were elucidated by HPLC-MS/MS analysis 24 h post-administration. Eight major metabolites were significantly increased by the administration of 300 mg/kg of LSOPC (p < 0.01). The anti-glycative activity of LSOPC and its metabolites were investigated. The results showed that LSOPC and catechin had greater anti-glycative activities than other metabolites, which were positively correlated to their carbonyl scavenging activities and antioxidant capacities.
语种：
英文
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多糖的药代动力学研究进展
作者：
易阳;王宏勋;何静仁
期刊：
药学学报 ,2014年49(4):443-449 ISSN：0513-4870
通讯作者：
Yi, Y.
作者机构：
武汉轻工大学食品科学与工程学院,湖北武汉,430023
通讯机构：
College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, China
关键词：
多糖;药代动力学;检测
摘要：
药代动力学分析在天然活性产物研究领域方兴未艾,但多糖的相关研究却较为薄弱。综述近年来涉及多糖药代动力学的研究文献,归纳色谱法、同位素标记法、分光光度法、荧光光度法和生物测定法在多糖药代动力学分析中的应用,表征多糖在实验动物体内的吸收、分布、降解和排泄行为,探讨其理化特征、给药剂量及方式对药代动力学特征的影响,以期为相关研究提供参考。
语种：
中文
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Characterization and biodistribution in vivo of quercetin-loaded cationic nanostructured lipid carriers
作者：
Liu, Liang;Tang, Yuhan;Gao, Chao;Li, Yanyan;Chen, Shaodan;...
期刊：
Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces ,2014年115:125-131 ISSN：0927-7765
通讯作者：
Yao, Ping
作者机构：
[Chen, Shaodan; Yao, Ping; Gao, Chao; Li, Yanyan; Xiong, Ting; Tang, Yuhan; Liu, Liegang; Liu, Liang; Du, Min; Li, Juan] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Hubei Key Lab Food Nutr & Safety,Dept Nutr & Food, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Shaodan; Yao, Ping; Gao, Chao; Li, Yanyan; Xiong, Ting; Tang, Yuhan; Liu, Liegang; Liu, Liang; Du, Min; Li, Juan] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Key Lab Environm & Hlth,Minist Educ, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Zhiyong; Liu, Liang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Hong] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Oil Crops Res, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China.;[Yao, Ping] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Hubei Key Lab Food Nutr & Safety,Dept Nutr & Food, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yao, Ping] H;Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Hubei Key Lab Food Nutr & Safety,Dept Nutr & Food, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Biodistribution;Cationic nanostructured lipid carriers;Quercetin
摘要：
Nanobiotechnology has been recently viewed as a promising strategy to improve therapy efficacy by promoting the accumulation of hydrophobic bioactive compounds in tissues. The aim of present study was to formulate a novel quercetin-loaded cationic nanostructured lipid carriers (QR-CNLC) and to evaluate its biodistribution in vivo after oral administration. QR-CNLC were prepared by emulsifying at high temperature and subsequent solidifying at low temperature using various functional ingredients, and its characteristics, including physical index, release profile in vitro, and tissue distribution in vivo, were investigated. The results demonstrated that QR-CNLC exhibited an average particle size 126.6nm, a zeta potential of 40.5mV and 89.3% entrapment efficiency. QR-CNLC performed slower release compared with quercetin solution in vitro. QR-CNLC showed higher AUC (area under tissue concentration-time curve) value and higher Cmax value in lung, liver and kidney compared with control group. The value of relative intake rate (re) for lung, liver and kidney was 1.57, 1.51 and 1.68, respectively, which revealed that quercetin can be significantly accumulated in lung, kidney and liver after oral administration of QR-CNLC compared with quercetin suspension. In conclusion, cationic nanostructured lipid carriers may be an attractive nanocarrier system for oral delivery of hydrophobic functional components. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
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英文
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