摘要：
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim</jats:title><jats:p>To identify the intention of Chinese pregnant women to undertake physical activity (PA) using the theory of planned behaviour.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p>A cross‐sectional survey.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>From April – October 2017, a cross‐sectional questionnaire was completed by 746 pregnant women from the Health Birth Cohort in Wuhan, China. The theory of planned behaviour variables as well as sociodemographic characteristics was recorded, and the Pregnancy PA Questionnaire was together used to assess their PA during pregnancy.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Only 11.3% of the women met the international guideline. The intention to undertake PA was found it to be positive in 63.9% of pregnant women. Structural equation modelling analysis revealed that behavioural attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control (PBC) influenced PA by directly influencing the behaviour intention. Both behavioural attitude and subjective norms influenced PA by indirectly affecting the behaviour. Overall, the model described 60% variance of the behavioural intention to undertake PA during pregnancy.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>PBC was confirmed to be a prominent factor in determining behavioural intention to undertake PA during pregnancy. Pregnant women should be helped and appropriately guided by health providers to overcome barriers to PA.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Effect</jats:title><jats:p>This study investigates the effect of perceived behavioural control (PBC) on the intention to undertake physical activity (PA). The findings suggest that nurses’ and midwives’ attention should be focused on how to promote the improvement of perceived behavioural control ability of pregnant women to improve pregnant women's PA intention. The attitude of pregnant women on taking up PA and their ability to control behaviours can be improved with support from family or healthcare providers.</jats:p></jats:sec>
摘要：
The prevalence of, and related factors to, stress urinary incontinence (SUI) among perimenopausal Chinese women and its impact on daily life among those women with sexual desire problem in Hubei province were investigated. In this study, 1519 perimenopausal women aged 40 to 65 years were selected from three urban communities in the Wuhan area, and two impoverished, mountainous communities in Hubei province, and followed from April to October 2014. Detailed information about demographic characteristics, menstruation, pregnancy, sexual life and chronic diseases was collected. A cross-sectional survey was carried out following information collection by Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the potential factors associated with developing SUI were old age (OR=3.4, 95% CI: 1.92–6.04), vaginal delivery (OR=0.623, 95% CI: 0.45–0.87), low income (OR=0.063, 95% CI: 0.40–0.92), atrophic vaginitis (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.03–1.80), pelvic organ prolapse (OR=2.81, 95% CI: 1.36–5.80), chronic pelvic pain (OR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.90–4.03), constipation (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.07–1.93) and incontinence of feces (OR=3.32, 95% CI: 2.03–5.43). Moreover, the ratio of SUI (33.2%) was higher than the ratio of urgency urinary incontinence (24.1%) or the ratio of mixed urinary incontinence (17.4%), and SUI had a greater impact on daily life among women with decreased sexual desire. In conclusion, SUI is a common disorder affecting over one third of the women surveyed, and has a severe impact on the daily life of perimenopausal women with declined sexual desire. Age, mode of delivery, and monthly income are major risk factors involved in the development of SUI.
关键词：
Associating factors;Pregnant women;Urinary metal concentrations
摘要：
Pregnant women, a vulnerable population, can be exposed to a variety of environmental metals that may adversely affect their health at elevated concentrations. Moreover, environmental exposure and risk disparities are associated with several factors such as sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy complications, and nutritional supplementation indicators. Our aim was to investigate whether and how the urinary metal concentrations vary according to these factors in a large pregnancy and birth cohort. Urinary levels of seven metals including manganese, zinc, selenium, arsenic, cadmium, thallium, and lead were assessed in 7359 participants across Wuhan City in China. In all, 7359 urine samples from the third trimester were analyzed and 15 sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy complications, and nutritional supplementation indicators were assessed: maternal age, household income, multivitamin supplements during pregnancy, etc. Concentrations of Zn, As, and Cd were detected in all urine samples; Mn, Se, Tl, and Pb were detected in 95.3%, 99.8%, 99.8%, and 99.9% urine samples, respectively. The geometric mean (GM) of creatinine-adjusted urinary Mn, Zn, Se, As, Cd, Tl, and Pb concentrations were 1.42, 505.44, 18.24, 30.49, 0.64, 0.55, and 3.69 mug/g. Factors that associated with environmental metals concentration were as follows: (1) Urinary Zn and Cd concentrations increased with maternal age. (2) Pregnant women with higher education had lower Cd concentrations. (3) Pregnant women with folic acid supplementation had lower Mn and with multivitamin supplementation had higher Se and lower Tl. Our results demonstrated that the maternal age, education level, folic acid supplementation, and multivitamin supplementation were significantly associated with environmental metal concentrations. Furthermore, studies are recommended to explore the influence of diet on biological metals concentrations in more detail.
关键词：
High performance liquid chromatography;Oral administration;Pharmacokinetics;Acetonitrile;Body weight;Herbicides;Pesticides;Quality control
摘要：
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a chlorophenoxy herbicide used worldwide. We describe a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection for the determination of 2,4-D in female and male rat serum. This allows to observe the change of serum 2,4-D concentration in rats with time and its pharmacokinetics characteristics with a simple, rapid, optimized and validated method. The serum samples are pretreated and introduced into the HPLC system. The analytes are separated in a XDB-C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile (solvent A) and 0.02 M ammonium acetate (containing 0.1% formic acid) (solvent B) using a gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The wavelength for UV detection was set at 230 nm. Calibration curve for 2,4-D was constructed over a range of 0.1-400 mg/L. The method was successfully applied to study the pharmacokinetics of 2,4-D in rats in this study. After oral administration of 300 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg 2,4-D, the mean Cmax values were 601.9 and 218.4 mg/L, the AUC0-->infinity values were 23,722 and 4,127 mgxh/L and the clearance (Cl) were 1.10 and 0.02 L/(hxkg), respectively. The developed method was found to be specific, precise, reproducible and rapid.
