围产期饲粮添加发酵中药渣对母猪粪便微生物代谢产物的影响
作者:
李华伟;祝倩;黎智华;吴灵英;印遇龙;...
作者机构:
[李华伟; 祝倩; 黎智华; 吴灵英; 印遇龙; 孔祥峰] 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站;[李华伟; 祝倩; 黎智华; 吴灵英; 印遇龙; 孔祥峰] 武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院
会议名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会
会议时间:
2016-10-21
会议地点:
中国湖北武汉
关键词:
妊娠母猪;发酵中药渣;结肠;微生物;代谢产物
摘要:
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加发酵中药渣对妊娠后期母猪粪便微生物代谢产物的影响,为中药渣的二次利用提供依据。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的临产健康二元母猪60头,随机分为3组,每组20头,单栏饲养。在基础饲粮中分别添加3 kg/t米糠(对照组)、3 kg/t中药渣制剂(由黄芪、当归、益母草和金银花等组成,中药渣组)和3 kg/t发酵中药渣制剂(发酵中药渣组)。从产前21天开始饲喂,到产后28天结束。于母
语种:
中文
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Research on the gene sequence analysis model based on data association pattern mining and pattern classification model
作者:
Liu, Yu;Zhao, Wenhua;Ai, Xiaohui
期刊:
RISTI - Revista Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação ,2016年2016(E12):54-65 ISSN:1646-9895
通讯作者:
Ai, Xiaohui(aixh@yfi.ac.cn)
作者机构:
[Liu, Yu; Zhao, Wenhua] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;[Ai, Xiaohui] Hu Bei Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center, Wuhan, 430023, China;[Ai, Xiaohui] Freshwater Fish Germplasm Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430023, China
摘要:
Most of the information mining calculations have been intended for business information, for example, advertising wicker container, however they are less productive for mining Deoxyribonucleic acid arrangements. Not at all like exchange arrangements in business, Deoxyribonucleic acid groupings commonly have a little letter set yet a much long size, and so mining Deoxyribonucleic acid successions faces distinctive difficulties from different applications. The motif discovery that is the repeating component has been effectively used to find interpretation variable restricting locales in many promoter groupings over the previous decade. Motif is the toolbox for the Common Desktop Environment. Be that as it may, there has not been sufficient work done in distinguishing motifs in the cutting edge sequencing information sets, which contain thousands of information groupings and thereby convey new test to make a decent recognizable proof in sensible time. To provide food this need, author proposes another held up motif discovery calculation named motif discovery by mining and combining (MDMC), which distinguishes by mining and combining developing substrings. Trial results on the reproduced information demonstrate that motif discovery by mining and combining can recognize motifs productively and viably in thousands to a large number of information successions and motif discovery calculations; motif discovery by mining and combining can distinguish motifs without known lengths, and has preferable ID precision over contending calculation.
语种:
英文
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Alpha-ketoglutarate enhances milk protein synthesis by porcine mammary epithelial cells
作者:
Jiang, Qian;He, Liuqin;Hou, Yongqing;Chen, Jiashun;Duan, Yehui;...
期刊:
Amino Acids ,2016年48(9):2179-2188 ISSN:0939-4451
通讯作者:
Yao, Kang
作者机构:
[Chen, Jiashun; Yao, Kang; Duan, Yehui; Wu, Guoyao; Yin, Yulong; Jiang, Qian; He, Liuqin; Deng, Dun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Hunan Prov Engn Res Ctr Healthy Livestock,Minist, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg,Sci Observing &, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Duan, Yehui; Jiang, Qian; He, Liuqin] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 10008, Peoples R China.;[Hou, Yongqing; Wu, Guoyao] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Jiashun; Yin, Yulong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Dun] TRS Grp, Zhuzhou 412000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yao, Kang] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Hunan Prov Engn Res Ctr Healthy Livestock,Minist, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg,Sci Observing &, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;CICAPS, Hunan Coinnovat Ctr Anim Prod Safety, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Alpha-ketoglutarate;PMECs;ERS;mTOR;Lactation
摘要:
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), a key intermediate in the Krebs cycle, has been reported to promote protein synthesis through activating mechanistic targeting of rapamycin (mTOR) in enterocytes. The study tested the hypothesis that AKG may enhance growth and milk protein synthesis in porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs). PMECs were cultured for 96 h in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s-F12 Ham medium (DMEM-F12) containing prolactin (2 µg/ml) and AKG (0 or 1.5 mM). At the end of 96-h culture, the abundance of apoptosis-related proteins (caspase-3, caspase-9), milk-specific proteins (α-lactalbumin and β-casein), mTOR signaling proteins (mTOR, p-mTOR, PERK, p-PERK, eIF2a, P70S6K and p-P70S6K), and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated proteins (BiP and CHOP) in PMEC were determined. Addition of AKG dose-dependently enhanced cell viability in the absence or presence of prolactin, with optimal concentrations of AKG being at 1.0 and 1.5 mM, respectively. In the presence of prolactin, addition of 1.5 mM AKG: (1) decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of caspase-3 and caspase-9 by 21 and 39 %; (2) enhanced (P < 0.05) the phosphorylation of p-mTOR and p-P70S6K by 39 and 89 %, respectively; (3) increased (P < 0.05) the production of β-casein and α-lactalbumin by 16 and 20 %, respectively; (4) attenuated (P < 0.05) the expression of CHOP by 34 % but promoted (P < 0.05) the expression of BiP by 46 %; (5) increased (P < 0.05) the secretion of lactose by 15 %, when compared to the 0 mM AKG group. Rapamycin (50 nM; an inhibitor of mTOR) attenuated (P < 0.05) the stimulatory effect of AKG on mTOR signaling and syntheses of milk protein and lactose, while relieving (P < 0.05) an inhibitory effect of AKG on expression of proteins related to ERS. Collectively, our results indicate that AKG enhances milk protein production by modulating mTOR and ERS signaling pathways in PMECs.
语种:
英文
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膨化鸡肝粉的抗氧化能力和体外免疫调节功能
作者:
李叶涵;郭双双;程强;段瑞;毕云天;...
作者机构:
[李叶涵; 郭双双; 程强; 段瑞; 毕云天; 丁斌鹰] 武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室
会议名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会
会议时间:
2016-10-21
会议地点:
中国湖北武汉
会议论文集名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会论文集
关键词:
膨化鸡肝粉;免疫调节功能;抗氧化能力
摘要:
鸡肝有补肝益肾的功效,鸡肝粉保留了鸡肝的营养成分,具有浓郁的腥香味,适用于各类调味品和宠物食品等产品的原辅料添加,是各种水产动物的优良饲料添加剂和诱食剂。本试验旨在研究膨化鸡肝粉的抗氧化能力和体外免疫功能,以探索其在动物日粮中应用的潜力。将膨化鸡肝粉加入生理盐水中配制成4 mg/mL的悬浊液,充分振荡溶解后,3 000 r/min离心10 min,取上清液。将该上清液倍比稀释至0.4和0.04 m
语种:
中文
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N-乙酰半胱氨酸对7日龄感染猪流行性腹泻病毒仔猪肠道吸收功能的影响
作者:
周佳;李鹏;侯永清;王蕾;张越;...
作者机构:
[周佳; 李鹏; 侯永清; 王蕾; 张越; 谢佳倩; 徐海旺] 武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室
会议名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会
会议时间:
2016-10-21
会议地点:
中国湖北武汉
关键词:
N-乙酰半胱氨酸;猪流行性腹泻病毒;仔猪;肠道吸收
摘要:
猪流行性腹泻(PED)是由于猪感染流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)后,导致猪产生呕吐、高度腹泻及高致死等症状的消化道传染病。猪感染PEDV后,其小肠绒毛会受到损伤、并且使其消化和吸收功能发生紊乱,机体的稳态会遭到破坏,使猪出现高度腹泻甚至导致其死亡。N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)作为功能性氨基酸被证实可以改善肠道功能,对肠道感染有很好的保护作用。本试验旨在以7日龄仔猪为研究对象,探讨NAC对流行性腹泻病毒感
语种:
中文
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屎肠球菌饲用效果及作用机理
作者:
夏锴;陈振强;王蕾
期刊:
粮食与饲料工业 ,2016年(5):44-47 ISSN:1003-6202
作者机构:
武汉轻工大学食品科学与工程学院//武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉,430023;[王蕾; 陈振强; 夏锴] 武汉轻工大学
关键词:
屎肠球菌;饲用效果;作用机理
摘要:
屎肠球菌是动物肠道中的一种常见菌,它是一种兼性厌氧的乳酸菌,具有良好的耐酸、耐胆盐和耐热性,能够抑制肠道致病菌增殖,如大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌,医学上屎肠球菌制剂常被用来治疗腹泻。结合我们有关屎肠球菌影响仔猪肠道基因表达的最新研究结果,重点综述了屎肠球菌在饲料中的应用效果及作用机理。
语种:
中文
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含木聚糖酶和酵母菌基础日粮中添加戊聚糖浆对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响
作者:
尹文飞;李爱科;王薇薇;王丽;王学军;...
期刊:
中国粮油学报 ,2016年31(3):101-105 ISSN:1003-0174
通讯作者:
Li, A.
作者机构:
武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院, 武汉, 430023;国家粮食局科学研究院, 北京, 100037;河南中鹤现代农业开发集团有限公司, 鹤壁, 456261;[尹文飞; 李爱科] 武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院, 武汉, 430023;[王薇薇; 王丽; 王永伟] 国家粮食局科学研究院, 北京, 100037
通讯机构:
School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
关键词:
戊聚糖浆;断奶仔猪;生长性能;腹泻率;血液生化指标
摘要:
在仔猪日粮中添加木聚糖酶和酵母菌的基础上,研究小麦淀粉加工副产物戊聚糖浆对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率和血液生化指标的影响。试验选取105头30日龄断奶的健康仔猪,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每重复7头猪,试验期为28 d。5组分别为:对照组(基础饲粮)和4个试验组(基础饲粮∶戊聚糖浆分别为1∶ 0.5、1∶ 1、1∶ 1.5和1∶ 2) 。结果表明,仔猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比,以及仔猪腹泻率和粪便指数在各组间均差异不显著(P > 0.05) 。另外,与对照组相比,基础饲粮与戊聚糖浆添加比例为1∶ 1、1∶ 1.5和1∶ 2时,可降低仔猪血清尿素氮含量,提高血清GSH - PX活性(P < 0.05) 。总之,在饲粮中添加木聚糖酶和酵母菌的基础上,添加戊聚糖浆并未对仔猪生长性能和腹泻率造成不良影响,且可降低单位增重饲料成本、提高仔猪蛋白质利用效率和抗氧化机能。
语种:
中文
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猪免疫应激及其营养调控
作者:
刘玉兰;王秀英
作者机构:
[刘玉兰; 王秀英] 武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室
会议名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会
会议时间:
2016-10-21
会议地点:
中国湖北武汉
关键词:
免疫应激;猪;营养调控;脂肪酸
摘要:
"免疫应激"在养猪生产中普遍存在,是导致猪生长抑制的重要因素之一,给养猪生产造成很大的经济损失。免疫应激是由于饲养环境中的病原体、非病原体(如细菌、病毒和内毒素等)或疫苗接种等刺激免疫系统,导致炎性细胞因子,如白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α等过量释放所致。传统的观点认为,炎性细胞因子主要由免疫系统(如免疫细胞,尤其是巨噬细胞)产生。然而近几年的研究发现,神经内分泌系统、胃肠道
语种:
中文
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饲粮添加发酵中药渣对母猪繁殖性能与子代生长性能的影响
作者:
李华伟;祝倩;黎智华;吴灵英;印遇龙;...
作者机构:
[李华伟; 祝倩; 黎智华; 吴灵英; 印遇龙; 孔祥峰] 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站;[李华伟; 祝倩; 黎智华; 吴灵英; 印遇龙; 孔祥峰] 武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院
会议名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会
会议时间:
2016-10-21
会议地点:
中国湖北武汉
关键词:
妊娠母猪;繁殖性能;哺乳仔猪;生长发育;发酵中药渣
摘要:
通过研究微生物发酵中药渣对母猪繁殖性能和子代发育的影响,为中药渣的二次开发利用提供依据。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠85天的健康二元母猪100头,随机分为5组,每组20头。在基础饲粮中分别添加2 kg/t米糠(对照组)、2 kg/t中药渣Ⅰ制剂(由黄芪、当归、熟地黄和白芍等组成,中药渣Ⅰ组)、2 kg/t发酵中药渣Ⅰ制剂(发酵中药渣Ⅰ组)、2 kg/t中药渣Ⅱ制剂(由黄芪、当归、益母草和金
语种:
中文
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肉鸡饲料中添加电气石对重金属脱毒的研究
作者:
卜小丽;韩朋伟;陈帆;刘世操;吴丰惟;...
期刊:
黑龙江畜牧兽医 ,2016年(7):157-159 ISSN:1004-7034
作者机构:
武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,武汉,430023;武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,武汉430023;武汉轻工大学畜禽饲料工程技术研究中心,武汉430023;[卜小丽; 祝爱侠; 陈帆; 韩朋伟; 吴丰惟; 刘世操] 武汉轻工大学
关键词:
肉仔鸡;电气石;吸附性;重金属;生长性能;血液指标;残留
摘要:
为了研究天然矿物质吸附剂电气石不同添加量对肉仔鸡饲料中重金属的脱毒效果,试验将240只1日龄健康科宝500肉鸡随机分为5组,分别为对照组(基础日粮)和重金属污染组(基础日粮+ 10 mg/kg铅+0.3 mg/kg汞+5 mg/kg镉)、试验1组、试验2组、试验3组,试验1组、试验2组、试验3组分别在重金属日粮基础上添加500,1 000,1 500 mg/kg电气石,进行为期42 d的脱毒试验.结果表明:与对照组相比,重金属污染组肉鸡平均采食量、平均日增重、血清中丙二醛含量显著提高(P<0.05),料重比、超氧化物歧化酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);添加电气石可显著降低碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶活性(P<0.05),显著增加粪便中重金属含量(P<0.05),添加1 500 mg/kg电气石可以显著增加脾脏和法氏囊指数(P<0.05).说明在受重金属元素污染的饲料中添加电气石吸附剂,可以促进重金属排出,缓解重金属对机体的毒害作用,且1 500 mg/kg电气石添加效果最好.
语种:
中文
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Effects of dietary branched-chain amino acid ratio on growth performance and serum amino acid pool of growing pigs
作者:
Duan, Y. H.;Zeng, L. M.;Li, F. N.* ;Li, Y. H.;Tan, B. E.;...
期刊:
Journal of Animal Science ,2016年94(7):129-134 ISSN:1525-3163
通讯作者:
Li, F. N.;Yin, Y. L.
作者机构:
[Ji, Y. J.; Li, F. N.; Yin, YL; Kong, X. F.; Li, Y. H.; Tan, B. E.; Zhang, Y. Z.; Duan, Y. H.; Yin, Y. L.; Tang, Y. L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Sci Observing & Expt Stn Anim Nutr & Feed Sci Sou, Hunan Prov Engn Res Ctr Hlth Livestock,Minist Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg,Inst Subtrop Ag, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Y. H.; Duan, Y. H.] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, L. M.] Jiangxi Agr Univ, Coll Sci, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.;[Tan, B. E.; Li, F. N.] Hunan Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Prod Safety, Hunan Collaborat Innovat Ctr Utilizat Bot Funct I, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Y. L.] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Li, FN; Yin, YL] C;[Li, F. N.] H;[Yin, Y. L.] W;Chinese Acad Sci, Sci Observing & Expt Stn Anim Nutr & Feed Sci Sou, Hunan Prov Engn Res Ctr Hlth Livestock,Minist Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg,Inst Subtrop Ag, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Prod Safety, Hunan Collaborat Innovat Ctr Utilizat Bot Funct I, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
branched-chain amino acid ratio;growing pig;growth performance;serum amino acid
摘要:
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), including leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), and valine (Val), play key roles in protein metabolism. This study was conducted to investigate whether the dietary ratio of BCAA influences the growth performance and serum amino acid pool of the growing pigs. A total of 40 crossbred pigs (Large White × Landrace; 9.85 ± 0.35 kg) were chosen and fed one of the five isocaloric diets varying in Leu:Ile:Val. The positive control diet contained 20% crude protein (CP) with a Leu:Ile:Val ratio of 1:0.51:0.63 according to the recommendation; for the other diets, the CP level was reduced to 17%, and the Leu:Ile:Val ratios were 1:1:1, 1:0.75:0.75, 1:0.51:0.63, and 1:0.25:0.25, respectively. The total BCAA amount was equal in all treatments, and the content of Leu, Ile, and Val was altered according to the setting ratios. No significant difference was observed in the growth performance between the pigs fed 20% CP and 17% CP diets supplemented with BCAA (P > 0.05). However, different Leu:Ile:Val ratios could affect the final weight (P < 0.05), average daily gain (ADG; P < 0.05), and feed:gain ratio (P = 0.06) of the pigs fed 17% CP diet. The final weight and ADG of the pigs in the 1:0.75:0.75 (17% CP), 1:0.51:0.63 (17% CP), and 1:0.51:0.63 (20% CP) groups were higher than those in the 1:0.25:0.25 (17% CP) group. The feed:gain ratio of the pigs fed the 1:0.75:0.75 (17% CP) diet was lower than that of those fed the 1:1:1 (17% CP) diet. There was no difference in the average feed intake among the treatments. Moreover, the diets supplemented with varied BCAA ratios influenced certain serum amino acid concentrations (P < 0.05), including Ile, Val, cysteine, and α-amino-adipic acid. These results indicated that a low CP diet (17%) supplemented with BCAA could keep up with the growth performance of growing pigs receiving adequate dietary protein (20%). The optimal Leu:Ile:Val within the range from 1:0.25:0.25 to 1:0.75:0.75 could improve the growth performance and serum amino acid profile of growing pigs fed the low CP diet. © 2016 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved.
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英文
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短链脂肪酸酯对仔猪生长性能、肠道功能的影响及作用机制
作者:
李抗;张越;李鹏;王蕾;侯永清;...
作者机构:
[李抗; 张越; 李鹏; 王蕾; 侯永清; 丁斌鹰; 易丹] 武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室
会议名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会
会议时间:
2016-10-21
会议地点:
中国湖北武汉
关键词:
己酸甘油三酯;乳酸甘油三酯;仔猪;生长性能;肠道功能
摘要:
本试验旨在研究短链脂肪酸酯对仔猪生长性能、肠道功能的作用及机制。选取24头(21±2)天健康的断奶仔猪,随机分成3个处理组(每组8个重复,每个重复1头仔猪):对照组、己酸甘油三酯组和乳酸甘油三酯组;对照组仔猪饲喂基础日粮,己酸甘油三酯组和乳酸甘油三酯组仔猪在基础日粮上分别添加0.5%的己酸甘油三酯和乳酸甘油三酯,试验期21天。于试验第21天采血,屠宰取样。结果表明:1)饲粮添加0.5%的己酸甘油三
语种:
中文
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4种断奶仔猪饲粮代谢葡萄糖水平的测定
作者:
张丹丹;雷龙;冯志;李强;任莹;...
作者机构:
[张丹丹; 雷龙; 冯志; 李强; 任莹; 赵胜军] 武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室;[张丹丹; 雷龙; 冯志; 李强; 任莹; 赵胜军] 动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心
会议名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会
会议时间:
2016-10-21
会议地点:
中国湖北武汉
关键词:
断奶仔猪;代谢葡萄糖;淀粉;丙酸;乳酸
摘要:
本试验通过对4种断奶仔猪饲粮内源和外源代谢葡萄糖的测定,旨在建立测定4种断奶仔猪饲粮代谢葡萄糖水平的方法体系。选取20头体况健康,平均体重(7.74±0.81)kg的25日龄杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪。随机分为4个处理组,每组5个重复。分别饲喂以玉米、豆粕为基础配制的等能、等氮的代谢葡萄糖水平不同的4种饲粮。给断奶仔猪安装回肠"T"型瘘管,颈动脉、门静脉和肠系膜血管瘘管。术后至采食量恢复正常,从回
语种:
中文
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Endogenous Synthesis of Amino Acids Limits Growth, Lactation, and Reproduction in Animals
作者:
Hou, Yongqing;Yao, Kang;Yin, Yulong;Wu, Guoyao*
期刊:
Advances in Nutrition ,2016年7(2):331-342 ISSN:2161-8313
通讯作者:
Wu, Guoyao
作者机构:
[Hou, Yongqing; Wu, Guoyao; Yin, Yulong] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Yao, Kang; Yin, Yulong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Guoyao] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
通讯机构:
[Wu, Guoyao] W;[Wu, Guoyao] T;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
关键词:
protein;intestine;nutrition;metabolism;health
摘要:
Amino acids (AAs) are building blocks of protein. Eight AAs (Ala, Asn, Asp, Glu, Gln, Gly, Pro, and Ser) are formed by all animals, whereas de novo synthesis of Arg occurs in a species-specific manner in most mammals (e.g., humans, pigs, and rats). Synthesizable AAs were traditionally classified as nutritionally nonessential for animals, because they were thought to be formed in sufficient amounts. However, this assumption is not supported by evidence showing that 1) rats grow slowly when their diets do not contain Arg, Glu, or Gln despite adequate provision of all other proteinogenous AAs; 2) pigs cannot achieve maximum growth, lactation, or reproduction performance when fed corn- and soybean meal-based diets meeting National Research Council-recommended requirements of protein and AAs without supplemental Arg, Glu, Gln, Gly, or Pro; 3) chickens exhibit increases in lean tissue gain and feed efficiency when their diets are supplemented with Glu, Gln, Gly, and Pro; 4) lactating cows cannot obtain maximum milk protein production without a postruminal supply of Gln or Pro; 5) fish cannot achieve maximum growth when diets do not contain Gln or Pro; and 6) men fail to sustain spermatogenesis when fed an Arg-deficient diet. Quantitative analysis of nitrogen metabolism showed that AA synthesis in animals is constrained by both precursor availability and enzyme activity. Taken together, these findings support the conclusion that the endogenous synthesis of AAs limits growth, lactation, and reproduction in animals. This new knowledge can guide the optimization of human nutrition for improving health and well-being. © 2016 American Society for Nutrition.
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英文
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Catabolism and safety of supplemental l-arginine in animals
作者:
Wu, Zhenlong;Hou, Yongqing;Hu, Shengdi;Bazer, Fuller W.;Meininger, Cynthia J.;...
期刊:
Amino Acids ,2016年48(7):1541-1552 ISSN:0939-4451
通讯作者:
Wu, Guoyao
作者机构:
[Wu, Zhenlong; Wu, Guoyao] China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Anim Nutr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;[Hou, Yongqing; Wu, Guoyao] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Bazer, Fuller W.; Hu, Shengdi; Wu, Guoyao] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.;[Meininger, Cynthia J.; Wu, Guoyao] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Physiol, Temple, TX 76504 USA.;[McNeal, Catherine J.] Baylor Scott & White Hlth, Dept Internal Med, Temple, TX 76508 USA.
通讯机构:
[Wu, Guoyao] C;[Wu, Guoyao] W;[Wu, Guoyao] T;China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Anim Nutr, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Anim Nutr & Feed Saf, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Amino acids;Nutrition;Catabolism;Health;Dietary supplementation
摘要:
l-arginine (Arg) is utilized via multiple pathways to synthesize protein and low-molecular-weight bioactive substances (e.g., nitric oxide, creatine, and polyamines) with enormous physiological importance. Furthermore, Arg regulates cell signaling pathways and gene expression to improve cardiovascular function, augment insulin sensitivity, enhance lean tissue mass, and reduce obesity in humans. Despite its versatile roles, the use of Arg as a dietary supplement is limited due to the lack of data to address concerns over its safety in humans. Data from animal studies are reviewed to assess arginine catabolism and the safety of long-term Arg supplementation. The arginase pathway was responsible for catabolism of 76–85 and 81–96 % Arg in extraintestinal tissues of pigs and rats, respectively. Dietary supplementation with Arg–HCl or the Arg base [315- and 630-mg Arg/(kg BW d) for 91 d] had no adverse effects on male or female pigs. Similarly, no safety issues were observed for male or female rats receiving supplementation with 1.8- and 3.6-g Arg/(kg BW d) for at least 91 d. Intravenous administration of Arg–HCl to gestating sheep at 81 and 180 mg Arg/(kg BW d) is safe for at least 82 and 40 d, respectively. Animals fed conventional diets can well tolerate large amounts of supplemental Arg [up to 630-mg Arg/(kg BW d) in pigs or 3.6-g Arg/(kg BW d) in rats] for 91 d, which are equivalent to 573-mg Arg/(kg BW d) for humans. Collectively, these results can help guide studies to determine the safety of long-term oral administration of Arg in humans. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Wien.
语种:
英文
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大豆抗原蛋白对仔猪肠道转运通道的影响
作者:
梅慧敏;周颖;张越;谢佳倩;李抗;...
期刊:
饲料工业 ,2016年37(23):46-50 ISSN:1001-991X
作者机构:
武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉,430023;武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430023;武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,湖北武汉430023;[丁斌鹰; 李抗; 王蕾; 张越; 梅慧敏; 周颖; 易丹; 谢佳倩] 武汉轻工大学
关键词:
大豆抗原蛋白;仔猪;生长性能;肠道功能
摘要:
试验研究了大豆抗原蛋白对仔猪生长性能及肠道功能的影响。试验选用21日龄(杜×长×大)仔猪12头,随机分成2个处理组:对照组(饲喂含4%酪蛋白的基础日粮)和大豆分离蛋白组(饲喂含4%伴大豆分离蛋白的基础日粮)。试验为期7 d,采血后屠宰,取十二指肠、空肠、回肠和结肠等组织样品,测定仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标、肠道损伤和肠道功能相关基因等数据。结果表明:1日粮中添加大豆分离蛋白降低了仔猪的日增重,提高了仔猪料重比和腹泻率。2大豆分离蛋白提高了仔猪十二指肠、空肠和结肠的隐窝深度,降低了十二指肠的绒毛宽度、回肠的绒毛高度和绒毛面积。3在日粮中添加大豆分离蛋白降低了十二指肠和回肠AQP 3、Villin、MMP3及空肠AQP10的基因表达水平;提高了空肠Bcl-2、CFTR、Pep T1、SGLT-1、NHE3、AQP 3、AQP 4、AQP 8和Occludin的相对表达量。因此,大豆抗原蛋白调控肠道黏膜损伤与修复和转运通道基因的表达,改变了肠道的正常组织形态,进而降低了仔猪的生长性能。
语种:
中文
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微囊化粪肠球菌和酵母菌对育成期河北柴鸡生长和血清指标的影响
作者:
陈娟;侯义江;宋丹;王薇薇;王永伟;...
期刊:
饲料工业 ,2016年37(14):32-36 ISSN:1001-991X
作者机构:
[侯义江; 陈娟; 王永伟; 王薇薇; 李爱科; 宋丹] 国家粮食局科学研究院;武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院
关键词:
河北柴鸡;微囊化;粪肠球菌;酿酒酵母;生长性能;抗氧化;免疫
摘要:
试验旨在探讨日粮中添加微囊化粪肠球菌和微囊化酿酒酵母对育成期河北柴鸡生长性能和血清指标的影响。试验选取120只体重相近[(130.5±0.17)g]、健康的9周龄河北柴鸡,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,试验鸡随机分为3个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复5只鸡,分别饲喂3种不同的日粮:Ⅰ为对照组基础日粮;Ⅱ为基础日粮中添加微囊化粪肠球菌组(10~8CFU/g日粮);Ⅲ为基础日粮中添加微囊化酿酒酵母组(10~8CFU/g日粮),试验期9周。试验结果表明:1与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组料重比降低4.79%(P〈0.05);2Ⅱ组T-AOC值比Ⅰ组升高45.73%(P〈0.01),与Ⅲ组差异不显著;3与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组血清Ig G含量增加16.04%(P〈0.01)且Ig M含量增加23.86%(P〈0.01),Ⅲ组Ig M含量增加60.48%(P〈0.01)。由此可知,微囊化粪肠球菌可提高育成期河北柴鸡的生长性能,同时改善其血清抗氧化能力和免疫能力。
语种:
中文
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Complete genome sequence of fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila JBN2301
作者:
Wuming Yang;Ningqiu Li;Ming Li;Defeng Zhang;Guannan An
期刊:
Genome Announcements ,2016年4(1) ISSN:2169-8287
通讯作者:
Li, Ningqiu
作者机构:
[Ming Li; Guannan An; Wuming Yang] School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China;[Ningqiu Li] Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, China liningq@126.com;[Defeng Zhang] Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, China
通讯机构:
[Li, Ningqiu] P;Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, China
摘要:
Aeromonas hydrophila is one of the most important fish pathogens in China. Here, we report complete genome sequence of a virulent strain, A. hydrophila JBN2301, which was isolated from diseased crucian carp. © 2016 Yang et al.
语种:
英文
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发酵木薯酒精糟对肉鸭生长性能和养分代谢率以及肉品质的影响
作者:
雷龙;冯志;李强;薛小强;任莹,;...
作者机构:
[雷龙; 冯志; 李强; 薛小强; 任莹,; 赵胜军,] 武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室;[雷龙; 冯志; 李强; 薛小强; 任莹,; 赵胜军,] 动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心
会议名称:
中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十二次动物营养学术研讨会
会议时间:
2016-10-21
会议地点:
中国湖北武汉
关键词:
发酵木薯酒精糟;养分代谢率;肉鸭;生长性能;屠宰性能;肉品质
摘要:
本试验旨在研究发酵木薯酒精糟饲粮对肉鸭的生长性能、养分代谢率、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选用80羽体况健康的15日龄樱桃谷肉鸭按照体重随机分成4个处理组(每组5个重复,每个重复4羽):对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂分别添加5%、10%、15%发酵木薯酒精糟的试验饲粮,试验期29天。结果表明:1)发酵木薯酒精糟替代部分全价料对肉鸭生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)以养殖成本分析,与对照相比,添加
语种:
中文
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三乳酸甘油酯对冷应激肉鸡生产性能、抗氧化能力和能量代谢状况的影响
作者:
廖满;程强;李叶涵;李宝成;杨书慧;...
期刊:
中国家禽 ,2016年38(2):18-24 ISSN:1004-6364
作者机构:
动物营养与饲料安全湖北省协同创新中心,动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,湖北武汉430023;中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京,100193;[丁斌鹰; 杨书慧; 李宝成; 廖满; 程强; 易丹; 李叶涵] 武汉轻工大学;[杨鹰] 中国农业大学
关键词:
三乳酸甘油酯;冷应激;能量代谢;肉鸡
摘要:
试验旨在研究三乳酸甘油酯对冷应激肉鸡生产性能、抗氧化能力和能量代谢状况的影响.选用150只1日龄Cobb肉鸡,随机分为3个处理组:对照组、冷应激组、乳酸甘油酯组,分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮、基础日粮+500 mg/kg三乳酸甘油酯,每组5个重复,每个重复10只鸡.试验第1周各组温度控制在32~34℃,第2周控制在30~32℃,试验第3~6周冷应激组、乳酸甘油酯组控制在(10±2)℃,而对照组维持在(26±2)℃,湿度50%~60%.结果显示:①与对照组相比,冷应激处理降低了肉鸡生产性能,心脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px),肝脏SOD及肺脏SOD、GSH-Px的酶活力(P<0.05),同时也降低了心脏、肝脏三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量,心脏腺苷酸池(TAN)含量、低氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)、血红素加氧酶-1(HMOX-1)mRNA水平及肝脏HIF-1、过氧化物酶体增殖活化受体γ辅助活化因子1 α(PGC-1α)mRNA水平(P<0.05),但提高了心脏相对重量、肝脏AMP/ATP比值及心脏和肝脏AMPK-α1 mRNA水平(P<0.05);②与冷应激组相比,日粮中添加500 mg/kg三乳酸甘油酯对冷应激肉鸡生长性能和器官相对重量并无影响,但可提高心脏GSH-Px、肝脏SOD和肺脏CAT的活力、心脏ATP和EC值、心脏和肝脏ATP5B mRNA水平(P<0.05),并降低心脏AMP/ATP比值、HMOX-1和AMPK-α1 mRNA水平(P<0.05).研究结果表明:三乳酸甘油酯可提高冷应激肉鸡的心脏、肝脏及肺脏抗氧化能力并改善心脏的能量代谢状况.
语种:
中文
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