作者机构：
Sinagri YingTai Bio-peptide Co., Ltd., Linzhou 456550, China;School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 420200, China;Key Laboratory of Feed Antibiotics Replacement Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Linzhou 456550, China;[Zhihao Li] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
通讯机构：
[Yujiao Lai] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
Sublancin, an S-linked antimicrobial (glycol) peptide produced by Bacillus subtilis, has emerged as a novel and promising veterinary drug due to its unique antibacterial mechanism, low risk of resistance, and properties that modulate the immune system, reduce inflammation, and promote gut health. This study comprehensively assessed the subchronic (90-day) and chronic (180-day) toxicity of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, following the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. Rats were orally administered sublancin at doses of 2000, 10,000, or 50,000 mg/kg feed, representing 1666–5000 times the efficacious dose (1.0–1.2 mg/kg) reported in mice via the same administration route. Throughout this study, a wide range of physiological and behavioral parameters were monitored to access the toxicity of sublancin, including appetite, water intake, body weight gain, and organ weights. Hematological and biochemical analyses, as well as histopathological examinations of the major organs, were conducted at the end of each study period. The results indicated no adverse effects on any measured parameters at any dose level, with no significant differences observed between the sublancin-treated groups and the control group (p > 0.05). Notably, even the highest dose of 50,000 mg/kg did not induce growth inhibition or physiological dysfunction. A histopathological examination also revealed no tissue abnormalities in the major organs. The no-observed-effect level (NOEL) was determined to be 50,000 mg/kg for both study periods. These results demonstrate the long-term safety of sublancin in Sprague–Dawley rats, with no adverse effects during 180 days of oral administration at doses 1666–5000-fold the documented antimicrobially effective and immune-enhancing doses.
摘要：
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe intestinal damage, posing significant threats to the swine industry. Fucoidan (FUC), a biologically active compound, exhibits antiviral activity against multiple viruses. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of FUC on PEDV-induced intestinal injury in piglets and explore its underlying mechanisms. A total of 28 healthy crossbred piglets were randomly allocated into four experimental groups using a 2 × 2 factorial design: (1) a control group, (2) an FUC group, (3) a PEDV group, and (4) an FUC+PEDV group. From day 4 to day 10, the piglets in the FUC and FUC+PEDV groups were orally administered fucoidan at a dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) each day. On day 8, the piglets in the PEDV and FUC+PEDV groups were orally administered PEDV at a dose of 3 × 10(5.5) TCID(50). The results show that FUC supplementation significantly decreased plasma DAO activity (p < 0.05) and increased the villus height, villus area, as well as the villus height/crypt depth (p < 0.05) in the intestine when compared to the PEDV-infected piglets. This indicates that FUC could alleviate the disruption of intestinal morphology and function caused by PEDV infection. FUC enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the piglets by increasing SOD and GSH-Px activity. Transcriptional profiling combined with quantitative analysis revealed that FUC regulates immune responses, substance transport, and arginine metabolism. Notably, FUC downregulated arginase 1 expression, which may redirect arginine toward nitric oxide synthesis, thereby establishing an antiviral state in the host. These findings highlight the potential application of FUC as a natural agent for mitigating PEDV-induced intestinal damage and improving gut health. Additionally, monitoring the health status of piglets is necessary when FUC is applied in practical applications.
摘要：
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) causes Glässer's disease and systemic inflammatory responses in the host. The currently available therapies have limited efficacy and fail to achieve a balance between anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of baicalin, amoxicillin, and probenecid on blood biochemical parameters, routine blood indicators, survival rate, bacterial burden, and pathological tissue damage in G. parasuis-challenged mice. Treatment with baicalin, amoxicillin, and probenecid significantly modified the blood biochemical parameters and routine blood test indicators, increased the survival rate, attenuated the bacterial burden, and alleviated pathological tissue damage in G. parasuis-challenged mice. Treatment with baicalin, amoxicillin, and probenecid also increased the number of CD3(+), CD3(+)CD4(+), and CD3(+)CD8(+) T cells as measured by flow cytometry, and restored the intensity of the CD3, CD4, and CD8 protein expression in the blood vessels of G. parasuis-challenged mice by immunohistochemistry. These compounds reduced interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-18, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) expression in the spleen of G. parasuis-challenged mice. Furthermore, baicalin, amoxicillin, and probenecid inhibited activation of the family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and apoptosis in the spleen of G. parasuis-challenged mice. This study showed the important roles of baicalin, amoxicillin, and probenecid in the modulation of the inflammatory response of Glässer's disease. The findings might provide new strategies for combination therapy using antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs to control G. parasuis infection.
作者：
McLaughlin, Richard William;Wang, Yalu;Zhang, Shuya;Xie, HaiXia;Wan, XiaoLing;...
期刊：
ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY,2025年118(1):1-12 ISSN：0003-6072
通讯作者：
JinSong Zheng
作者机构：
[McLaughlin, Richard William; Wang, Yalu; Hao, Yujiang; Zheng, Jinsong; Wang, Chaoqun; Liu, Hui] Innovation Research Center for Aquatic Mammals;Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China;School of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Gateway Technical College, Kenosha, USA;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;[Xie, HaiXia; Zhang, Shuya] State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology
通讯机构：
[JinSong Zheng] I;Innovation Research Center for Aquatic Mammals;Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
摘要：
Proteus faecis is a gram-negative facultative anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium capable of swarming motility. It has been isolated from numerous sources such as humans, animals, and refuse and is considered potentially pathogenic towards humans. In this study, bacteria were isolated from the blowhole of a Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis; YFP) living in captivity in China. One bacterium, P. faecis porpoise, was isolated and whole genome sequencing done. Biofilm formation, motility and antimicrobial resistance were also investigated. To find putative virulence factors, the genome of P. faecis strain porpoise was compared to the genomic sequences of eight other P. faecis isolates using the Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center (BV-BRC) (
https://www.bv-brc.org/
). The goal of this study was to initially characterize the pathogenicity of this bacterium isolated from a cetacean species using both pathogenomics and conventional approaches.
摘要：
Simple Summary: Intestinal health is related to the healthy and efficient breeding of piglets, which needs to be focused on in the post-antibiotic era. Microecological agents play an important role in improving the intestinal health of piglets; however, many of the mechanisms have not been characterized. In the present study, we present an updated report of Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics on the growth performance, intestinal flora structure and plasma metabolome of weaned piglets. Our outcomes demonstrate that Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics improve the antioxidant function and reduce the mortality of piglets by regulating the structure of intestinal flora and upregulating the content of coenzyme Q10 in serum. Our findings provide an important theoretical basis for the application of Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics in piglet production and provide new data for the healthy and efficient breeding of piglets. Probiotics and their postbiotics have the potential to improve the health and growth performance of piglets, which has brought them widespread attention in the post-antibiotic era. In the present study, the effects of dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics on the growth performance, intestinal flora structure and plasma metabolome of weaned piglets were investigated. A total of 816 healthy male piglets with uniform weight were divided into two treatment groups: piglets in the control (CTR) group were fed with a basic diet, and the ones in the LAC group were fed with the basic diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics. There were six replicates in each group and 68 piglets in each replicate. The animal trial lasted for 30 days. The feces and blood of piglets were collected for investigation, and the growth performance during the trial was counted. Our outcomes show that dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics had no effect on the growth performance of piglets; however, it reduced the mortality rate of piglets by 6.37%. The levels of total superoxide dismutase in the serum, propionic acid and butyric acid in the feces were elevated, and the content of malondialdehyde in the serum was decreased with Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics-treated piglets (p < 0.05). The fecal flora sequencing results show that the relative abundance of Firmicutes and monoglobus was upregulated, and the relative abundance of Bacteroides was downregulated with Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics-treated piglets (p < 0.05). In addition, the levels of propionic acid and butyric acid in the feces were positively correlated with the relative abundance of Firmicutes and negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Bacteroides (p < 0.05). The plasma metabolome results show that dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics raised the level of coenzyme Q10 in the serum, and the abundance of coenzyme Q10 was positively correlated with the relative abundance of Firmicutes and the level of total superoxide dismutase in the serum. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri postbiotics contributed to improving the antioxidant function and reducing the mortality of piglets by regulating the structure of intestinal flora and upregulating the content of coenzyme Q10 in serum.
期刊：
European Journal of Pharmacology,2025年:177750 ISSN：0014-2999
通讯作者：
Wang, Xu;Anadón, Arturo
作者机构：
[Guo, Pu; Lu, Qirong] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China;[Guo, Pu; Lu, Qirong] National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;[Guo, Pu; Lu, Qirong] MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;[Wang, Xu; Ye, Xiaochun] National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;[Wang, Xu; Ye, Xiaochun] MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
通讯机构：
[Wang, Xu; Anadón, Arturo] D;National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China<&wdkj&>MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China<&wdkj&>Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
关键词：
Chemical agents;Natural products;Neurological disorders;PGC-1α;Peptide nucleic acids;Protein
摘要：
Neurological disorders are catastrophic and challenging conditions that affect central nervous system. They constitute a major health problem worldwide and place a huge economic burden on society and individuals. Extensive evidence has shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α) is an essential macromolecule that could be targeted to ameliorate the pathology of neurological disorders. This review is the first to summarize studies that have used therapeutics targeted to influence PGC-1α transcription and/or protein abundance/stability to treat neurological diseases. Moreover, the therapeutic target role of PGC-1α has been clarified in neurological disorders from the potential therapeutic agent that targets PGC-1α, for example, chemical agents, proteins and peptides, nucleic acids, and natural extracts. The scientific evidence summarized in this review demonstrates that targeting PGC-1α is an effective strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders. Moreover, PGC-1α could be used as a target to screen or discover new safe and effective natural products, chemical compounds, nucleic acids, or proteins for treating neurological disorders. This review provides new insights that targeting PGC-1α is an efficient strategy for the therapy of neurological disorders and providing key protein target for developing and screening new, safe, and effective PGC-1α agonists against neurological disorders.
Neurological disorders are catastrophic and challenging conditions that affect central nervous system. They constitute a major health problem worldwide and place a huge economic burden on society and individuals. Extensive evidence has shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α) is an essential macromolecule that could be targeted to ameliorate the pathology of neurological disorders. This review is the first to summarize studies that have used therapeutics targeted to influence PGC-1α transcription and/or protein abundance/stability to treat neurological diseases. Moreover, the therapeutic target role of PGC-1α has been clarified in neurological disorders from the potential therapeutic agent that targets PGC-1α, for example, chemical agents, proteins and peptides, nucleic acids, and natural extracts. The scientific evidence summarized in this review demonstrates that targeting PGC-1α is an effective strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders. Moreover, PGC-1α could be used as a target to screen or discover new safe and effective natural products, chemical compounds, nucleic acids, or proteins for treating neurological disorders. This review provides new insights that targeting PGC-1α is an efficient strategy for the therapy of neurological disorders and providing key protein target for developing and screening new, safe, and effective PGC-1α agonists against neurological disorders.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is responsible for piglet diarrhea and causes substantial economic loss in the pig industry. Along with the restriction of antibiotics, natural compounds targeting bacterial virulence factors are supposed to be efficacious and attractive alternatives for controlling ETEC infection. This study aimed to investigate the influence of dihydromyricetin (DMY), a natural flavonoid compound, on the expression of virulence factors of ETEC and intestinal inflammatory injury. RESULTS: DMY interfered with the quorum sensing (QS) of ETEC K88 since it decreased AI-2 secretion and downregulated the expression of LuxS and Pfs, which dominate AI-2 production, and decreased the expression mRNA level of genes (lsrA, lsrB, lsrC, lsrD, lsrK, and lsrR) that are involved in AI-2 internalization and signal transduction. Additionally, DMY markedly dampened the expression of QS-related virulence genes (elt-1, estB, fliC, faeG), biofilm formation, cell adhesion, and stress tolerance of ETEC K88. Furthermore, DMY treatment applied to the ETEC K88 infection in mice model resulted in decreased amount of heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins, reduced production of cAMP and cGMP, downregulated protein level of CFTR and upregulated expression of NHE3 in the ileum. In addition, the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and histological damage in the ileum were significantly decreased by DMY treatment. CONCLUSIONS: DMY can inhibit the AI-2 QS and virulence factor expression, thereby attenuating the virulence of ETEC and alleviating intestinal inflammatory damage in ETEC K88-challenged mice. This study indicated that DMY has the potential to be a promising antivirulence agent for combating ETEC infection.
摘要：
Background: Subcutaneous fat deposition is associated with ducks' meat quality and the methods used to cook them. However, the reasons underlying the differences in the lipid deposition of small-sized Wuqin10 meat ducks remain unclear. Method: In the present study, to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms of lipid deposition, we comprehensively analyzed the transcriptomics and lipidomics of subcutaneous fat in Wuqin10 meat ducks with different subcutaneous thicknesses with six replicates. Results: A total of 1120 lipids were detected in the lipidomic analysis, and 39 lipids were inexorably regulated in the ducks with the thick subcutaneous layer compared to those with the thin layer; further, the up-regulated lipids were primarily triglycerides (TGs), which may have resulted in adipocyte enlargement. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis identified 265 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 119 down-regulated and 146 up-regulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in the histidine, arginine, proline metabolism signaling and adipocytokine signaling pathways. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network in Cytoscape 3.8.2 identified hub genes HSP90AA1, RUNX2, ACTN2, ACTA1, IL10, CXCR4, EGF, SOCS3 and PTK2, which were associated with the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and regulation of adipocyte hypertrophy. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings reveal the patterns of lipids and the gene expression of subcutaneous fat, providing a basis for future studies of subcutaneous fat deposition in small-sized meat ducks.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Glaesserella parasuis elicits severe inflammatory responses and vascular damage, thus resulting in high mortality and morbidity in pigs; consequently, early diagnosis and treatment are critical to controlling economic losses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to be involved in vascular endothelial inflammation. Baicalin is an effective Chinese medicinal herb with anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activity. Probenecid has activity toward multiple mammalian biological processes. Herein, we compared the effects of baicalin and probenecid on the miRNA expression profiles of porcine aortic vascular endothelial cells (PAVECs) infected with G. parasuis. RESULTS: We identified 277 known miRNAs and 540 novel miRNAs. Twelve miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in PAVECs after G. parasuis infection. Both baicalin and probenecid affected the miRNA expression profiles in G. parasuis-infected PAVECs but showed different modulation patterns. Ssc-miR-27b-5p and ssc-miR-1842 were the top differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in baicalin group comparing to control group. Ssc-miR-9851-3p and ssc-miR-1296-5p were the top DEmiRNAs in probenecid group. And Ssc-miR-127, ssc-miR-1842, and ssc-miR-9810-3p were the top DEmiRNAs between the baicalin group and probenecid group, as validated by qRT-PCR. The target genes of DEmiRNAs between various groups were subjected to KEGG and GO enrichment analyses. Hematopoietic cell lineage, insulin resistance, and AMPK signaling pathway were the top significantly enriched pathways associated with the target genes of DEmiRNAs in G. parasuis-infected PAVECs pretreated with baicalin; in contrast, B cell receptor, T cell receptor, and HIF-1 signaling pathways predominated in G. parasuis-infected PAVECs treated with probenecid. We additionally constructed co-expression and protein-protein interaction networks based on the differentially expressed target genes of miR-127, miR-1842, and miR-9810-3p. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that baicalin and probenecid regulated miRNAs associated with vascular inflammation and damage, but showed different modulation patterns. This report provided the first comparison of the effects of baicalin and probenecid on G. parasuis-infected PAVECs, and might aid in the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets to control G. parasuis infection.
作者机构：
[Liu, Yulan; Wang, Dan; Li, Shunkang; Wu, Nianbang; He, Wensheng; Kuang, Yanling; Zhu, Huiling] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China;[Gao, Qingyu; Cong, Xin] Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, China;[Liu, Liping] Beijng Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China;[Cheng, Shuiyuan] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Xin Cong] E;[Dan Wang] H;Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
This study aimed to investigate the impact of Cardamine violifolia on muscle protein degradation, the inflammatory response and antioxidant function in weaned piglets following LPS challenge. Twenty-four weaned piglets were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment with dietary treatment (sodium selenite or Cardamine violifolia) and LPS challenge. After 28 days of feeding, pigs were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg LPS or saline. Dietary supplementation with Cardamine violifolia mitigated the reduction in insulin and growth hormone levels induced by LPS. It also curbed the LPS-induced elevation of plasma glucagon, urea nitrogen, and creatinine concentrations. Cardamine violifolia reduced muscle damage caused by LPS, as evidenced by increased protein content and protein/DNA ratio and decreased TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression. Furthermore, Cardamine violifolia modulated the expression of FOXO1, FOXO4, and MuRF1 in muscle, indicative of the protective effect against muscle protein degradation. Enhanced muscle antioxidant function was observed in the form of increased T-AOC, reduced MDA concentration, and decreased mRNA expression of GPX3, DIO3, TXNRD1, SELENOS, SELENOI, SELENOO, and SEPHS2 in LPS-treated piglets. The findings suggest that Cardamine violifolia supplementation can effectively alleviate muscle protein degradation induced by LPS and enhance the antioxidant capacity in piglets.
摘要：
This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal glycerol monolaurate complex (GML) and antibiotic (acetylisovaleryltylosin tartrate, ATLL) supplementation during late gestation and lactation on the reproductive performance of sows and the growth performance of piglets. In total, 64 pregnant sows were randomly divided into control, antibiotic, 0.1% GML, and 0.2% GML groups. The GML shortened their delivery interval and farrowing duration. The ATLL increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in sows and piglets and enhanced glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in piglets, while reducing the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level in sows. The GML tended to increase milk protein in the colostrum and decreased the TNF-α of sows at lactation. Meanwhile, 0.2% GML increased the serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and interleukin-6 level in weaned piglets and decreased the TNF-α level in sows and weaned piglets. Furthermore, ATLL decreased the microbial diversity of sows, and GML tended to increase the microbial diversity of sows and piglets. The ATLL group had an increased relative abundance of Bacteroidota in weaned piglets. The GML decreased the relative abundance of Peptostreptococcales-Tissierellales, Proteobacteria, and the harmful bacteria Romboutsia in sows. Compared with the ATLL group, the 0.2% GML reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidota in weaned piglets. Interestingly, both ATLL and GML supplementation decreased the relative abundance of harmful bacteria Peptostreptococcaceae in sows. Correlation analysis also found positive effects of ATLL and GML in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant aspects. In conclusion, GML enhanced reproductive and growth performance by improving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status and maintaining intestinal flora balance, making it a promising alternative to ATLL in future applications.
作者机构：
[Chen, Xingyu] China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;[Liu, Shubin; Ding, Qianwen; Yao, Yuanyuan; Yang, Yalin; Ran, Chao] Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia;School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
通讯机构：
[Zhen Zhang] K;Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China<&wdkj&>Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
摘要：
Chicken gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining their physiological health. However, the cultivability of chicken gut microbiota is not well understood, limiting the exploration of certain key gut bacteria in regulating intestinal health and nutritional metabolism. This study aimed to examine the cultivability of chicken cecal microbiota and to provide guidance for future chicken gut microbiota cultivation. A total of 58 different culture conditions were applied to culture broiler cecal microbiota, and the culture-dependent (CD; pooled colonies form each plate) and culture-independent (CI; broiler cecal contents) samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and microbial analysis. The CD methods detected higher microbial richness (3,636 vs 2,331 OTUs) than CI methods, and the recovery rates of bacterial OTUs and genera reached 43.6% and 68.9%, respectively. The genera of Bacteroides (19.9%), Alistipes (11.0%) and Barnesiella (10.7%) were highly abundant detected by CI methods, however, there occupied a small proportion (<1.0%) of total cultured microbiota in CD methods. We then developed reference figures and tables showing optimal cultivation conditions for different gut bacteria taxa. Moreover, 81 different lactic acid bacteria strains covering 5 genera were isolated, and 15 strains had less than 97.0% similarity to known bacteria in the national center for biotechnology information (NCBI) online database. Overall, this study provides preliminary guidance in culturing specific gut microbiota from chickens, which will contribute to future studies to characterize the biological functions of key microbes in chicken nutritional metabolism and health.
摘要：
INTRODUCTION: The poultry industry constantly seeks strategies to enhance broiler growth performance and overall health. Organic acidifiers, including L-lactic acid, L-malic acid, and acetic acid, have gained attention as potential feed additives to improve animal production by modulating gut health, enhancing nutrient absorption, and supporting immune function. Despite their promising effects in other animal species, the impact of this novel compound organic acidifier on broiler performance, metabolism, and immune response has not been fully elucidated. This study aims to evaluate the effects of this compound acidifier on growth performance, serum lipid profile, antioxidant status, and immune parameters in broilers, providing insights into its potential benefits as a dietary supplement for broiler health and productivity. METHODS: A total of 240 broilers were randomly divided into four groups: a control group and three treatment groups receiving 0.25%, 0.5%, or 1.0% acidifier, with six replicates of ten birds each. Over a 6-week period, various parameters were measured, including serum triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, lysozyme, immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, IL-2, TNF-α, and gene expressions related to lipid metabolism. RESULTS: Over a 6-week period, the acidifier decreased serum triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins while also enhancing growth performance. Additionally, it raised the serum levels of lysozyme, IgA, IgM, and the SOD. Additionally, IL-2 and TNF-α concentrations in the jejunum mucosa decreased. The acidifier upregulated PPARα, AMPK, FABP1 and MTTP expressions, and downregulated APOB100. Overall, the acidifier effectively improved broiler growth performance during the early development phase primarily by enhancing hepatic lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immune function. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the acidifier may accelerate liver lipid metabolism in broilers by modulating the gene expression profiles involved in lipid metabolism.
作者：
Jie Wang;Shiqian Ran;Xin Lv;Dan Wang;Hong Chen;...
期刊：
Food Chemistry: X,2025年:102581 ISSN：2590-1575
通讯作者：
Fang Wei
作者机构：
[Jie Wang; Xin Lv; Dan Wang] Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, PR China;Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China;Zunyi Rural Development Service Center, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China;[Shiqian Ran] Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, PR China<&wdkj&>Zunyi Rural Development Service Center, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China
通讯机构：
[Fang Wei] K;Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, PR China<&wdkj&>Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
摘要：
Goat milk has gained significant attention due to its unique nutritional properties. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive lipidomics analysis of goat milk fed by a normal diet (C), dietary supplement with Schizochytrium sp. (S), flax seed (F), and their mixture (M) using UPLC Q-TOF-MS/MS. A total of 638 lipid molecules covering 16 subclasses were identified, with TG constituting over 97 % of the total lipids. Dietary supplementation significantly reduced glycerolipids (GL) content while markedly increasing ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, with group M showing the most pronounced effects on enhancing ω-3 PUFA content. The percentages of DHA-TG and DHA-GPL increased by more than 10-fold and 4-fold, respectively. Flax seed specifically increased ALA containing lipids, whereas Schizochytrium sp. predominantly enriched DHA and DPA containing lipids. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed distinct lipid profiles among the groups, highlighting the significant impact of dietary supplementation on lipid composition. In conclusion, this study provides a robust theoretical foundation for the production, nutritional evaluation, identification, and application of ω-3 PUFA-enriched goat milk.
Goat milk has gained significant attention due to its unique nutritional properties. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive lipidomics analysis of goat milk fed by a normal diet (C), dietary supplement with Schizochytrium sp. (S), flax seed (F), and their mixture (M) using UPLC Q-TOF-MS/MS. A total of 638 lipid molecules covering 16 subclasses were identified, with TG constituting over 97 % of the total lipids. Dietary supplementation significantly reduced glycerolipids (GL) content while markedly increasing ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, with group M showing the most pronounced effects on enhancing ω-3 PUFA content. The percentages of DHA-TG and DHA-GPL increased by more than 10-fold and 4-fold, respectively. Flax seed specifically increased ALA containing lipids, whereas Schizochytrium sp. predominantly enriched DHA and DPA containing lipids. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed distinct lipid profiles among the groups, highlighting the significant impact of dietary supplementation on lipid composition. In conclusion, this study provides a robust theoretical foundation for the production, nutritional evaluation, identification, and application of ω-3 PUFA-enriched goat milk.
关键词：
beef cattle;chip development;liquid chip;runs of homozygosity;single-nucleotide polymorphism loci
摘要：
Simple Summary: The evaluation and utilization of local germplasm resources still pose limitations to the efficient and sustainable development of the beef cattle industry in China. With the increasing amount of sequencing data, the development of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips has increased, enabling the evaluation, development, and utilization of local germplasm resources. Here, we developed a 40 K liquid SNP capture chip and evaluated its performance in genotyping, efficacy in population genetic studies, and practicality in identifying runs of homozygosity (ROH). These findings demonstrate that this chip not only contributes to the understanding of the genetic characteristics of local beef cattle breeds but also provides valuable genetic information for future breeding programs, thereby improving their production efficiency and economic value. The availability of genome sequences and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips allows us to investigate the various genomic characteristics of species by exploring genetic diversity to aid genetic selection. The SNP chip is a cost-effective genotyping platform essential for molecular breeding of livestock. In this study, we developed a liquid SNP capture chip suitable for five Hubei (China) indigenous beef cattle breeds based on whole-genome sequencing datasets. The panel consisted of 42,686 SNPs (similar to 40 K). These SNPs were evenly distributed on each bovine chromosome, with the majority of SNPs having minor allele frequencies >0.05 and located within intergenic regions. The performance evaluation of this SNP chip panel was proceeded by genotyping 200 individuals, revealing that this panel has a high SNP call rate of 99.48%. The SNP chip panel was further used to examine the population structure of a beef cattle population with 205 individuals and demonstrated the ability to differentiate between foreign and indigenous cattle breeds. The SNP chip was also used to determine the runs of homozygosity (ROH) within a local Hubei beef cattle population of 195 individuals. We identified 2547 ROH and several genes associated with economically important traits in the study population. Our findings demonstrate that this chip not only contributes to the understanding of the genetic characteristics of local beef cattle breeds but also provides valuable genetic information for future breeding programs, thereby improving their production efficiency and economic value.
摘要：
The poor intestinal health induced by management, stress, or infection remains a substantial challenge restricting the rapid development of the pig industry. Some natural plant bioactive components (NPBCs) have garnered considerable interest owing to their multifarious benefits, including enhancing intestinal morphology, digestion and absorption, barrier function, immune function, and regulating the gut microbiota. However, there are critical factors, such as the lack of standardized production technologies, lower stability and bioavailability, and unclear mechanisms of NPBCs, severely limiting their feeding efficacy and their application in animal production. Here, we conducted a comprehensive review of the recent advances regarding the impacts of NPBCs on pig gut health. Additionally, we highlighted the key areas that warrant further in-depth investigation. Taken together, NPBCs could be green, safe, and effective feed additives by constructively overcoming their limitations, and they are expected to have broader applications in animal husbandry.
The poor intestinal health induced by management, stress, or infection remains a substantial challenge restricting the rapid development of the pig industry. Some natural plant bioactive components (NPBCs) have garnered considerable interest owing to their multifarious benefits, including enhancing intestinal morphology, digestion and absorption, barrier function, immune function, and regulating the gut microbiota. However, there are critical factors, such as the lack of standardized production technologies, lower stability and bioavailability, and unclear mechanisms of NPBCs, severely limiting their feeding efficacy and their application in animal production. Here, we conducted a comprehensive review of the recent advances regarding the impacts of NPBCs on pig gut health. Additionally, we highlighted the key areas that warrant further in-depth investigation. Taken together, NPBCs could be green, safe, and effective feed additives by constructively overcoming their limitations, and they are expected to have broader applications in animal husbandry.
关键词：
Oxidized fish oil;Nile tilapia;Myofiber;Lipidomics;Proteomics
摘要：
To investigate the effect of oxidized fish oil on fish muscle metabolic responses and flesh quality, Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) weighing 13.73 ± 0.31 g were fed two diets for 12 weeks: a fresh fish oil (FFO) and a highly oxidized fish oil (OFO) diet. The peroxide value of the FFO and OFO diets was 2.2 meq/kg and 120.6 meq/kg, respectively. The OFO diet resulted in a decrease in growth, muscularity, nutritional value of fatty acids in the muscle, and density of myofibers. In the OFO group, the mRNA expression levels of lipolysis genes including lipoprotein lipase ( lpl ) and hormone-sensitive lipase ( hsl ) in the muscle were upregulated compared with the FFO group, while, the mRNA expression level of acetyl CoA carboxylase was downregulated. Additionally, under the positive ion mode, the levels of DHA deposition in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyl ethanolamine were reduced in the muscle of the OFO group compared to the FFO group. A total of 68 proteins were identified in the muscle, of which 42 were up-regulated and 26 were down-regulated. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the major pathways of the differentially abundant proteins were the Wnt signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and proteoglycans in cancer. In summary, the OFO diet negatively affected growth, muscularity, and nutritional value. It also inhibited the transformation of myofiber types and led to the apoptosis of myofibers.
To investigate the effect of oxidized fish oil on fish muscle metabolic responses and flesh quality, Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) weighing 13.73 ± 0.31 g were fed two diets for 12 weeks: a fresh fish oil (FFO) and a highly oxidized fish oil (OFO) diet. The peroxide value of the FFO and OFO diets was 2.2 meq/kg and 120.6 meq/kg, respectively. The OFO diet resulted in a decrease in growth, muscularity, nutritional value of fatty acids in the muscle, and density of myofibers. In the OFO group, the mRNA expression levels of lipolysis genes including lipoprotein lipase ( lpl ) and hormone-sensitive lipase ( hsl ) in the muscle were upregulated compared with the FFO group, while, the mRNA expression level of acetyl CoA carboxylase was downregulated. Additionally, under the positive ion mode, the levels of DHA deposition in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyl ethanolamine were reduced in the muscle of the OFO group compared to the FFO group. A total of 68 proteins were identified in the muscle, of which 42 were up-regulated and 26 were down-regulated. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the major pathways of the differentially abundant proteins were the Wnt signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and proteoglycans in cancer. In summary, the OFO diet negatively affected growth, muscularity, and nutritional value. It also inhibited the transformation of myofiber types and led to the apoptosis of myofibers.
