摘要:
The outbreak of mass mortality occurred in Tachysurus fulvidraco farm in Hubei province of China. The pathogenic strain of Streptococcus iniae (termed 2022SI08) was isolated and identified from diseased T. fulvidraco, based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Further, the whole genome of isolate S. iniae was sequenced and predicted to contain one single circular chromosome of 1,776,777 bp with a GC content of 37.14%. The genomic sequence analysis showed that 2022SI08 was positive for 204 virulent and 127 antibiotic resistant genes. The experimental challenge demonstrated the high pathogenicity of the retrieved isolate of S. iniae, with a median lethal dosage (LD(50)) 9.53 × 10(5) CFU/g. Histopathological examination indicated that the 2022SI08 strain could induce extensive tissue cell degeneration, necrosis, hemorrhage, and inflammation in the skin, gill, fin, spleen, liver, kidney, intestine, eye, and brain. Moreover, the innate immune enzyme activities in serum such as acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were increased significantly at 24 and 48 h post infection (hpi) and then decreased at 168 hpi. The transcriptional profile of immune associated gene in T. fulvidraco following bacterial infection was detected at each point of time, and the results revealed clear transcriptional activation of those genes, which proving their reacting and regulatory role during the response of the host against S. iniae infection. The results revealed that S. iniae was an etiological agent in the mass mortalities of T. fulvidraco and this research will be conducive for increasing our understanding on pathogenesis and host defensive system in S. iniae invasion.
摘要:
Cyanobacteria are the oldest prokaryotic photoautotrophic microorganisms and have evolved complicated post-translational modification (PTM) machinery to respond to environmental stress. Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is a newly identified PTM that is reported to play important roles in diverse biological processes, however, its distribution and function in cyanobacteria have not been reported. Here, we performed the first systematic studies of Khib in a model cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002 (Syn7002) using peptide prefractionation, pan-Khib antibody enrichment, and high-accuracy mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. A total of 1875 high-confidence Khib sites on 618 proteins were identified, and a large proportion of Khib sites are present on proteins in the cellular metabolism, protein synthesis, and photosynthesis pathways. Using site-directed mutagenesis and functional studies, we showed that Khib of glutaredoxin (Grx) affects the efficiency of the PS II reaction center and H(2)O(2) resistance in Syn7002. Together, this study provides novel insights into the functions of Khib in cyanobacteria and suggests that reversible Khib may influence the stress response and photosynthesis in both cyanobacteria and plants.
作者:
Ji, Yan;Cheng, Rui;Zhou, Xuan;Zhang, Jiaqi;Liu, Xiaodan;...
期刊:
Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2024年148:109466 ISSN:1050-4648
通讯作者:
Zhang, Chi
作者机构:
[Ji, Yan; Zhang, Jiaqi] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;[Cheng, Rui] Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, MWR &CAS, Wuhan, 430070, China;[Zhou, Xuan] Technology Center of Wuhan Customs, Wuhan, 430050, China;[Liu, Xiaodan] College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China;[Sheng, Suhong] Huzhou Shengjiang Fishery Co., LTD, Huzhou, 313018, China
通讯机构:
[Zhang, Chi] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China. Electronic address:
摘要:
To evade host antiviral response, viruses have evolved to take advantage of their noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV), a newly isolated fish rhabdovirus from diseased hybrid snakehead, has caused high mortality to the cultured snakehead fish during the past years in China. However, little is known about the mechanisms of its pathogenicity. Our study revealed that overexpression of the 30-nt leader RNA promoted SHVV replication. RNA-protein binding investigation revealed that SHVV leader RNA could interact with host 40S ribosomal protein S8 (RPS8) and 60S ribosomal protein L13a (L13a). Furthermore, we found that SHVV infection upregulated RPS8 and L13a, and in turn, overexpression of RPS8 or L13a inhibited, while knockdown of RPS8 or L13a promoted, SHVV replication, suggesting that RPS8 and L13a acted as host antiviral factors in response to SHVV infection. In addition, our study revealed that RPS8- or L13a-mediated inhibition of SHVV replication could be restored by co-transfection with leader RNA, suggesting that the interaction between leader RNA and RPS8 or L13a might affect the anti-SHVV effects of RPS8 and L13a. Taken together, these results suggest that SHVV leader RNA can interact with the host antiviral factors RPS8 and L13a, and promote SHVV replication. This study provides a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of SHVV and a potential antiviral strategy against SHVV infection.
摘要:
Oxidative stress occurs in the process of egg storage. Antioxidants as feed additives can enhance egg quality and extend the shelf life of eggs. Selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC) has strongly antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of dietary supplementation with SEC on egg quality and the yolk antioxidant capacity of eggs stored at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C. Four hundred fifty 65-week-old, Roman hens that were similar in laying rate (90.79 +/- 1.69%) and body weight (2.19 +/- 0.23 kg) were divided into 5 groups. The birds were fed diets supplemented with 0 mg/kg selenium (Se) (CON), 0.3 mg/kg Se from sodium selenite (SS), 0.3 mg/kg Se from Se-enriched yeast (SEY), 0.3 mg/kg Se for selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC) or 0.3 mg/kg Se from Se-enriched Cardamine violifolia and 0.3 mg/kg Se from Se-enriched yeast (SEC + SEY) for 8 weeks. The eggs were collected on the 8th week and were analyzed for egg quality and oxidative stability of yolk during storage at 4 degrees C or 25 degrees C for 0, 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Dietary SEC and SEC + SEY supplementation increased the Haugh unit (HU) and albumen foam stability in eggs stored at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C (p < 0.05). SS and SEC supplementation increased the yolk index in eggs stored at 25 degrees C (p < 0.05). SEC or SEC + SEY slowed down an increase in albumen pH and gel firmness in eggs stored at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C (p < 0.05). Moreover, SEC or SEC + SEY alleviated the increase in malonaldehyde (MDA), and the decrease in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in yolks stored at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C (p < 0.05). These results indicate that SEC mitigated egg quality loss and improved the antioxidant capacity of yolks during storage. SEC supplementation would be advantageous to extend the shelf life of eggs.
关键词:
Gansulinema gen. nov.;Komarkovaeasiopsis gen. nov.;cyanobacteria;polyphasic methods;taxonomy
摘要:
To increase the understanding of simple thin filamentous cyanobacteria in harsh environmental areas, we previously isolated and identified four strains (XN101, XN102, GS121, NX122) from desert soils and hot spring in China. As a result, two new Oculatellacean genera of these four strains, Gansulinema gen. nov. and Komarkovaeasiopsis gen. nov., are described based on a polyphasic approach. The ultrastructure of these strains showed a similar arrangement of peripheral thylakoids with three to four parallel layers, indicating that they belonged to the orders Nodosilineales, Oculatellales, or Leptolyngbyales. In the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, two sequences of the Gansulinema strains and the two sequences of the Komarkovaeasiopsis strains formed two independent and robust clusters, within the order Oculatellales. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains of Komarkovaeasiopsis and Gansulinema showed low identity to each other (≤93.2%) and to other sequences of the Oculatellacean genera (≤94.5% and ≤93.3%, respectively). Furthermore, the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer rRNA region secondary structures of strains of Komarkovaeasiopsis and Gansulinema were not consistent with all existing descriptions of Oculatellacean taxa. These data suggest that cyanobacterial communities are rich sources of new taxa in under-exploited areas, such as desert soils and hot spring in China.
关键词:
ferroptosis;natural active compounds;liver disease;therapeutic implications
摘要:
Ferroptosis is an emerging type of regulated cell death usually accompanied by the accumulation of ferrous ions (Fe2+) and lipid peroxides. As the metabolic hub of the body, the liver is crucial for iron storage and lipid metabolism. The liver seems to be closely related to ferroptosis through iron and lipid metabolism. Liver disease greatly threatens host health, and exploring effective interventions is essential. Mounting studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis is one of the possible pathogenic mechanisms involved in liver disease. Targeting ferroptosis may provide a promising opportunity for treating liver disease. However, drugs targeting ferroptosis are extremely limited. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop new and safe ferroptosis regulators. Natural active compounds (NAC), especially those derived from traditional Chinese medicine, have recently shown great therapeutic potential in liver disease via modulating ferroptosis-related genes or pathways. Here, we outline the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and systematically summarize the regulatory function of NAC on ferroptosis in liver disease. Finally, we discuss the application prospects and potential problems concerning NAC as ferroptosis regulators for managing liver disease.
摘要:
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused severe damage to the global pig industry in the past 20 years, creating an urgent demand for the development of associated medications. Flavonoids have emerged as promising candidates for combating coronaviruses. It is believed that certain flavonoids can directly inhibit the 3C-like protease (3CL(pro)), thus displaying antiviral activity against coronaviruses. In this investigation, we applied a flavonoid library to screen for natural compounds against PEDV 3CL(pro). Baicalein and baicalin were found to efficiently inhibit PEDV 3CL(pro)in vitro, with the IC(50) value of 9.50 ± 1.02 μM and 65.80 ± 6.57 μM, respectively. A docking analysis supported that baicalein and baicalin might bind to the active site and binding pocket of PEDV 3CL(pro). Moreover, both baicalein and baicalin successfully suppressed PEDV replication in Vero and LLC-PK1 cells, as indicated by reductions in viral RNA, protein, and titer. Further investigation revealed that baicalein and baicalin mainly inhibited the early viral replication of the post-entry stage. Furthermore, baicalein showed potential effects on the attachment or invasion step of PEDV. Collectively, our findings provide experimental proof for the inhibitory effects of baicalein and baicalin on PEDV 3CL(pro) activity and PEDV infection. These discoveries may introduce novel therapeutic strategies for controlling porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED).
摘要:
The present study was conducted to decipher the protection effects of ellagic acid (EA) on piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Thirty 7-day-old piglets were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: control, PEDV, and EA + PEDV groups. After a 3-day period of adaption, piglets in the EA + PEDV group were orally administered with 20 mg/kg·BW EA during days 4-11 of the trial. On day 8, piglets were orally administered with PEDV at a dose of 10(6) TCID(50) (50% tissue culture infectious dose) per pig. Additionally, intestinal porcine epithelial (IPEC-1) cells infected with PEDV were used to investigate the anti-PEDV effect of EA in vitro. The results showed that EA at a dose of 10-40 μmol/L increased the viability of PEDV-infected IPEC-1 cells, and EA administration mitigated intestinal edema in piglets challenged with PEDV. Further studies indicated that EA treatment significantly increased the proportion of white blood cells in blood and concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 in the serum, but decreased the TNF-α content and gene expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CXCL2 in the jejunum. Moreover, EA intervention considerably elevated the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), but decreased the H(2)O(2) concentration in the ileum of piglets. Importantly, EA suppressed the increased expression of antiviral-related genes and proteins (including MXI, ISG15, HSP70, and p-IRF7) induced by PEDV challenge in the jejunum. Furthermore, PEDV infection increased the protein abundance of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3, which were further enhanced by EA supplementation. In conclusion, our results revealed that EA could promote the restoration of intestinal homeostasis by regulating the interferon pathway that was interrelated with the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. These findings provide theoretical basis for the use of EA as a therapy targeting PEDV infection in piglets.
作者机构:
[Liu, Mingkang; Xu, Xiao; Ma, Deying; Zhao, Ziyun; Xu, X; Wei, Yu; Li, Luyang; Dai, Ziyi] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Xue, Lingfeng] China Anim Husb Ind Co Ltd, Beijing 100071, Peoples R China.;[Weng, Yuxiao; Wang, Haifeng] P&O Biotechnol Hubei Co Ltd, Wuhan 436043, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Xu, X ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词:
protein hydrolysate;black soldier fly larvae;schizochytrium;palatability;antioxidant;diarrhea;dogs
摘要:
Protein hydrolysate from black soldier fly larvae (BSFP) has garnered great attention with its lower allergenicity, high amount of essential amino acids, and small bioactive peptides. Schizochytrium is a promising alternative source of n-3 FUFA because it has enriched docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22: 6). The aim of this study was to assess palatability, the presence of diarrhea, plasma biochemistry panels, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and immune function in beagle dogs when supplementing a mixture of protein hydrolysate from black soldier fly larvae and schizochytrium (BSFPs) into their diets. Experiment I: 24 young beagle dogs (16 males and 8 females; 4-5 months; BW: 6.40 ± 0.15 kg) were randomly divided into four groups: (1) control (CON), (2) 5% BSFPs, (3) 10% BSFPs, (4) 15% BSFPs. Their body weights and fecal scores were recorded, and blood samples were collected for analysis. Experiment II: three diets containing 5%, 10%, and 15% BSFPs were evaluated by comparing them with a basal diet (CON) to evaluate palatability. These results suggested that a lower presence of diarrhea existed in the BSFP diet than the CON diet (p < 0.05). Three treatment groups remarkably increased their total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) contents and decreased their concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in plasma (p < 0.05). Moreover, the 5% and 15% BSFPs groups had a higher calcium (CA) content in plasma, and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and contents of creatinine (CREA) and urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly reduced by supplementing BSFP in their diets (p < 0.05). Their anti-oxidative enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were dramatically enhanced, and their malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were remarkably reduced (p < 0.05). Immunoglobulin A and G (IgA and IgG) concentrations in the plasma in the 10% and 15% BSFPs groups were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, lower interleukin-8 (IL-8) contents were shown in the BSFP diets than the CON diet (p < 0.05). Similarly, the diets supplemented with BSFPs exhibited a positive effect on palatability (p < 0.05). To sum up, the diets supplemented with BSFPs significantly enhanced palatability, immune function, and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory capacity to alleviate diarrhea and improve the general health of the beagle dogs.
作者机构:
[Wang, Baoxin; Zhang, Jing; Zheng, Hao; Dong, Xia; Zhou, Ao; Zhang, Wenhua; Chen, Hongbo] School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Laboratory of Genetic Breeding, Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China;[Wang, Baoxin; Zhang, Jing; Zheng, Hao; Dong, Xia; Zhou, Ao; Zhang, Wenhua; Chen, Hongbo] Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China;[Wu, Junjing] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
通讯机构:
[Junjing Wu] H;[Hao Zheng; Baoxin Wang; Ao Zhou; Xia Dong; Wenhua Zhang; Hongbo Chen; Jing Zhang] S;Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China<&wdkj&>School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering,Laboratory of Genetic Breeding,Reproduction and Precision Livestock Farming,China<&wdkj&>Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding,Wuhan 430023,Hubei,China
关键词:
Introduction;Materials and Methods;Results;Discussion;Conclusion;Abstract;Data Availability;Additional Points;Ethical Approval;Consent;Disclosure;Conflicts of Interests;Authors’ Contributions;Funding Statement;Acknowledgements;Acknowledgments;Supplementary Materials;Reference;Dataset Description;Dataset Files;Abstract;Introduction;Introduction and Materials;Introduction and Methods;Materials;Materials and Methods;Methods;Results;Discussion;Results and Discussion;Discussion and Conclusion;Results and Conclusion;Conclusion;Conclusions;Data Availability;Additional Points;Ethical Approval;Consent;Disclosure;Conflicts of Interest;Authors’ Contributions;Funding Statement;Acknowledgements;Supplementary Materials;References;Appendix;Abbreviations;Preliminaries;Introduction and Preliminaries;Notation;Proof of Theorem;Proofs;Analysis of Results;Examples;Numerical Example;Applications;Numerical Simulation;Model;Model Formulation;Systematic Palaeontology;Nomenclatural Acts;Taxonomic Implications;Experimental;Synthesis;Overview;Characterization;Background;Experimental;Theories;Calculations;Model Verification;Model Implementation;Geographic location;Study Area;Geological setting;Data Collection;Field Testing;Data and Sampling;Dataset;Literature Review;Related Works;Related Work;System Model;Methods and Data;Experimental Results;Results and Analysis;Evaluation;Implementation;Case Presentation;Case Report;Search Terms;Case Description;Case Series;Background;Limitations;Additional Points;Case;Case 1;Case 2 etc.;Concern Details;Retraction Details;Copyright;Related Articles
摘要:
Influenza pandemic with H1N1 (H1N1pdms) causes severe lung damage and "cytokine storm," leading to higher mortality and global health emergencies in humans and animals. Explaining host antiviral molecular mechanisms in response to H1N1pdms is important for the development of novel therapies. In this study, we organised and analysed multimicroarray data for mouse lungs infected with different H1N1pdm and nonpandemic H1N1 strains. We found that H1N1pdms infection resulted in a large proportion of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the infected lungs compared with normal lungs, and the number of DEGs increased markedly with the time of infection. In addition, we found that different H1N1pdm strains induced similarly innate immune responses and the identified DEGs during H1N1pdms infection were functionally concentrated in defence response to virus, cytokine-mediated signalling pathway, regulation of innate immune response, and response to interferon. Moreover, comparing with nonpandemic H1N1, we identified ten distinct DEGs (AREG, CXCL13, GATM, GPR171, IFI35, IFI47, IFIT3, ORM1, RETNLA, and UBD), which were enriched in immune response and cell surface receptor signalling pathway as well as interacted with immune response-related dysregulated genes during H1N1pdms. Our discoveries will provide comprehensive insights into host responding to pandemic with influenza H1N1 and find broad-spectrum effective treatment.
期刊:
Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications,2024年7:100471 ISSN:2666-8939
通讯作者:
Eakapol Wangkahart<&wdkj&>Pongsak Khunrae
作者机构:
[Eakapol Wangkahart; Janjira Phudkliang; Sirinya Pholchamat; Phitcharat Sunthamala] Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand;Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management, Mahasarakham University, Talad Sub-district, Muang, Maha Sarakham, 44000, Thailand;[Nonthiwat Taesuk] Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand;[Anut Chantiratikul] Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Animal Science, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand;[Hongsen Xu] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
通讯机构:
[Eakapol Wangkahart] L;[Pongsak Khunrae] D;Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand<&wdkj&>Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
摘要:
This study aimed to study the effects of single or combined dietary supplementation of xylooligosacharides (XOs), prebiotics derived from agricultural waste and mixed probiotics (Bacillus subtilis TISTR 008 and Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 1854) on growth performance, flesh quality, health condition and disease resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish received four types of diets: a basal diet (control); XOs (prebiotics); a mixture of Bacillus subtilis TISTR 008 and Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 1854 (probiotics); and a combination of XOs and a probiotic mixture (synbiotics) for 56 days. The results show that dietary prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics improved growth performance including final body weight, weight gain, average daily gain, and protein efficiency ratio compared to the control diet. Interestingly, the feed conversion ratio was improved by dietary prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics supplementation. Concurrently, innate immunity parameters such as total antioxidant, lysozyme, catalase, and glutathione S transferase were mostly higher in fish fed the prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics diets. Moreover, we observed significant increases in digestive enzyme activities, including protease, amylase, and lipase, in fish fed probiotic diets. After the feeding trial, fish were intraperitoneally injected with Streptococcus agalactiae, and the cumulative 14-day mortality rate was calculated. High survival rates were observed in all groups that received supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics in their feed. This improvement is correlated with an increase in the transcriptional levels of immune- and growth-related factors. Interestingly, this study highlights the use of prebiotics and synbiotics containing XOs to boost the PUFA n-3 and n-6 content in the fish fillets. Our findings indicate that adding XOs as prebiotics to the diet significantly enhances the overall performance of fish when compared to the effects of probiotics and synbiotics. In summary, XOs may have the potential as organic compounds derived from agricultural waste for specific probiotic and synbiotic products in the aquaculture industry when combined in the right proportions.
通讯机构:
[Xu, X ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词:
protein hydrolysate;black soldier fly larvae;schizochytrium;palatability;anti-inflammation;cats
摘要:
Protein hydrolysate has been a premium protein source in animal feed and is more easily absorbed in animal intestines compared with crude protein, which has a higher rate of pure protein and free amino acids with a high protein efficiency ratio. Previous studies have shown that black soldier fly larvae have been considered one of the most promising proteins for replacing fish meal, especially in the pet market. Recently, the synthesis and functional identification of protein hydrolysate from black soldier fly larvae (BSFP) have received a great deal of attention. In addition, schizochytrium is a marine microalga which has a high content of lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially an abundant docosahexaenoic (DHA) concentration. Previous research has demonstrated that schizochytrium is promisingly able to substitute for soybean and fish oil in feed and possesses some physiological functions. The objective of this research was to evaluate palatability, plasma biochemistry, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capacity, and immune levels in cats by feeding supplementing inclusion of different levels of a mixture of protein hydrolysate from black soldier fly larvae and schizochytrium (BSFPs) in diets. In the feed experiment, a total of 24 adult cats (12 females and 12 males; BW: 3.02 +/- 0.06 kg) were randomly divided into four groups: (1) diet with chicken and fish meal as primary protein resource (CON); (2) diet with 5% BSFPs replacing chicken meal, fish meal, chicken oil, and fish oil (5% BSFPs); (3) 10% BSFPs; and (4) 15% BSFPs. The body weight and feed intake were recorded, and a blood sample was collected for analysis. In the palatability experiment, three diets containing 5%, 10%, and 15% BSFPs were evaluated by comparing with CON. These results suggested that different levels of BSFPs could improve palatability in cat diets by enhancing the first sniff, the first bite, and feed intake (p < 0.05). However, no significant influence existed in body weight and average daily feed intake (p > 0.05). In comparison to the CON group, 5% and 15% BSFPs significantly increased the total protein content, and all treatment groups decreased the triglyceride content and enhanced the calcium concentration in plasma; in addition, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase and the content of creatinine and urea nitrogen were significantly reduced by the supplementation inclusion of BSFPs in the diets (p < 0.05). The enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase was dramatically enhanced by the supplementation of 10% and 15% BSFPs in diets compared with the CON diet, and the activity of superoxide dismutase was increased and the malondialdehyde concentration was remarkably reduced in all three treatments (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, different levels of BSFPs in the diets significantly increased the immunoglobulin A content in plasma; similarly, the immunoglobulin G concentration was significantly enhanced by the supplementation of 10% and 15% BSFPs in the diets (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the interleukin-1 beta content was significantly reduced in the inclusion of 10% and 15% BSFPs in the diets, and 15% BSFPs remarkably decreased the content of interleukin-8 in plasma compared with the CON diet (p < 0.05). To sum up, the supplementation of different levels of BSFPs exhibited a positive effect on palatability and enhanced the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune capacity. Particularly, the addition levels of 10% and 15% BSFPs were more effective in antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and immunity.
作者机构:
[Liu, Yu; Xue, Yunda; Xiong, Jianglin; Guo, Pu; Ye, Chun; Wu, Zhongyuan; Fu, Shulin; Lu, Qirong; Li, Xuemin] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China;[Wang, Xu] National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China. Electronic address: wangxu@mail.hzau.edu.cn;[Qiu, Yinsheng] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China. Electronic address: qiuyinsheng6405@whpu.edu.cn
通讯机构:
[Wang, Xu] N;[Qiu, Yinsheng] H;National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China. Electronic address:;Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China. Electronic address:
摘要:
Deoxynivalenol is a widespread feed contaminant that leads to vomit, which results in serious symptom such as increased intestinal permeability and even intestinal mucosal necrosis. Recent studies have reported the role of quercetin in alleviating deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal injury; however, the mechanisms and targets remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to identify the mechanisms of action by using a combination of network pharmacology and molecular docking. We identified 151 quercetin targets, 235 deoxynivalenol targets and 47 porcine intestinal injury targets by searching compound database and PubMed database, among which there were two common targets. The PPI network showed that the key proteins involved are NQO1 and PPAR-γ. The PPI network showed that the key proteins involved were NQO1 and PPARG. GO analysis found that genes were enriched primarily in response to oxidative stress. The PPI network showed that the key proteins involved are NQO1 and PPAR-γ. The genes are enriched primarily in response to oxidative stress. KEGG analysis showed enrichment of the HIF, reactive oxygen species and other signaling pathways. The molecular docking results indicated key binding activity between NQO1-quercetin and PPAR-γ-quercetin. By using network pharmacology, we have revealed the potential molecular mechanisms by which quercetin alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced porcine intestinal injury, which lays the foundation for the development of drugs to treat deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal injury in pigs.
摘要:
Glaesserella parasuis, an important respiratory bacterial pathogen, causes Glässer’s disease in piglets, with potential immunosuppression. We established a piglet infection model and explored the immunosuppression mechanism to improve our understanding of the host immune response to G. parasuis. Twenty piglets were randomly divided into two groups (n = 10). The infection group was intraperitoneally challenged with 2 × 108 CFU of G. parasuis in 2 mL TSB. The control group was intraperitoneally injected with equivalent TSB. After 72 h, the piglets were sacrificed, and spleen tissue was collected. PD-1/PD-L1 expression was determined. The splenocytes were isolated to detect CD3+ T, CD3+CD4+ T, CD3+CD8+ T and CD3−CD21+cell differentiation. Via data-independent acquisition (DIA), we compared the proteomics of healthy and infected spleen tissues. Glaesserella parasuis modified CD3+ T, CD3+CD4+ T, CD3+CD8+ T and CD3−CD21+ cell differentiation and PD-1/PD-L1 expression in the spleen. The infection group had 596 proteins with significant differences in expression, of which 301 were significantly upregulated and 295 downregulated. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were mainly related to immune responses. This is the first study on PD-1/PD-L1 expression in the spleen associated with immunosuppression in a piglet model to explore the protein changes related to immune responses via DIA.
作者:
Ming Cheng;Ye Tao;Chunwei Wang;Ao Li;Ming Cheng Ming Cheng Ming Cheng;...
期刊:
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2024年104(7):- ISSN:0022-5142
通讯作者:
Ao Li<&wdkj&>Ao Li Ao Li Ao Li
作者机构:
Department of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China;Department of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China;[Ming Cheng; Ye Tao; Ming Cheng Ming Cheng Ming Cheng; Ye Tao Ye Tao Ye Tao] Department of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China<&wdkj&>Department of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构:
[Ao Li; Ao Li Ao Li Ao Li] D;Department of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
作者机构:
[Zhang, Qi; Ge, Feng; Yang, Mingkun; Zhao, Jindong; Jia, Kun; Liu, Xin; Cao, Gaoxiang] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Freshwater Ecol & Biotechnol, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Qi; Ge, Feng; Yang, Mingkun; Jia, Kun; Cao, Gaoxiang] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Adv Agr Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Xin] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Anim Sci & Nutr Engn, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Jindong] Peking Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Prot & Plant Genet Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Ge, F; Zhao, JD ] C;[Ge, F ] U;Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Freshwater Ecol & Biotechnol, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Adv Agr Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;Peking Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Prot & Plant Genet Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
摘要:
Lysine acetylation is a conserved regulatory posttranslational protein modification that is performed by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs). By catalyzing the transfer of acetyl groups to substrate proteins, KATs play critical regulatory roles in all domains of life; however, no KATs have yet been identified in cyanobacteria. Here, we tested all predicted KATs in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (Syn7002) and demonstrated that A1596, which we named cyanobacterial Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferase (cGNAT2), can catalyze lysine acetylation in vivo and in vitro. Eight amino acid residues were identified as the key residues in the putative active site of cGNAT2, as indicated by structural simulation and site-directed mutagenesis. The loss of cGNAT2 altered both growth and photosynthetic electron transport in Syn7002. In addition, quantitative analysis of the lysine acetylome identified 548 endogenous substrates of cGNAT2 in Syn7002. We further demonstrated that cGNAT2 can acetylate NAD(P)H dehydrogenase J (NdhJ) in vivo and in vitro, with the inability to acetylate K89 residues, thus decreasing NdhJ activity and affecting both growth and electron transport in Syn7002. In summary, this study identified a KAT in cyanobacteria and revealed that cGNAT2 regulates growth and photosynthesis in Syn7002 through an acetylation-mediated mechanism. The cyanobacterial Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferase regulates the growth and photosynthesis of Synechococcus PCC 7002 through an acetylation-mediated mechanism.
摘要:
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) causes systemic infection in pigs, but its effects on skeletal muscle and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We investigated G. parasuis infection in colostrum-deprived piglets, observing decreased daily weight gain and upregulation of inflammatory factors in skeletal muscle. Muscle fiber area and diameter were significantly reduced in the treated group (n = 3) compared to the control group (n = 3), accompanied by increased expression of FOXO1, FBXO32, TRIM63, CTSL, and BNIP3. Based on mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing, we identified 1642 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 19 known DE miRNAs in skeletal muscle tissues between the two groups. We predicted target genes with opposite expression patterns to the 19 miRNAs and found significant enrichment and activation of the FoxO signaling pathway. We found that the upregulated core effectors FOXO1 and FOXO4 were targeted by downregulated ssc-miR-486, ssc-miR-370, ssc-miR-615, and ssc-miR-224. Further investigation showed that their downstream upregulated genes involved in protein degradation were also targeted by the downregulated ssc-miR-370, ssc-miR-615, ssc-miR-194a-5p, and ssc-miR-194b-5p. These findings suggest that G. parasuis infection causes skeletal muscle atrophy in piglets through accelerated protein degradation mediated by the "miRNAs-FOXO1/4" axis, while further research is necessary to validate the regulatory relationships. Our results provide new insights into the understanding of systemic inflammation growth mechanisms caused by G. parasuis and the role of miRNAs in bacterial infection pathogenesis.
摘要:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary l-glutamine (Gln) supplementation on the morphology and function of the intestine and the growth of muscle in piglets. In this study, sixteen 21-day-old piglets were randomly divided into two groups: the Control group (fed a basal diet) and the Gln group (fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.81% Gln). Blood, gut, and muscle samples were collected from all piglets on Day 20 of the trial. Compared with the Control group, the supplementation of Gln increased (p < 0.05) the villus height, villus width, villus surface area, and villus height/crypt depth ratio of the small intestine. Furthermore, the supplementation of Gln increased (p < 0.05) total protein, total protein/DNA, and RNA/DNA in both the jejunum and ileum. It also increased (p < 0.05) the concentrations of carnosine and citrulline in the jejunal mucosa, as well as citrulline and cysteine concentrations in the ileum. Conversely, Gln supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) Gln concentrations in both the jejunum and ileum, along with β-aminoisobutyric acid and 1-Methylhistidine concentrations, specifically in the ileum. Subsequent research revealed that Gln supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels for glutathione-S-transferase omega 2 and interferon-β in the duodenum. In addition, Gln supplementation led to an increase (p < 0.05) in the number of Lactobacillus genus in the colon, but a decrease (p < 0.05) in the level of HSP70 in the jejunum and the activity of diamine oxidase in plasma. Also, Gln supplementation reduced (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of glutathione-S-transferase omega 2 and interferon stimulated genes, such as MX1, OAS1, IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, and IFIT5 in both the jejunum and ileum, and the numbers of Clostridium coccoides, Enterococcus genus, and Enterobacterium family in the colon. Moreover, Gln supplementation enhanced (p < 0.05) the concentrations of total protein, RNA/DNA, and total protein/DNA ratio in the longissimus dorsi muscle, the concentrations of citrulline, ornithine, arginine, and hydroxyproline, and the mRNA level of peptide transporter 1, while reducing the contents of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde and the mRNA level of glutathione-S-transferase omega 2 in the longissimus dorsi muscle. In conclusion, dietary Gln supplementation can improve the intestinal function of piglets and promote the growth of the longissimus dorsi muscle.
摘要:
Selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC), a cruciferous plant, exerts excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity, but its effect on hepatic function is unclear. This study investigated the effect and potential mechanism of SEC on hepatic injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-four weaned piglets were randomly allotted to treatment with SEC (0.3 mg/kgSe) and/or LPS (100 μg/kg). After 28 days of the trial, pigs were injected with LPS to induce hepatic injury. These results indicated that SEC supplementation attenuated LPS-induced hepatic morphological injury and reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in plasma. SEC also inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) after the LPS challenge. In addition, SEC improved hepatic antioxidant capacity via enhancing glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Moreover, SEC downregulated the mRNA expression of hepatic myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain proteins 1 (NOD1) and its adaptor molecule receptor interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2). SEC also alleviated LPS-induced hepatic necroptosis by inhibiting RIPK1, RIPK3, and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) expression. These data suggest that SEC potentially mitigates LPS-induced hepatic injury via inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NOD2 and necroptosis signaling pathways in weaned piglets.