摘要：
At present, GPX4's role in the occurrence and development of diffuse large B lymphoma (DLBCL) is rarely reported. This study's purpose is to explore GPX4's significance in the diagnosis, treatment, and pathological mechanisms of DLBCL. The TIMER 2.0, GEPIA, and GEO databases were used to analyze GPX4's expression levels in DLBCL tissue, peripheral blood, and single cells, and evaluate its potential performance as a therapeutic and diagnostic marker. Cell experiments validate GPX4's role in DLBCL cells. And revealed the potential mechanism of GPX4's action from three aspects: immunity, pathogenic gene expression, and protein interaction. The results indicate that GPX4 can be used as a biomarker for treatment and diagnosis (FC>1.5, P<0.05, AUC>0.8, KM-P value<0.05). In single cell data, GPX4 also showed high expression in immune cells. Besides, cell experiments have confirmed that GPX4's high expression can inhibit DLBCL cells' proliferation. Meanwhile, we found a negative correlation between GPX4 and the 16 core DLBCL's pathogenic genes, and a significant negative correlation with immune B cell infiltration. In summary, GPX4 can serve as a potential therapeutic and diagnostic marker for DLBCL. GPX4's high expression can lead to a good prognosis in DLBCL patients, which may be related to its inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, high expression of key pathogenic genes, and infiltration of immune B cells.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a novel signaling molecule involved in the growth and development of plants and their response to stress. However, the involvement of H(2)S in promoting the growth and development of tobacco plants is still unclear. RESULTS: In this study, we explored the effect of pre-soaking or irrigating the roots of tobacco plants with 0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, and 8.0mM of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) on endogenous H(2)S production, antioxidant enzymatic and cysteine desulfhydrase activities, seed germination, agronomic traits, photosynthetic pigments contents, and root vigor. The results revealed that exogenous NaHS treatment could significantly promote endogenous H(2)S production by inducing gene expression of D/L-CD and the activities of D/L-CD enzymes. Additionally, a significant increase in the agronomic traits and the contents of photosynthetic pigments, and no significant difference in carotenoid content among tobacco plants treated with 0.0 to 8.0mM of NaHS was observed. Additionally, a significant increase in the germination speed, dry weight, and vigor of tobacco seeds, whereas no significant effect on the percentage of seed germination was observed on NaHS treatment. Furthermore, NaHS treatment could significantly increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes, which reduces damage due to oxidative stress by maintaining reactive oxygen species homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS: These results would aid in enhancing our understanding of the involvement of H(2)S, a novel signaling molecule to promote the growth and development of tobacco plants.
摘要：
Identifying functional enzymes for the catalysis of specific biochemical reactions is a major bottleneck in the de novo design of biosynthesis and biodegradation pathways. Conventional methods based on microbial screening and functional metagenomics require long verification periods and incur high experimental costs; recent data-driven methods apply only to a few common substrates. To enable rapid and high-throughput identification of enzymes for complex and less-studied substrates, we propose a robust enzyme's substrate promiscuity prediction model based on positive unlabeled learning. Using this model, we identified 15 new degrading enzymes specific for the mycotoxins ochratoxin A and zearalenone, of which six could degrade >90% mycotoxin content within 3 h. We anticipate that this model will serve as a useful tool for identifying new functional enzymes and understanding the nature of biocatalysis, thereby advancing the fields of synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and pollutant biodegradation.
作者机构：
[Duan, Linlin; Duan, Haitao; Li, Guozheng; Duan, HT; Jia, Dan] Wuhan Res Inst Mat Protect, State Key Lab Special Surface Protect Mat & Applic, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Duan, Linlin; Duan, Haitao; Li, Guozheng; Duan, HT; Jia, Dan] Hubei Longzhong Lab, Xiangyang 441000, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jianfang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, Bingxue] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Lab Tribol Adv Equipment, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Duan, HT ] W;Wuhan Res Inst Mat Protect, State Key Lab Special Surface Protect Mat & Applic, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;Hubei Longzhong Lab, Xiangyang 441000, Peoples R China.
摘要：
In this work, a self-assembled hybrid phosphate nanoflower (HPN) containing Ba3(PO4)2 and NaBaPO4 was synthesized via BaCO3 primary crystals inducement. A ball-on-disc reciprocating tribometer was used to explore the tribological behavior of HPN as an additive for polyalphaolefin 8 (PAO8) on titanium alloy. Compared with the neat PAO8, after being lubricated with PAO8 containing HPN, the friction coefficient and wear rate decreased by 74.98% and 99.89%, respectively. The tribofilm at the friction interface was characterized and conformed by SEM, EDS, XPS, and cross-sectional TEM. As an additive to PAO8, HPN can participate in the formation of tribofilm and exhibit superior friction-reducing and anti-wear properties for titanium alloy. It was demonstrated that due to the P-O-Ti bonds, HPN can easily adsorb and deposit at the friction interface to form a tribofilm against wear. Besides, the simulation experiments showed that the repulsive force at the solid-liquid interface between HPN and oil molecules is the key to friction reduction and lubrication, and the comparative tribological experiments of different types of base oils were performed to verify the results of molecular dynamics.
作者机构：
[Qian, Shenxian; Chen, Zhenzhen; Chen, Can; Shi, Pengfei; Qian, SX] Westlake Univ, Affiliated Hangzhou Peoples Hosp 1, Sch Med, Dept Hematol, Hangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Qian, Shenxian; Chen, Can; Kang, Dandan; Qian, SX] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, Hangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yun; Li, Y] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Biol & Pharmaceut Engn, Team Neonatal & Infant Dev Hlth & Nutr NDHN, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yun; Li, Y] Kindstar Global Precis Med Inst, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Y ; Qian, SX ] W;Westlake Univ, Affiliated Hangzhou Peoples Hosp 1, Sch Med, Dept Hematol, Hangzhou, Peoples R China.;Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, Hangzhou, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Biol & Pharmaceut Engn, Team Neonatal & Infant Dev Hlth & Nutr NDHN, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Kindstar Global Precis Med Inst, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Biomarker;CD8 + T cells;DLBCL;DLD;KDM1A
摘要：
Since the discovery of copper induces cell death(cuprotosis) in 2022, it has been one of the biggest research hotspots. cuprotosis related genes (CRGs) has been demonstrated to be a potential therapeutic target for cancer, however, the molecular mechanism of CRGs in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected in DLBCL patients has not been reported yet. Therefore, our research objective is first to elucidate the mechanism and role of CRGs in COVID-19. Secondly, we conducted univariate and multivariate analysis and machine learning to screen for CRGs with common expression differences in COVID-19 and DLBCL. Finally, the functional role and immune mechanism of genes in DLBCL were confirmed through cell experiments and immune analysis. The research results show that CRGs play an important role in the occurrence and development of COVID-19. Univariate analysis and machine learning confirm that dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) is the common key gene of COVID-19 and DLBCL. Inhibiting the expression of DLD can significantly inhibit the cycle progression and promote cell apoptosis of DLBCL cells and can target positive regulation of Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, also known as KDM1A) to inhibit the proliferation of DLBCL cells and promote cell apoptosis. The immune analysis results show that high-expression of DLD may reduce T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity by regulating immune infiltration of CD8 + T cells and positively regulating immune checkpoints LAG3 and CD276. Reducing the expression of DLD can effectively enhance T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity, thereby clearing cancer cells and preventing cancer growth. In conclusion, DLD may be a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19 infection in DLBCL patients. Our research provides a theoretical basis for improving the clinical treatment of COVID-19 infection in DLBCL.
摘要：
Introduction: The nutritional value of duck meat is well acknowledged due to its low cholesterol and high protein content. Nevertheless, the impacts of deep-frying and baking on its quality characteristics are not extensively documented in literature. Methods: The objective of this study is to examine the effects of deep-frying, pre-boilingdeep-frying, baking, and pre-boiling-baking on the quality attributes, water distribution, microstructure, and flavor characteristics of duck jerky. Results and discussion: The findings revealed that the deep-frying group had better quality attributes than the baking, pre-boiling-deep-frying, and pre-boiling-baking groups. The deepfried duck jerky had a higher a* value (4.25) and a lower b* value (5.87), with a more appropriate texture profile, and had the highest comprehensive impression score (5.84). Moreover, the drying rate was faster, and the intensity of the free water and oil signal was significantly elevated in the deep-frying group. The microstructure results indicated that the muscle fibers in the deep-frying group were closely packed, whereas those in the baking group were relatively loose. Furthermore, the GC-IMS test revealed that the deep-fried duck jerky had a wider range of volatile flavor compounds, including 11 unique compounds that were only found in this particular product.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Trapa bispinosa shells (TBs) and its flesh (TBf) have been recognized for their medicinal properties, including antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Despite these benefits, TBs are often discarded as waste material, and their applications remain to be further explored. METHODS: In this study, we optimized the solid-state fermentation process of Ganoderma sinense (GS) with TBs using a response surface experiment methodology to obtain the fermented production with the highest water extract rate and DPPH free radical scavenging activity. We prepared and characterized pre-fermentation purified polysaccharides (P1) and post-fermentation purified polysaccharides (P2). Alcoholic extracts before (AE1) and after (AE2) fermentation were analyzed for active components such as polyphenols and flavonoids using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS (ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry). Mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) were employed to compare the immune-stimulating ability of polysaccharides and the antioxidant activity of AE1 and AE2. RESULTS: Optimal fermentation conditions comprised a duration of 2 days, a temperature of 14 °C, and a humidity of 77%. The peak water extract yield and DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the water extract from TBs fermented by GS were observed under these conditions. The enhanced activity may be attributed to changes in the polysaccharide structure and the components of the alcoholic extract. The P2 treatment group indicated more secretion of RAW 264.7 cells of NO, iNOS, IL-2, IL-10, and TNF-α than P1, which shows that the polysaccharides demonstrated increased immune-stimulating ability, with their effect linked to the NF-кB pathway. Moreover, the results of the AE2 treatment group indicated that secretion of RAW 264.7 cells of T-AOC and T-SOD increased and MDA decreased, which shows that the alcoholic extract demonstrated enhanced antioxidant activity, with its effect linked to the Nrf2/Keap1-ARE pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Biphasic fermentation of Trapa bispinosa shells by Ganoderma sinense could change the composition and structure of the polysaccharides and the composition of the alcoholic extract, which could increase the products' immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity.
摘要：
Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal plant pathogen that causes grey mould and rot diseases in many crops. Here, we show that the B. cinerea BcCrh4 transglycosylase is secreted during plant infection and induces plant cell death and pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), fulfilling the characteristics of a cell death-inducing protein (CDIP). The CDIP activity of BcCrh4 is independent of the transglycosylase enzymatic activity, it takes place in the apoplast and does not involve the receptor-like kinases BAK1 and SOBIR1. During saprophytic growth, BcCrh4 is localized in the endoplasmic reticulumand in vacuoles, but during plant infection, it accumulates in infection cushions (ICs) and is then secreted to the apoplast. Two domains within the BcCrh4 protein determine the CDIP activities: a 20aa domain at the N' end activates intense cell death and PTI, while a stretch of 52aa in the middle of the protein induces a weaker response and suppresses the activity of the 20aa N' domain. Deletion of bccrh4 affected fungal development and IC formation in particular, resulting in reduced virulence. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that BcCrh4 is required for fungal development and pathogenicity, and hint at a dual mechanism that balances the virulence activity of this, and potentially other CDIPs.
摘要：
This study investigated the effects of 1 g L-1 ethylene immersion treatment for 1 min on the storage quality, antioxidant capacity and ethylene signal transduction pathway of fresh-cut lotus roots. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and polyphenol oxidase activities were increased in ethylene treatment slices, and total phenolic content was increased. The activities of peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase were increased after ethylene treatment, as well as the expression of related genes (NnPOD, NnSOD, NnCAT) was upregulated. The rate of superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical production in ethylene treatment fresh-cut lotus roots was inhibited, the hydrogen peroxide content was reduced, and the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation was decreased, which delayed browning during the early storage. However, ethylene treatment inhibited microbial growth and improved 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging capacity only during the early storage, pro-moted respiration and accelerated the decline of hardness and soluble solids content throughout the storage period. At the molecular level, ethylene treatment overall upregulated the transcription of NnmetK, NnACO, NnETR, NnEIN3, and NnERF genes and promoted ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction. This finding may be related to the senescence of fresh-cut lotus roots during late storage. These results suggest that ethylene treatment improved the antioxidant system, reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and effectively delayed the early browning of fresh-cut lotus roots, while promoting late senescence.
通讯机构：
[Ting Min] C;College of Food Science & Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
关键词：
Fresh-cut Chinese water chestnut;Ethylene;Browning;Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
摘要：
The phytohormone ethylene responds positively to abiotic stress, but its effect on quality deterioration of freshcut Chinese water chestnuts (CWCs) caused by mechanical damage remains unclear. Here, the effects of single or combination treatments of ethephon (ET) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on fresh-cut CWCs during storage at 10 degrees C for 5 d were investigated. The results indicated that ET treatment was most effective in maintaining CWCs' visual quality, followed by 1-MCP preceding ET treatment, 1-MCP treatment, and 1-MCP following ET treatment. Compared with 1-MCP treatment group, ET-treated fruit exhibited lower expressions of CwPAL, CwCHS1 and CwCHI1 and decreased activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity to inhibit flavonoid accumulation but higher catalase and superoxide dismutase and peroxidase (POD) activities and lower malonaldehyde content to maintain reactive oxygen species balance and suppress microbial growth. Nevertheless, ET treatment promoted fruit weight loss and CO2 concentration in the package, which was reversed by the preceding 1-MCP application rather than the subsequent 1-MCP treatment. 1-MCP followed by ET treatment not only inhibited the levels of flavonoid compounds and oxidation catalyzed by POD compared with the post-1-MCP treatment, but also reduced H2O2 production and microbial spoilage with a higher catalase activity. These results show that ET could maintain the quality of fresh-cut CWC by boosting antioxidant capacity, inhibiting microbial growth and suppressing enzymatic generation of browning substrates. In addition, compared with ET treatment, 1-MCP followed by ET treatment, despite showing weaker antioxidant enhancement, could inhibit the senescence of fresh-cut CWCs, suggesting its suitability for quality control of fresh-cut CWCs.
通讯机构：
[Yang Yi] C;[Ying Sun] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China<&wdkj&>College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
To promote the functional applications of lotus root polysaccharides (LRPs), the effects of noncovalent polyphenol binding on their physicochemical properties, as well as antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities, were investigated. Ferulic acid (FA) and chlorogenic acid (CHA) were spontaneously bound to the LRP to prepare the complexes LRP-FA(1), LRP-FA(2), LRP-FA(3), LRP-CHA(1), LRP-CHA(2) and LRP-CHA(3), and their mass ratios of polyphenol to LRP were, respectively, 121.57, 61.18, 34.79, 2359.58, 1276.71 and 545.08 mg/g. Using the physical mixture of the LRP and polyphenols as a control, the noncovalent interaction between them in the complexes was confirmed by ultraviolet and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The interaction increased their average molecular weights by 1.11 similar to 2.27 times compared to the LRP. The polyphenols enhanced the antioxidant capacity and macrophage-stimulating activity of the LRP depending on their binding amount. Particularly, the DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP antioxidant ability were positively related to the FA binding amount but negatively related to the CHA binding amount. The NO production of the macrophages stimulated by the LRP was inhibited by the co-incubation with free polyphenols; however, the inhibition was eliminated by the noncovalent binding. The complexes could stimulate the NO production and tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion more effectively than the LRP. The noncovalent binding of polyphenols may be an innovative strategy for the structural and functional modification of natural polysaccharides.
作者机构：
[Zhan, Shengpeng; Duan, Linlin; Tu, Jiesong; Duan, Haitao; Zhang, Wulin; Jia, Dan; Yang, Tian; Li, Jian] Wuhan Res Inst Mat Protect, State Key Lab Special Surface Protect Mat & Appli, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Zhan, Shengpeng; Duan, Linlin; Tu, Jiesong; Duan, Haitao; Zhang, Wulin; Jia, Dan; Yang, Tian; Li, Jian] Hubei Longzhong Lab, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jianfang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Haitao Duan] S;State Key Laboratory of Special Surface Protection Materials and Application Technology, Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection, Wuhan 430030, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang, Hubei 441000, China
摘要：
Geometric variables and surface chemistry of nanomaterials as lubricant additives both affect the details on the interacting frictional surface. Herein, copper phosphate nanosheets (CPNs) were synthesized by a simple and facile method, which exhibited extraordinary tribological properties as the novel lubricating oil nanoadditives. Compared with the base oil, the friction coefficient (COF) has been reduced by 77% by CPNs at a concentration of 20 wt%, which could also protect the titanium alloy surface from any measurable wear. But as the CPNs content increased to 25 wt%, the shear jamming caused by hydrogen bonding between crystal water in CPNs may interfere with lubrication. Besides, it is significantly effective in preventing the adhesions of titanium alloy on the surface of counterface at a suitable concentration. The extraordinary tribological performance is contributed to the nanosheets of copper phosphate but not the nanoparticles. Moreover, in the presence of CPNs, the tribo-film containing CPNs is formed during sliding contact, but this tribo-film can't hold for a long time without CPNs, indicating that CPNs can well retain the tribo-film. However, the dominant factor for friction reduction and antiwear is not this tribo-film but the solid-liquid interface lubrication between nanosheets and lubricating oil. The Stribeck curves were used to explain how CPNs play a role in boundary lubrication and mixed lubrication.
摘要：
This study evaluated the changes in phenolic and reactive oxygen species metabolism, and microbial diversity in fresh-cut lotus roots following ethanol treatment to elucidate the potential mechanisms of ethanol in controlling microbial growth and browning. Activity suppression and gene expression downregulation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase took place with ethanol treatment, resulting in the decreased accumulation of total phenols and soluble quinones. The total phenol and soluble quinone contents of ethanol-treated slices were 12.63% and 30.22% lower than those in the control group, respectively, after 12 d of storage. Ethanol treatment changed the level of eleven individual phenols, two of which were associated with antioxidant ability. Besides, the ethanol-treated slices exhibited the reduced production of reactive oxygen species, increased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, improved ascorbic acid contents and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging rate, and the upregulated transcriptional levels of NnGR and NnGST. Moreover, the integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses show the biosynthesis of syringin (an anti-oxidant in various medicinal plants) might be stimulated by ethanol treatment. Ethanol treatment inhibited the abundance of Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Tolumonas and Stenotrophomonas. These findings suggested ethanol treat-ment is a simple and potential technology for preserving the quality and antioxidant ability of fresh-cut products.
作者机构：
[Hu, Xuebo; Zhou, Xinxin; Zou, Dian; Luo, Biaobiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Intitute Med Plants, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Xuebo; Zhou, Xinxin; Zou, Dian; Luo, Biaobiao] Natl & Local Joint Engn Res Ctr Med Plant Breeding, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Xuebo; Zhou, Xinxin; Zou, Dian; Luo, Biaobiao] Hubei Prov Engn Res Ctr Med Plants, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xiaohua] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Life Sci & technol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Faruque, Mohammad Omar] Univ Chittagong, Dept Bot, Ethnobot & Pharmacognosy Lab, Chattogram, Bangladesh.
通讯机构：
[Jian Chen] D;[Xuebo Hu] I;Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Intitute of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan, China
摘要：
Solanum lyratum Thunb is a traditional Chinese medicinal with a significant clinical outcome for tumor treatment; however, chemicals or fractions separated from the herb did not exhibit strong and comparable efficacy. To investigate the potential synergy or antagonism among chemicals in the extract, we obtained the compounds solavetivone (SO), tigogenin (TI) and friedelin (FR) from the herb. The anti-tumor effects of these three monomer compounds alone or in combination with the anti-inflammatory compound DRG were also tested in this study. SO, FR and TI used alone did not inhibit the proliferation of A549 and HepG2 cells, but the combination of the three achieved 40% inhibition. In vitro anti-inflammatory analysis showed that DRG had a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than TS at the same concentration, and the combination of DRG with SO, FR or TI inhibited the anti-tumor effect of DRG. This is the first study that documented the synergistic and antagonistic interactions between different compounds in a single herb.
摘要：
This study investigated the effect of 0.8% (m/v) kojic acid treatment on changes in the microstructure and myofibrillar protein of duck meat covered with oxygen-permeable polyvinylchloride (PVC) film (9 +/- 0.5 mu M) during superchilled storage (-1.65 +/- 0.5 degrees C). The superchilled samples exhibited wider gaps between muscle fibers at 5 weeks storage compared with kojic acid-treated groups. Based on the variation of water status, the water-holding capacity decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and bound water and immobilized water were gradually converted into free water during superchilled storage. For kojic acid-treated samples, however, no major changes were observed with respect to muscle structure, water status, and protein degradation at 6 weeks. The 0.8% (m/v) kojic acid treatment increased the water-holding capacity, reduced carbonyl content and protein degradation, and decreased the alpha-helix contents loss of myofibrillar proteins. Kojic acid treatment effectively protected myofibrillar protein structure from being destroyed during superchilled storage, suggesting that this method was a good way to reduce protein oxidation and prolonged its shelf life.
摘要：
Metabolic dysfunction is associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development. However, omics studies investigating metabolic changes in NASH patients are limited. In this study, metabolomics and lipidomics in plasma, as well as proteomics in the liver, were performed to characterize the metabolic profiles of NASH patients. Moreover, the accumulation of bile acids (BAs) in NASH patients prompted us to investigate the protective effect of cholestyramine on NASH. The liver expression of essential proteins involved in FA transport and lipid droplets was significantly elevated in patients with NASH. Furthermore, we observed a distinct lipidomic remodeling in patients with NASH. We also report a novel finding suggesting an increase in the expression of critical proteins responsible for glycolysis and the level of glycolytic output (pyruvic acid) in patients with NASH. Furthermore, the accumulation of branched chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, purines, and BAs was observed in NASH patients. Similarly, a dramatic metabolic disorder was also observed in a NASH mouse model. Cholestyramine not only significantly alleviated liver steatosis and fibrosis but also reversed NASH-induced accumulation of BAs and steroid hormones. In conclusion, NASH patients were characterized by perturbations in FA uptake, lipid droplet formation, glycolysis, and accumulation of BAs and other metabolites.
摘要：
Nanomaterials are widely used as promising additives in tribology. In this study, large cadmium-based phosphate (CdP) microspheres assembled from nanosheets were synthesized, and the tribological performance and anti-wear mechanism of the CdPs as additives in lubricating oils were investigated using a reciprocating ball-on -disc tribometer and surface characterization techniques. Oxygen-free oil with CdP significantly reduced the friction coefficient (COF) and wear rate (WR) of TA5 titanium alloys. Compared with pure polyalphaolefin 8 (PAO8), lubrication with PAO8 containing 25 wt% CdP reduced the average COF and WR by 70.03 % and 99.56 %, respectively. The extraordinary anti-wear property was attributed to the adsorption and deposition of CdP on the titanium alloy surface through P-O-Ti bonds, which resulted in a smooth tribofilm containing CdP. This tribofilm can prevent the adhesion of debris from the titanium alloy on the worn surface of the alloy and reduce adhesive and abrasive wear. However, the adsorption of CdP on the titanium alloy was compromised when an oxygen-containing oil was used as the base oil because the oxygen-containing oil molecules can bind to the ti-tanium alloys and block the positions occupied by CdP. Based on the experimental results, it is concluded that CdP is an excellent anti-wear additive for titanium alloys.
摘要：
Improving the dispersed stability of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) is the key to its application. In this study, yeast glucan with different degrees of amination (BNs) were used as stabilizers and capping agent to prepare dispersed SeNPs. The size, storage stability, and morphology of BNs/SeNPs were characterized. Results show that BNs/SeNPs presented positive potential and spherical morphologies with average particle size about 100-300nm and kept stable at room temperature for a long time. The CCK-8 assay showed that BNs/SeNPs had significantly lower toxicity to RAW264.7 cells than SeNPs. Moreover, BNs/SeNPs could inhibit the generation of NO, IL-1β and IL-6 effectively in RAW 264.7 macrophages induced by LPS, and down-regulate the mRNA transcription of iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6 and chemokines (CCL2 and CCL5), indicating that BNs/SeNPs had good anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, aminated yeast glucan could improve the stability and bioactivity of SeNPs simultaneously, which is a promising stabilizer for SeNPs.
通讯机构：
[Hongxun Wang] H;Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China<&wdkj&>School Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
Browning limits the commercial value of fresh-cut lotus root slices. Melatonin has been reported to play crucial plant roles in growth and development. However, the mechanisms in repressing the browning of fresh-cut lotuses are still unclear. In this study, fresh-cut lotus root slices were treated with melatonin, the physical signs of browning were tested, and then the selected samples (0 d, 6 d, 12 d) were used in multiomics analysis. Fresh-cut lotus root slices with a thickness of 4 mm were soaked in a 40 mmol/L melatonin solution for 10 min; then, the slices were packed in pallets and packages and stored at 10 +/- 1 degrees C. The results show that the 40 mmol/L melatonin selected for repressing the browning of lotus roots significantly delayed the decrease in water, total soluble solid content, and Vitamin C, decreased the growth of microorganisms, enhanced total phenolic content, improved total antioxidant capacity, and decreased center dot OH, H2O2, and O-2(-)center dot contents. Moreover, this treatment enhanced phenylalanine ammonialyase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities and reduced peroxidase activities and soluble quinones. NnSOD (104590242), NnCAT (104609297), and some NnPOD genes showed a similar transcript accumulation pattern with enzyme activity. It can be seen from these results that exogenous melatonin accelerated an enhancement in the antioxidant system and AsA-GSH cycle system by regulating ROS-metabolism-related genes, thereby improving the capacity to withstand browning and the quality of lotus root slices. The microbiome also showed that melatonin suppressed the fertility of spoilage organisms, such as Pseudomonas, Tolumonas, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Proteobacteria. Metabonomics data uncovered that the metabolites of flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism were involved in the process.
