摘要：
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a prevalently toxic mycotoxin in agro-products and foods. Therefore, the development of highly sensitive analytical methods is extremely important for OTA determination. Herein, a label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on the tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) was fabricated for the detection of OTA and compared with an aptasensor based on complementary DNA (cDNA). With the introduction of TDN, the aptamers were vertically anchored on the AuE surface resulting in reduced entanglement and non-specific adsorption. Under optimal conditions, this TDN-based aptasensor exhibited a low detection limit of 0.68 ng/L with a broad linear range of 1–8000 ng/L. In comparison with the cDNA-based aptasensor (15.64 ng/L), the sensitivity was enhanced by 23 times, which demonstrated that the TDN was capable of facilitating the recognition between aptamers and OTA, giving rise to an improvement of the sensitivity. In addition, the practicability of this aptasensor was validated by determining wheat flour samples, which exhibited the comparable reliability to the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. This proposed strategy illustrated high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility and stability, indicating its promising potential application in other contaminants.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a prevalently toxic mycotoxin in agro-products and foods. Therefore, the development of highly sensitive analytical methods is extremely important for OTA determination. Herein, a label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on the tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) was fabricated for the detection of OTA and compared with an aptasensor based on complementary DNA (cDNA). With the introduction of TDN, the aptamers were vertically anchored on the AuE surface resulting in reduced entanglement and non-specific adsorption. Under optimal conditions, this TDN-based aptasensor exhibited a low detection limit of 0.68 ng/L with a broad linear range of 1–8000 ng/L. In comparison with the cDNA-based aptasensor (15.64 ng/L), the sensitivity was enhanced by 23 times, which demonstrated that the TDN was capable of facilitating the recognition between aptamers and OTA, giving rise to an improvement of the sensitivity. In addition, the practicability of this aptasensor was validated by determining wheat flour samples, which exhibited the comparable reliability to the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. This proposed strategy illustrated high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility and stability, indicating its promising potential application in other contaminants.
通讯机构：
[Liu, LZ; Zhu, Z ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430048, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Gut microbiota;Insulin resistance;Metabolomics;Psyllium husk powder;Type 2 diabetes
摘要：
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Plantain shell powder (PHP) serves as a high-quality source of dietary fiber, widely utilized in food additives and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we investigated the hypoglycemic activity and underlying mechanisms of PHP by examining its effects on intestinal microbiota and metabolism in T2DM mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ). Our findings indicate that PHP significantly enhances blood glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, reduces organ damage, and regulates blood lipid levels as well as short-chain fatty acid concentrations; notably, higher doses of PHP yielded optimal results. In addition, PHP can regulate the ratio of Bacteroidota to Firmicutes and increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroidales, Muribaculaceae, and Parabacteroides. Furthermore, PHP enhances the enrichment of key metabolic pathways, including α-linolenic acid metabolism, monobactam biosynthesis, and PPAR signaling pathways, thereby promoting the production of beneficial metabolites. Complex interactions exist among these beneficial bacteria and metabolic pathways that are associated with improved metabolic function, regulation of glucose homeostasis, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, and reduction of inflammation. Our study demonstrates that PHP can ameliorate T2DM by reversing alterations in gut microbiota and metabolic profiles caused by T2DM while promoting the regulation of beneficial microbial populations.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Plantain shell powder (PHP) serves as a high-quality source of dietary fiber, widely utilized in food additives and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we investigated the hypoglycemic activity and underlying mechanisms of PHP by examining its effects on intestinal microbiota and metabolism in T2DM mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ). Our findings indicate that PHP significantly enhances blood glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, reduces organ damage, and regulates blood lipid levels as well as short-chain fatty acid concentrations; notably, higher doses of PHP yielded optimal results. In addition, PHP can regulate the ratio of Bacteroidota to Firmicutes and increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroidales, Muribaculaceae, and Parabacteroides. Furthermore, PHP enhances the enrichment of key metabolic pathways, including α-linolenic acid metabolism, monobactam biosynthesis, and PPAR signaling pathways, thereby promoting the production of beneficial metabolites. Complex interactions exist among these beneficial bacteria and metabolic pathways that are associated with improved metabolic function, regulation of glucose homeostasis, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, and reduction of inflammation. Our study demonstrates that PHP can ameliorate T2DM by reversing alterations in gut microbiota and metabolic profiles caused by T2DM while promoting the regulation of beneficial microbial populations.
摘要：
Constipation is a gastrointestinal disorder related to intestinal flora imbalance and inflammation. Numerous clinical studies have affirmed the efficacy of psyllium husk powder (PHP) in alleviating constipation; however, the efficacy and specific mechanism of PHP in alleviating constipation still lack comprehensive and in-depth discussions. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the mechanism by which round-bracted psyllium husk powder improves loperamide hydrochloride-induced constipation in mice, focusing on gut microbiota and fecal metabolic profiles while comparing the effects of PHP interventions at varying doses to polyethylene glycol 4000 bulk treatment for a comprehensive evaluation of PHP's efficacy in alleviating constipation. Our findings revealed that PHP significantly reduced defecation time and increased fecal output, weight, water content, intestinal motility, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations while positively influencing intestinal inflammation and promoting repair of the intestinal barrier, and higher doses of PHP demonstrate optimal efficacy. Furthermore, PHP markedly modified the microbial composition in constipated mice by enhancing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, particularly Akkermansia muciniphila . UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analyses indicated that PHP contributed to elevated levels of Cucurbitacin B, BIX 01294 Trihydrochloride along with peptides like Asp-Gly-Lys-Ile-Leu and Val-Met-Met-Val-Arg among other potentially beneficial metabolites. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that PHP alleviates constipation by modulating metabolic pathways associated with SCFA production, beneficial microbiota colonization, and the reduction of intestinal inflammation, encompassing ABC transporters, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and galactose metabolism etc. In conclusion, PHP can effectively relieve constipation by remodeling the structure of the gut microbiota while enhancing its associated metabolic pathways and products.
Constipation is a gastrointestinal disorder related to intestinal flora imbalance and inflammation. Numerous clinical studies have affirmed the efficacy of psyllium husk powder (PHP) in alleviating constipation; however, the efficacy and specific mechanism of PHP in alleviating constipation still lack comprehensive and in-depth discussions. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the mechanism by which round-bracted psyllium husk powder improves loperamide hydrochloride-induced constipation in mice, focusing on gut microbiota and fecal metabolic profiles while comparing the effects of PHP interventions at varying doses to polyethylene glycol 4000 bulk treatment for a comprehensive evaluation of PHP's efficacy in alleviating constipation. Our findings revealed that PHP significantly reduced defecation time and increased fecal output, weight, water content, intestinal motility, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations while positively influencing intestinal inflammation and promoting repair of the intestinal barrier, and higher doses of PHP demonstrate optimal efficacy. Furthermore, PHP markedly modified the microbial composition in constipated mice by enhancing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, particularly Akkermansia muciniphila . UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analyses indicated that PHP contributed to elevated levels of Cucurbitacin B, BIX 01294 Trihydrochloride along with peptides like Asp-Gly-Lys-Ile-Leu and Val-Met-Met-Val-Arg among other potentially beneficial metabolites. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that PHP alleviates constipation by modulating metabolic pathways associated with SCFA production, beneficial microbiota colonization, and the reduction of intestinal inflammation, encompassing ABC transporters, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and galactose metabolism etc. In conclusion, PHP can effectively relieve constipation by remodeling the structure of the gut microbiota while enhancing its associated metabolic pathways and products.
作者机构：
[刘闪; 刘良忠; 陈阳明; 杨永生; 汪海波] College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan;430023, China;Aquatic Products Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wuhan City, Wuhan;[刘闪; 刘良忠; 陈阳明; 杨永生; 汪海波] 430023, China <&wdkj&> Aquatic Products Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wuhan City, Wuhan;[刘闪; 刘良忠; 陈阳明; 杨永生; 汪海波] 430023, China
通讯机构：
College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
