摘要：
A novel diarylheptanoid-flavonol dimer (1), named officinin C, was isolated from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance. The structure elucidation was accomplished by HR-ESI-MS and 1D and 2D NMR methods. Its xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was tested along with officinin A (2). At the concentration of 25 mu M, compounds 1 and 2 can reach 57 and 52% inhibition rates against xanthine oxidase.
摘要：
Miscanthus × giganteus is widely recognized as a promising lignocellulosic biomass crop due to its advantages of high biomass production, low environmental impacts, and the potential to be cultivated on marginal land. However, the high costs of bioethanol production still limit the current commercialization of lignocellulosic bioethanol. The lignin in the cell wall and its by-products released in the pretreatment step is the main component inhibiting the enzymatic reactions in the saccharification and fermentation processes. Hence, genetic modification of the genes involved in lignin biosynthesis could be a feasible strategy to overcome this barrier by manipulating the lignin content and composition of M. × giganteus. For this purpose, the essential knowledge of these genes and understanding the underlying regulatory mechanisms in M. × giganteus is required. In this study, MgPAL1, MgPAL5, Mg4CL1, Mg4CL3, MgHCT1, MgHCT2, MgC3′H1, MgCCoAOMT1, MgCCoAOMT3, MgCCR1, MgCCR2, MgF5H, MgCOMT, and MgCAD were identified as the major monolignol biosynthetic genes in M. × giganteus based on genetic and transcriptional evidence. Among them, 12 genes were cloned and sequenced. By combining transcription factor binding site prediction and expression correlation analysis, MYB46, MYB61, MYB63, WRKY24, WRKY35, WRKY12, ERF021, ERF058, and ERF017 were inferred to regulate the expression of these genes directly. On the basis of these results, an integrated model was summarized to depict the monolignol biosynthesis pathway and the underlying regulatory mechanism in M. × giganteus. This study provides a list of potential gene targets for genetic improvement of lignocellulosic biomass quality of M. × giganteus, and reveals the genetic, transcriptional, and regulatory landscape of the monolignol biosynthesis pathway in M. × giganteus.
作者机构：
[陈旅翼] College of Pharmacy, South-central University For Nationalities, Wuhan, 430743, China;[李赫宇] Tianjin Ubasic health Nutrition Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300457, China;[赵玲] College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
通讯机构：
[Zhao, L.] C;College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, China
关键词：
复合萃取物;降尿酸;量效关系;时效关系;葡萄籽;人参萃取物
摘要：
目的研究一种复合萃取物（主要由葡萄皮、葡萄籽、红酒萃取物及人参、枸杞萃取物组成）体内降尿酸作用的量效和时效关系。方法雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为对照组,模型组,别嘌醇组及复合萃取物高、中、低剂量（400、200、100 mg/kg）组。时效关系研究中,各组分别连续给药2、4、7、10、13、16、20 d后,ip氧嗪酸钾溶液20 m L/kg造模;量效关系研究中,各组连续ig给药7 d后,ip氧嗪酸钾溶液20 m L/kg造模;按照试剂盒方法分别测定小鼠血清及尿液中尿酸水平及肝组织中黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）活性。结果时效关系研究发现,复合萃取物组给药4 d即显示出明显的降尿酸活性,连续给药7 d后,其低、中、高3个剂量组均表现出显著的活性,且在连续20 d的实验过程中,小鼠生理和精神状态都非常好。量效关系研究表明,复合萃取物低剂量（100mg/kg）时即显示良好的降尿酸活性,并存在一定的量效关系,以高剂量组最为显著,且高剂量组还显示出显著的抑制肝脏XOD的活性。结论复合萃取物在体内具有良好的降尿酸活性,呈现一定的量效和时效关系,其降尿酸作用与抑制XOD活性有关。
摘要：
A series of studies have recently demonstrated that the release of
interleukin 1β induced by monosodium urate crystals is central to the
experimental gouty arthritis. Elaeagnus pungens has been
traditionally used for the treatment of gouty arthritis in China for more
than thousands years. However, there is still little known about the active
ingredients and mechanisms of E. pungens against gouty arthritis.
Emodinol, as a major triterpene compound in E. pungens, has been
seldom reported to have an effect on gouty arthritis. Therefore, the
potential beneficial effects and mechanisms of emodinol on gouty arthritis
were investigated in this study. Results showed that it significantly
ameliorated the hyperalgesia, inflammation, and levels of multiple
proinflammatory cytokines in monosodium urate crystals-treated mice. These
findings elucidate that emodinol exhibits a prominent effect on improving
symptoms of acute gouty arthritis induced by monosodium urate crystals
through inhibiting the generation of proinflammatory cytokines.
作者机构：
[Liang, Jing Yu; Qu, Wei; Liu, Dan] China Pharmaceut Univ, Dept Nat Med Chem, Nanjing 210009, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Ling] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Biotechnol & Pharmaceut Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liang, Jing Yu] C;China Pharmaceut Univ, Dept Nat Med Chem, Nanjing 210009, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Alpinia officinarum Hance;Diarylheptanoid;Alpinin A
摘要：
A novel dimeric diarylheptanoid, named alpinin A (1), along with two known compounds, 1,7-diphenyl-5-ol-3-heptanone and 7(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-4-heptene-3-one, were isolated from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis, including HR-IT-TOF-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. And a possible biogenetic pathway had been proposed for 1. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society.
作者机构：
[曲玮; 梁敬钰] Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;[赵玲] College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
通讯机构：
Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, China
