摘要：
BACKGROUND: With the aging of human society, more and more elderly patients have to undergo surgery and anesthesia. Clinical observations have indicated from time to time that spinal anesthesia in the elderly appears to last longer than in young people, although there is limited research in this area and the mechanism is unclear at present time. This research work is expected to help understand the decline of local anesthetic metabolism in cerebrospinal fluid of elderly patients so as to help them with precise anesthesia and rapid rehabilitation. METHODS: Twenty patients with spinal anesthesia in orthopedic lower limb surgery were selected to study the rate of drug metabolism in cerebrospinal fluid in two age groups, i.e.,18-30years old and 75-90years old. Ropivacaine in peripheral blood is used as a probe to reflect the speed of drug metabolism in cerebrospinal fluid. The contents of total Aβ protein and hyaluronic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid were investigated as well. RESULTS: The equivalent dose of ropivacaine anesthetizes the elderly group for a longer time. The metabolism rate of ropivacaine in an elderly patient was slower than that of a young patient. No significant difference in total Aβ protein between the two groups was observed while hyaluronic acid in the elderly group was significantly higher than that in the young group. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the dose of ropivacaine should be reduced when used for anesthesia in elderly patients. The cumulation of ropivacaine and HA appears to imitate the degeneration of central lymphatic circulation metabolism in elderly people.
作者机构：
[Cheng, Yahong] College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University,No.68, Xuefu South Road,Wuhan,Hubei 430023,PR China;[Huang, Puxin; Zhang, Yiyuan] Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University,No.185 Donghu Road,Wuhan,Hubei 430072,PR China;[Cheng, Qingzhou] College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University,No.68, Xuefu South Road,Wuhan,Hubei 430023,PR China. Electronic address: 01235@whpu.edu.cn;[Ding, Hong] Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University,No.185 Donghu Road,Wuhan,Hubei 430072,PR China. Electronic address: dinghong1106@whu.edu.cn
通讯机构：
[Qingzhou Cheng] C;[Hong Ding] W;Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, No.185 Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China<&wdkj&>College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, No.68, Xuefu South Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, PR China
摘要：
Epilepsy represents a prevalent neurological disorder in the population, and the existing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) often fail to adequately control seizures. Inflammation is recognized as a pivotal factor in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Luteolin, a natural flavonoid extract, possesses anti-inflammatory properties and exhibits promising neuroprotective activity. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the antiepileptic effects of luteolin remain elusive. In this study, we established a rat model of epilepsy using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) to induce seizures. A series of behavioral experiments were conducted to assess behavioral abilities and cognitive function. Histological techniques, including HE staining, Nissl staining, and TUNEL staining, were employed to assess hippocampal neuronal damage. Additionally, Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and ELISA were utilized to analyze the expression levels of proteins involved in the TLR4/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway, transcription levels of apoptotic factors, and levels of inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Luteolin exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in seizure severity, prolonged the latency period of seizures, and shortened seizure duration. Furthermore, luteolin prevented hippocampal neuronal damage in PTZ-induced epileptic rats and partially restored behavioral function and learning and memory abilities. Lastly, PTZ kindling activated the TLR4/IκBα/NF-κB pathway, leading to elevated levels of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, which were attenuated by luteolin. Luteolin exerted anticonvulsant and neuroprotective activities in the PTZ-induced epileptic model. Its mechanism was associated with the inhibition of the TLR4/IκBα/NF-κB pathway, alleviating the immune-inflammatory response in the post-epileptic hippocampus.
摘要：
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) could reduce seizure intensity and improve cognitive function in epileptic animals. Additionally, NMN exhibited inhibitory effects on neuronal apoptosis. These therapeutic effects were found associated with the down‐regulation of fission proteins (Drp1 and Fis1) and the up‐regulation of fusion proteins (Mfn1 and Mfn2) through the SIRT1‐PGC‐1α pathway, thus promoting mitochondrial energy metabolism protection. These findings suggest that NMN intervention may serve as a novel potential therapeutic approach for epilepsy seizure (SE)‐induced cognitive impairment and behavioral disorders. Targeting the SIRT1‐PGC‐1α pathway represents a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing SE. Abstract Both human and animal experiments have demonstrated that energy metabolism dysfunction in neurons after seizures is associated with an imbalance in mitochondrial fusion/fission dynamics. Effective neuronal mitochondrial dynamics regulation strategies remain elusive. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) can ameliorate mitochondrial functional and oxidative stress in age‐related diseases. But whether NMN improves mitochondrial energy metabolism to exert anti‐epileptic effects is unclear. This study aims to clarify if NMN can protect neurons from pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) or Mg2+‐free‐induced mitochondrial disorder and apoptosis via animal and cell models. We established a continuous 30‐day PTZ (37 mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection‐induced epileptic mouse model and a cell model induced by Mg2+‐free solution incubation to explore the neuroprotective effects of NMN. We found that NMN treatment significantly reduced the seizure intensity of PTZ‐induced epileptic mice, improved their learning and memory ability, and enhanced their motor activity and exploration desire. At the same time, in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that NMN can inhibit neuronal apoptosis and improve the mitochondrial energy metabolism function of neurons. In addition, NMN down‐regulated the expression of mitochondrial fission proteins (Drp1 and Fis1) and promoted the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins (Mfn1 and Mfn2) by activating the SIRT1‐PGC‐1α pathway, thereby inhibiting PTZ or Mg2+‐free extracellular solution‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction, cell apoptosis, and oxidative stress. However, combined intervention of SIRT1 inhibitor, Selisistat, and PGC‐1α inhibitor, SR‐18292, eliminated the regulatory effect of NMN pre‐treatment on mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins and apoptosis‐related proteins. Therefore, NMN intervention may be a new potential treatment for cognitive impairment and behavioral disorders induced by epilepsy, and targeting the SIRT1‐PGC‐1α pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy for seizures.
摘要：
American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®, Volume 39, Issue , January-December 2024. <br/>ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive function and the mediating role of social isolation and depression. Methods: Data came from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study wave. A self-reported item, a composite index, the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Exam were used to measure hearing impairment, social isolation, depression, and cognitive function, respectively. Mediation analysis was performed. Results: 6799 participants were included. For participants reporting mild hearing impairment and severe hearing impairment, there were significant direct and indirect effects on cognitive function. Social isolation mediated 2.75% and 6.33% of the relationship between mild hearing impairment, severe hearing impairment, and cognitive function, respectively. The direct effect of hearing impairment outweighed the mediation effect of social isolation on cognitive function. Conclusions: Decreased cognitive function linked to hearing impairment might benefit from addressing hearing impairment and social isolation in older adults.
通讯机构：
[Wei, N ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Dynapenia;anthropometric measurements;cut-off values;receiver operating characteristic curve analysis;the five times sit-to-stand test
摘要：
PURPOSE: This study evaluated whether anthropometric measurements and the five times sit-to-stand test could be used to identify dynapenia. The cut-off values of accurate screening tools for identifying dynapenia were also established. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on individuals ≥ 60 years old (N = 529). All participants underwent handgrip strength measurement, anthropometric measurements and the five times sit-to-stand test. The participants whose handgrip strength was < 28 kg for men and < 18 kg for women were considered to have dynapenia. The association between the recorded variables and dynapenia was determined using logistic regression, and cut-off values were established by performing the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of dynapenia was 35.42% in men and 25.61% in women. For males, both calf circumference (≤ 35.2 cm) and the five times sit-to-stand test (≥ 14.6 s) could be used as accurate tools for dynapenia. For females, only the five times sit-to-stand test (≥ 11.8 s) had sufficient accuracy to be used as a screening tool for dynapenia. CONCLUSIONS: The five times sit-to-stand test was an accurate screening tool for identifying dynapenia. The calf circumference could be only used as a screening tool in males.
期刊：
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness,2023年17:1-22 ISSN：1935-7893
作者机构：
[Gao, Xudong] College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China;[Li, Haiyan] Emergency Room, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;[He, Wenjie] Gastrointestinal Department, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;[Zeng, Wen] Department of Scientific research and Teaching, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, China
关键词：
COVID-19;medical students;vaccine hesitancy
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the level of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy among medical students in Wuhan, China, and to identify the factors and barriers associated with their vaccination decision. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was launched with 612 medical students recruited by convenience sampling from six universities. Data collection measures mainly included a demographic questionnaire, COVID-19 vaccine knowledge questionnaire, and the vaccine hesitancy scale. RESULTS: A total of 58.2% of medical students reported vaccine hesitancy. The most common reasons for this were worrying about the side effects of vaccines (44.4%), uncertainty about vaccine safety (40.4%), and underestimating the risk of exposure to COVID-19 (27.9%). The main factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among participants were their knowledge about COVID-19 vaccine, training related to COVID-19 vaccines, family address, and education level (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The government, health department and universities in China need to work together and actively communicate with vaccine-hesitant students, establish a standardized COVID-19 vaccine course, and provide on-campus vaccination services.
摘要：
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the associations between social isolation, loneliness, and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) among older adults in China.Methods: Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in the 2011 and 2015 waves. Social isolation and loneliness were measured by an index and an item, and MCR was defined as subjective cognitive complaints and slow gait. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between social isolation, loneliness, and MCR by gender.Results: Of 3251 eligible participants, the incidence of MCR was 10.03%. Social isolation and loneliness were not significantly associated with incident MCR in men. Loneliness was positively associated with incident MCR in women (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.01), while social isolation was not.Conclusions: Loneliness is associated with incident MCR among female older adults in China. More attention is advised to be paid to loneliness among female older adults, to hold promise for the prevention and reduction of MCR.
摘要：
To summarize the nursing experience of treating pediatric fulminant myocarditis with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The intensive care unit of our hospital treated 6 children with fulminant myocarditis with ECMO from 2019 to 2022. The main nursing measures included establishing an ECMO rescue team, preparing before initiation of ECMO, management of arterial and venous catheters, enteral nutrition support, reducing the risk of infection aggravation, anticoagulation management, prevention of bleeding and thrombosis, management of ECMO pump failure, and post-ECMO care. One child's family abandoned treatment and left the hospital, while the other 5 children were transferred to the cardiovascular department after stable weaning from ECMO and continued treatment, with good condition, and eventually discharged. Pediatric fulminant myocarditis has a high mortality rate, but detailed evaluation and nursing care can improve the outcome of these patients.
摘要：
Phthalides are a class of unique compounds such as ligustilide, butylphthalide and butyldenephthalide, which have shown to possess multiple bioactivities in new drug research and development. Phthalides are naturally distributed in different plants that have been utilized as herbal treatments for various ailments with a long history in Asia, Europe and North America. Their extensive biological activity has led to a dramatic increase in the study of phthalide compounds in recent years. This review summarizes the latest research progress of plant-derived phthalides, and a total of 133 phthalide compounds are described based on the characteristics of chemical structures. Pharmacological properties of plant-derived phthalides are associated with hemorheological improvement, vascular function modulation and central nervous system protection. Potential treatments for a variety of diseases mainly including cardio-cerebrovascular disorders and neurological complications such as Alzheimer's disease are also concluded. In addition, key metabolic pathways have been clearly elucidated. Further investigations on the molecular mechanisms involved in biological activity are recommended for offering new insights into profound comprehension of phthalide applications.
摘要：
Background: Migraine is a common neurovascular disorder with typical throbbing and unilateral headaches, causing a considerable healthcare burden on the global economy. This research aims to prepare chitosan-alginate (CS-AL) nanoparticles (NPs) containing Foshousan oil (FSSO) and investigate its potential therapeutic effects on the treatment of migraine.Methods: FSSO-loaded CS-AL NPs were prepared by using the single emulsion solvent evaporation method. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 cells and nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine mice were further used to explore anti-migraine activities and potential mechanisms of this botanical drug.Results: FSSO-loaded CS-AL NPs (212.1 & PLUSMN; 5.2 nm, 45.1 & PLUSMN; 6.2 mV) had a well-defined spherical shape with prolonged drug release and good storage within 4 weeks. FSSO and FSSO-loaded CS-AL NPs (5, 10, and 15 & mu;g/mL) showed anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-treated BV-2 cells via reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-& alpha; (TNF-& alpha;), interleukin-1 & beta; (IL-1 & beta;), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide (NO), but elevating interleukin-10 (IL-10) expressions. Moreover, FSSO-loaded CS-AL NPs (52 and 104 mg/kg) raised pain thresholds against the hot stimulus and decreased acetic acid-induced writhing frequency and foot-licking duration in NTG-induced migraine mice. Compared with the model group, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and NO levels were downregulated, but 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and endothelin (ET) levels were upregulated along with rebalanced ET/NO ratio, and vasomotor dysfunction was alleviated by promoting cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the FSSO-loaded CS-AL NPs (104 mg/kg) group.Conclusion: FSSO-loaded CS-AL NPs could attenuate migraine via inhibiting neuroinflammation in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells and regulating vasoactive substances in NTG-induced migraine mice. These findings suggest that the FSS formula may be exploited as new phytotherapy for treating migraine.
