期刊：
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY,2026年32(3):676-688 ISSN：0929-8673
作者机构：
[Wenbin Liu] College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic
University, Wuhan, 430023, China;[Muhammad Umer] Research Center of Forest
Ecology, Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou and Forestry College, Guizhou University,
Guiyang, 550025, China;[Yang Xu] Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering Wuhan China;[Jixin Chen; Yi He; Shiya Wei; Zhangqian Wang; Chao Gao] National R&[Jixin Chen; Yi He; Shiya Wei; Zhangqian Wang; Chao Gao] D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center
for Deep Processing of Green Se-rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science
and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
摘要：
Introduction: G-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-classical high-level structures that are formed by DNA/RNA sequences and have been a promising target for developing antitumor drugs. However, it is still a challenge to find a ligand that binds to a particular G4 with selectivity. Telomeric multimeric G4s are more accessible for screening for specific ligands due to their higher-order structure compared with telomeric monomeric G4s.<&wdkj&>Methods : In this study, the natural product berberine was found to exhibit a higher selectivity for telomeric multimeric G4 in comparison with other G4s. The mechanism of interaction between telomeric G4s and berberine was further investigated by fluorescence spectra measurements, job plot analysis, and UV titrations. We found that there are three binding sites for berberine on telomeric dimeric G-quadruplex Tel45, which are located at the 5' and 3' terminal G-quartet surfaces and the pocket between the two quadruplex units of Tel45. It was worth noting that the berberine preferred to interact within the interfacial cavity between two G4 units.<&wdkj&>Results : Moreover, via dynamic light scattering (DLS) and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native-PAGE) assays, it was found that the particle size of the telomeric multimeric G4s conformation was significantly increased by the addition of berberine. In contrast, the particle sizes of Tel21 did not change significantly after the addition of berberine. An immunofluorescence assay indicated that berberine induced the formation of endogenous telomeric G4 structures along with the related telomeric DNA damage response.<&wdkj&>Conclusion: This study provides a hypothetical basis for the development of natural products targeting telomeric G4 as antitumor drugs.
作者机构：
[Xu, Yang; He, Yi; Wang, Zhangqian; Gao, Chao; Zou, Yihan] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Se Rich Agr Prod Proc, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Deep Proc Green Se Rich Agr Pro, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Tao] Chinese Acad Sci, Hefei Inst Phys Sci, High Magnet Field Lab, Hefei, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Dehua; Xie, Congbao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Luo, DH ] H;[He, Y ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Se Rich Agr Prod Proc, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Deep Proc Green Se Rich Agr Pro, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
3′‐untranslated region;G‐quadruplexes;antiviral target;potato virus Y
摘要：
Acid-catalyzed organosolv pretreatments using various acids and organic solvents have been widely studied for biomass fractionation. However, few studies have explored whether specific combinations of acids and solvents are necessary to achieve optimal enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis. In this study, organosolv pretreatments were performed on corn stover under mild conditions (120 °C, 2 h) using four biomass-derived solvents (ethylene glycol (EG), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), dimethyl isosorbide (DMI), and γ-valerolactone (GVL)) in an 80:20 solvent-to-water weight ratio, combined with four acids (HCl, H 2 SO 4 , AlCl 3 and p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH)) as catalysts (0.1 mol/L). The results showed specific interactions between the acid and solvent. HCl- and AlCl 3 -catalyzed GVL/H 2 O, HCl- and TsOH-catalyzed EG/H 2 O, and HCl-catalyzed DMI/H 2 O exhibited high pretreatment efficacy, achieving enzymatic glucose yields of approximately 80 % after 48 h of hydrolysis. The evaluation of solvent effects using Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSP) revealed no clear correlation with delignification, likely due to the influence of acidic catalysts and the formation of condensed lignin and pseudo-lignin, which may distort the delignification data. Additionally, the chemical composition and cellulose-related factors (accessibility, degree of polymerization and crystallinity) of pretreated biomass were analyzed and correlated with enzymatic glucose yield to evaluate their effects on biomass saccharification. In summary, this study underscores the specificity of acids in organosolv biomass pretreatment and cautions against relying solely on HSP theory for solvent selection when using acidic catalysts.
Acid-catalyzed organosolv pretreatments using various acids and organic solvents have been widely studied for biomass fractionation. However, few studies have explored whether specific combinations of acids and solvents are necessary to achieve optimal enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis. In this study, organosolv pretreatments were performed on corn stover under mild conditions (120 °C, 2 h) using four biomass-derived solvents (ethylene glycol (EG), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), dimethyl isosorbide (DMI), and γ-valerolactone (GVL)) in an 80:20 solvent-to-water weight ratio, combined with four acids (HCl, H 2 SO 4 , AlCl 3 and p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH)) as catalysts (0.1 mol/L). The results showed specific interactions between the acid and solvent. HCl- and AlCl 3 -catalyzed GVL/H 2 O, HCl- and TsOH-catalyzed EG/H 2 O, and HCl-catalyzed DMI/H 2 O exhibited high pretreatment efficacy, achieving enzymatic glucose yields of approximately 80 % after 48 h of hydrolysis. The evaluation of solvent effects using Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSP) revealed no clear correlation with delignification, likely due to the influence of acidic catalysts and the formation of condensed lignin and pseudo-lignin, which may distort the delignification data. Additionally, the chemical composition and cellulose-related factors (accessibility, degree of polymerization and crystallinity) of pretreated biomass were analyzed and correlated with enzymatic glucose yield to evaluate their effects on biomass saccharification. In summary, this study underscores the specificity of acids in organosolv biomass pretreatment and cautions against relying solely on HSP theory for solvent selection when using acidic catalysts.
摘要：
In this study, the changes in functional properties and binding mechanisms at the molecular level of a non-covalent complex formed between sweet potato leaf polyphenols (SPLPs) and rice bran albumin (RBA) were investigated. Multi-spectral analysis indicated that SPLPs statically quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of RBA, and fitting to a double logarithmic equation revealed that hydrogen bonding constituted the primary driving force behind this interaction. Consequently, the conformational structure, microenvironment, and surface hydrophobicity of RBA were significantly impacted. With 7 μmol/L of SPLPs added to RBA, the emulsifying activity and stability of the complexes were enhanced by 45.71 % and 392.30 %, respectively, compared to RBA. Similarly, the thermal stability of 3,5-diCQA was enhanced by 176.29 %, alongside an improved ultraviolet tolerance. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations clarified that the A0A191ANP5, B8AHL6 and P52428 subunit in RBA has a stronger affinity with the most abundant polyphenols in SPLPs, which was the 3,5-disubstituted caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA). These findings may furnish a theoretical foundation for the prospective utilization of SPLPs and RBA complex products as functional food ingredients.
In this study, the changes in functional properties and binding mechanisms at the molecular level of a non-covalent complex formed between sweet potato leaf polyphenols (SPLPs) and rice bran albumin (RBA) were investigated. Multi-spectral analysis indicated that SPLPs statically quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of RBA, and fitting to a double logarithmic equation revealed that hydrogen bonding constituted the primary driving force behind this interaction. Consequently, the conformational structure, microenvironment, and surface hydrophobicity of RBA were significantly impacted. With 7 μmol/L of SPLPs added to RBA, the emulsifying activity and stability of the complexes were enhanced by 45.71 % and 392.30 %, respectively, compared to RBA. Similarly, the thermal stability of 3,5-diCQA was enhanced by 176.29 %, alongside an improved ultraviolet tolerance. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations clarified that the A0A191ANP5, B8AHL6 and P52428 subunit in RBA has a stronger affinity with the most abundant polyphenols in SPLPs, which was the 3,5-disubstituted caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA). These findings may furnish a theoretical foundation for the prospective utilization of SPLPs and RBA complex products as functional food ingredients.
摘要：
The rapid expansion of electronics and electric vehicle industries has substantially increased electronic waste generation, exacerbating soil and water lithium (Li) contamination. Despite growing environmental concerns, research on Li phytotoxicity mechanisms remains limited. This study investigated Li tolerance in Cardamine violifolia using controlled exposure to lithium chloride (LiCl) at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg L −1 . Key findings demonstrate that 400 mg L −1 LiCl (a high-concentration exposure) significantly reduced biomass and total chlorophyll content by 37.1 % and 15.6 %, respectively; relative to control. Conversely, 100 mg L −1 LiCl elevated total chlorophyll content by 8.5 %. Tissue Li accumulation exhibited concentration-dependent increases, reaching maximal values of 251.30 mg kg −1 FW in shoots and 12.71 mg kg −1 FW in roots under 400 mg L −1 exposure. These accumulation levels represented 6.1-fold and 4.7-fold compared to those observed under 50 mg L −1 LiCl treatment. Subcellular analysis revealed Li predominantly localized in cell walls (38.6–48.1 % in shoots; 53.0–64.4 % in roots) and soluble components (31.2–40.1 % in shoots; 15.9–29.3 % in roots), with the ethanol-extractable fraction (93.1–94.3 % in shoots; 85.8–90.8 % in roots) representing its dominant speciation form. Critically, lipidomic profiling indicated that C. violifolia enhances Li stress tolerance through shoot- and root-specific lipid remodeling: triacylglycerols (TG) mitigate toxicity via hydrophobic interactions and low phase transition properties, while ceramides (Cer) modulate root antioxidant systems. These results elucidate physiological and molecular adaptations underlying C. violifolia 's exceptional Li tolerance, laying the groundwork for its further investigation in remediation of Li-contaminated soils.
The rapid expansion of electronics and electric vehicle industries has substantially increased electronic waste generation, exacerbating soil and water lithium (Li) contamination. Despite growing environmental concerns, research on Li phytotoxicity mechanisms remains limited. This study investigated Li tolerance in Cardamine violifolia using controlled exposure to lithium chloride (LiCl) at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg L −1 . Key findings demonstrate that 400 mg L −1 LiCl (a high-concentration exposure) significantly reduced biomass and total chlorophyll content by 37.1 % and 15.6 %, respectively; relative to control. Conversely, 100 mg L −1 LiCl elevated total chlorophyll content by 8.5 %. Tissue Li accumulation exhibited concentration-dependent increases, reaching maximal values of 251.30 mg kg −1 FW in shoots and 12.71 mg kg −1 FW in roots under 400 mg L −1 exposure. These accumulation levels represented 6.1-fold and 4.7-fold compared to those observed under 50 mg L −1 LiCl treatment. Subcellular analysis revealed Li predominantly localized in cell walls (38.6–48.1 % in shoots; 53.0–64.4 % in roots) and soluble components (31.2–40.1 % in shoots; 15.9–29.3 % in roots), with the ethanol-extractable fraction (93.1–94.3 % in shoots; 85.8–90.8 % in roots) representing its dominant speciation form. Critically, lipidomic profiling indicated that C. violifolia enhances Li stress tolerance through shoot- and root-specific lipid remodeling: triacylglycerols (TG) mitigate toxicity via hydrophobic interactions and low phase transition properties, while ceramides (Cer) modulate root antioxidant systems. These results elucidate physiological and molecular adaptations underlying C. violifolia 's exceptional Li tolerance, laying the groundwork for its further investigation in remediation of Li-contaminated soils.
摘要：
Diabetic wounds exhibit excessive local inflammation, oxidative stress, microcirculatory disorders, and an increased risk of infection, all of which contribute to delayed healing. The development of multifunctional wound dressings is therefore critical for effective diabetic wound management. This study successfully designed and fabricated multilayer multifunctional hydrogel microspheres (COQTCu) composed of methacrylated carboxymethyl chitosanc (CSMA), oxidized carboxymethyl starch (OCMS), quaternized chitin (QC), tannic acid (TA), and copper ions (Cu 2+ ). The microspheres were constructed using photopolymerization, Schiff base reactions, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and chelation, resulting in distinct surface morphologies and sequentially reduced diameters with each additional layer. COQTCu microspheres exhibited robust mechanical strength, excellent injectability, potent antibacterial activity, high biocompatibility, and sustained Cu 2+ release. Detailed structural analyses using fluorescently labeled molecules (OCMS-DAPI, QC-FITC, and TA-Cy5) confirmed the successful assembly of the multilayer architecture. In vitro studies demonstrated that COQTCu microspheres significantly enhanced antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cell migration properties. Moreover, in a diabetic wound model, treatment with COQTCu accelerated wound healing, promoted angiogenesis, reduced inflammation, and improved collagen accumulation and maturation. Overall, the multilayer multifunctional COQTCu hydrogel microspheres represent a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound treatment and provide valuable insights for the future design of advanced tissue repair materials.
Diabetic wounds exhibit excessive local inflammation, oxidative stress, microcirculatory disorders, and an increased risk of infection, all of which contribute to delayed healing. The development of multifunctional wound dressings is therefore critical for effective diabetic wound management. This study successfully designed and fabricated multilayer multifunctional hydrogel microspheres (COQTCu) composed of methacrylated carboxymethyl chitosanc (CSMA), oxidized carboxymethyl starch (OCMS), quaternized chitin (QC), tannic acid (TA), and copper ions (Cu 2+ ). The microspheres were constructed using photopolymerization, Schiff base reactions, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and chelation, resulting in distinct surface morphologies and sequentially reduced diameters with each additional layer. COQTCu microspheres exhibited robust mechanical strength, excellent injectability, potent antibacterial activity, high biocompatibility, and sustained Cu 2+ release. Detailed structural analyses using fluorescently labeled molecules (OCMS-DAPI, QC-FITC, and TA-Cy5) confirmed the successful assembly of the multilayer architecture. In vitro studies demonstrated that COQTCu microspheres significantly enhanced antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cell migration properties. Moreover, in a diabetic wound model, treatment with COQTCu accelerated wound healing, promoted angiogenesis, reduced inflammation, and improved collagen accumulation and maturation. Overall, the multilayer multifunctional COQTCu hydrogel microspheres represent a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound treatment and provide valuable insights for the future design of advanced tissue repair materials.
摘要：
This study investigated the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF, E = 0–6 kV/cm, t = 0–5.65 ms) on cell disruption and selective extraction of intracellular components from selenium-enriched Konjac fly powder, in comparison with high pressure homogenization (HPH). The intracellular components extractability and cell disruption degree were evaluated by extraction indexes and cell disruption index, respectively. Results showed that PEF significantly improved cell disruption and components release. The extraction indexes increased with higher E and t . The extractability order was ionic components > carbohydrates > proteins, while the maximum selenium level was obtained at 1.13 ms. Compared to HPH, PEF favored carbohydrates extraction over proteins. For example, at 3 kJ/g, PEF gave a selectivity index ( S ) ≈ 3.0 (4 kV/cm) and ≈ 4.2 (6 kV/cm), while HPH gave S ≈ 2.3. Non-linear relationships between extraction indexes and cell disruption index reflected PEF differential effects on cell membranes and walls.
This study investigated the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF, E = 0–6 kV/cm, t = 0–5.65 ms) on cell disruption and selective extraction of intracellular components from selenium-enriched Konjac fly powder, in comparison with high pressure homogenization (HPH). The intracellular components extractability and cell disruption degree were evaluated by extraction indexes and cell disruption index, respectively. Results showed that PEF significantly improved cell disruption and components release. The extraction indexes increased with higher E and t . The extractability order was ionic components > carbohydrates > proteins, while the maximum selenium level was obtained at 1.13 ms. Compared to HPH, PEF favored carbohydrates extraction over proteins. For example, at 3 kJ/g, PEF gave a selectivity index ( S ) ≈ 3.0 (4 kV/cm) and ≈ 4.2 (6 kV/cm), while HPH gave S ≈ 2.3. Non-linear relationships between extraction indexes and cell disruption index reflected PEF differential effects on cell membranes and walls.
作者机构：
[Xie, Min; Lai, Yan; Fei, Dan; Zhou, Yaomin; Zhou, YM; Guang, Yelan] Jiangxi Acad Agr Sci, Inst Qual Safety & Stand Agr Prod, Key Lab Agroprod Qual & Safety Jiangxi Prov, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Jun] Jiangxi Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Husb & Vet Med, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Na] Jiangxi Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.;[Cai, Jie] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, YM ] J;Jiangxi Acad Agr Sci, Inst Qual Safety & Stand Agr Prod, Key Lab Agroprod Qual & Safety Jiangxi Prov, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Egg quality;Volatile organic compounds;Chemometric analysis;Odor activity value
摘要：
This study analyzed the egg quality of two commercial layers and two local breeds and detected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME-GC-MS) coupled with principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). A total of 70 VOCs were identified in four types of eggs, mainly including aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and esters. Chemometric and odor active value (OAV) analysis indicated that cis-3-hexen-1-ol, nonanal, n-decanal, benzaldehyde, and geranial were the main contributing components of flavor in eggs and can also serve as potential marker to distinguish different types of eggs. Both native eggs and commercial eggs have plentiful VOCs. This study contributed to a better understanding of the differences between commercial eggs and native eggs, laying a foundation for the development and utilization of native eggs.
作者机构：
[Chen, Zuhan; Ma, Ruiyang; Bi, Huanjing; Lu, Cuinan; Wang, Jingwen; Wang, Ying; Dong, Boqing; Wang, Jiale; Zheng, Jin; Li, Yang; Ding, Xiaoming] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Nephropathy Hosp, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Kidney Transplantat, Xian 710061, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Fang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Serich Agr Prod Proc, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Deep Proc Green Serich Agr Prod, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xie, F ] W;[Ding, XM ] X;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Xian 710061, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Carboxymethyl chitosan;Fasudil;Islet encapsulation;Islet transplantation;Schiff base hydrogel;Starch
摘要：
Islet transplantation offers a promising therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes patients with inadequate glycemic control or severe complications. Islet encapsulation using biocompatible materials presents a potential solution to reduce immune rejection. This study fabricated and characterized Schiff base hydrogels (CMOCs) composed of varying ratios of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and oxidized carboxymethyl starch (OCMS). CMOCs exhibited desirable mechanical properties, injectability, self-healing properties, antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, and controlled-release capabilities. CMOC3, with the highest CMCS content, was selected for loading Fasudil and further islet encapsulation experiments. In vitro studies demonstrated that CMOC3 and CMOC3-Fasudil hydrogel (CMOC3-Fas) not only supported islet survival and insulin secretion but also increased insulin bioavailability through chelating the zinc ions from the insulin hexamers. CMOC3-Fas exhibited pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, and effectively reduced islet cell death under hypoxic conditions. Finally, transplantation of islets encapsulated within CMOC3-Fas achieved prolonged normoglycemia and increased body weight in diabetic mice. This study demonstrates the synergistic protective effect of Schiff-base hydrogel co-delivering fasudil for islet encapsulation, potentially paving the way for improved islet transplantation therapy in type 1 diabetes.
Islet transplantation offers a promising therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes patients with inadequate glycemic control or severe complications. Islet encapsulation using biocompatible materials presents a potential solution to reduce immune rejection. This study fabricated and characterized Schiff base hydrogels (CMOCs) composed of varying ratios of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and oxidized carboxymethyl starch (OCMS). CMOCs exhibited desirable mechanical properties, injectability, self-healing properties, antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, and controlled-release capabilities. CMOC3, with the highest CMCS content, was selected for loading Fasudil and further islet encapsulation experiments. In vitro studies demonstrated that CMOC3 and CMOC3-Fasudil hydrogel (CMOC3-Fas) not only supported islet survival and insulin secretion but also increased insulin bioavailability through chelating the zinc ions from the insulin hexamers. CMOC3-Fas exhibited pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, and effectively reduced islet cell death under hypoxic conditions. Finally, transplantation of islets encapsulated within CMOC3-Fas achieved prolonged normoglycemia and increased body weight in diabetic mice. This study demonstrates the synergistic protective effect of Schiff-base hydrogel co-delivering fasudil for islet encapsulation, potentially paving the way for improved islet transplantation therapy in type 1 diabetes.
期刊：
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2025年308(Pt 3):142352 ISSN：0141-8130
通讯作者：
Cai, J
作者机构：
[Cai, Jie; Liu, Nian; Yang, Zhaoxing; He, Zhijun; Feng, Xiaofang; Xie, Fang] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Cai, Jie; Liu, Xiaoqing] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Key Lab Deep Proc Major Grain & Oil, Hubei Key Lab Proc & Transformat Agr Prod, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cai, J ] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Delivery;OSA starch;Selenium nanoparticles
摘要：
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) exhibit significant potential in antitumor therapy. However, challenges such as aggregation and lack of targeting capability limit their application. Herein, we developed selenium-loaded octenyl succinic anhydride starch (OSAS) micelles functionalized with folic acid (FA) for targeted tumor delivery. The FA-OSAS-SeNPs were synthesized through self-assembly, incorporating SeNPs into FA-conjugated OSAS micelles . Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV–visible spectrophotometry confirmed the successful synthesis of FA-OSAS-SeNPs. The nanoparticles exhibited an average size of 131.66 ± 7.88 nm and a zeta potential of −19.54 ± 0.33 mV, with encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity of approximately 87.28 % and 8.96 %, respectively. FA-OSAS-SeNPs demonstrated good stability across various conditions, including different dilution ratios, temperatures, pH levels, and ionic strengths . In vitro studies showed that FA-OSAS-SeNPs exhibited significant targeted inhibitory effects on cervical cancer (HeLa) cells and markedly increased intracellular ROS levels, inducing apoptosis. This study presents a novel and effective strategy for targeted SeNPs delivery systems in tumor therapy, offering a valuable reference for future development of nanomaterials for clinical applications in cancer treatment.
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) exhibit significant potential in antitumor therapy. However, challenges such as aggregation and lack of targeting capability limit their application. Herein, we developed selenium-loaded octenyl succinic anhydride starch (OSAS) micelles functionalized with folic acid (FA) for targeted tumor delivery. The FA-OSAS-SeNPs were synthesized through self-assembly, incorporating SeNPs into FA-conjugated OSAS micelles . Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV–visible spectrophotometry confirmed the successful synthesis of FA-OSAS-SeNPs. The nanoparticles exhibited an average size of 131.66 ± 7.88 nm and a zeta potential of −19.54 ± 0.33 mV, with encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity of approximately 87.28 % and 8.96 %, respectively. FA-OSAS-SeNPs demonstrated good stability across various conditions, including different dilution ratios, temperatures, pH levels, and ionic strengths . In vitro studies showed that FA-OSAS-SeNPs exhibited significant targeted inhibitory effects on cervical cancer (HeLa) cells and markedly increased intracellular ROS levels, inducing apoptosis. This study presents a novel and effective strategy for targeted SeNPs delivery systems in tumor therapy, offering a valuable reference for future development of nanomaterials for clinical applications in cancer treatment.
摘要：
Chitosan (CTS) exhibits notable moisturizing and film-forming capabilities, whereas nano selenium (SeNPs) demonstrates antioxidant and antibacterial properties. In the present study, a CTS/Se film-forming agent was prepared by dissolving CTS, glycerol, and SeNPs in 1% (v/v) glacial acetic acid through heating and ultrasonic treatment. The results revealed that SeNPs fused with CTS via intermolecular forces, thereby enhancing the tensile strength of the CTS film. The water contact angle of the CTS film increased with an increase in SeNPs concentration. The thermal stability and water retention properties of CTS/Se were superior than CTS. In a storage experiment, the content of soluble solids in tomatoes coated with CTS/Se was higher than that in tomatoes coated with CTS and the control. The CTS/Se coating inhibited gas exchange both inside and outside the film, leading to increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. This reduced the oxidation of vitamin C in the tomatoes and decreased the content of malondialdehyde. The CTS/Se film inhibited the growth of bacteria on the tomato surface and mitigated the decline of aldehyde, alcohol and ketone aroma compounds. Consequently, the CTS/Se coating alleviated the softening, aging and rotting of tomatoes. Feeding experiments conducted on mice verified the food safety of the CTS/Se.
Chitosan (CTS) exhibits notable moisturizing and film-forming capabilities, whereas nano selenium (SeNPs) demonstrates antioxidant and antibacterial properties. In the present study, a CTS/Se film-forming agent was prepared by dissolving CTS, glycerol, and SeNPs in 1% (v/v) glacial acetic acid through heating and ultrasonic treatment. The results revealed that SeNPs fused with CTS via intermolecular forces, thereby enhancing the tensile strength of the CTS film. The water contact angle of the CTS film increased with an increase in SeNPs concentration. The thermal stability and water retention properties of CTS/Se were superior than CTS. In a storage experiment, the content of soluble solids in tomatoes coated with CTS/Se was higher than that in tomatoes coated with CTS and the control. The CTS/Se coating inhibited gas exchange both inside and outside the film, leading to increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. This reduced the oxidation of vitamin C in the tomatoes and decreased the content of malondialdehyde. The CTS/Se film inhibited the growth of bacteria on the tomato surface and mitigated the decline of aldehyde, alcohol and ketone aroma compounds. Consequently, the CTS/Se coating alleviated the softening, aging and rotting of tomatoes. Feeding experiments conducted on mice verified the food safety of the CTS/Se.
作者机构：
[Liu, Yulan; Wang, Dan; Li, Shunkang; Wu, Nianbang; He, Wensheng; Kuang, Yanling; Zhu, Huiling] Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China;[Gao, Qingyu; Cong, Xin] Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, China;[Liu, Liping] Beijng Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China;[Cheng, Shuiyuan] National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Xin Cong] E;[Dan Wang] H;Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
This study aimed to investigate the impact of Cardamine violifolia on muscle protein degradation, the inflammatory response and antioxidant function in weaned piglets following LPS challenge. Twenty-four weaned piglets were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment with dietary treatment (sodium selenite or Cardamine violifolia) and LPS challenge. After 28 days of feeding, pigs were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg LPS or saline. Dietary supplementation with Cardamine violifolia mitigated the reduction in insulin and growth hormone levels induced by LPS. It also curbed the LPS-induced elevation of plasma glucagon, urea nitrogen, and creatinine concentrations. Cardamine violifolia reduced muscle damage caused by LPS, as evidenced by increased protein content and protein/DNA ratio and decreased TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression. Furthermore, Cardamine violifolia modulated the expression of FOXO1, FOXO4, and MuRF1 in muscle, indicative of the protective effect against muscle protein degradation. Enhanced muscle antioxidant function was observed in the form of increased T-AOC, reduced MDA concentration, and decreased mRNA expression of GPX3, DIO3, TXNRD1, SELENOS, SELENOI, SELENOO, and SEPHS2 in LPS-treated piglets. The findings suggest that Cardamine violifolia supplementation can effectively alleviate muscle protein degradation induced by LPS and enhance the antioxidant capacity in piglets.
摘要：
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) is a functional food whose quality varies significantly owing to the genetic and geographical factors, and is often used by unscrupulous merchants as a substitute for profit. This study developed a rapid identification method for Gancao that determined the species, geographical origin, and main quality marker using a six-channel visual array sensor. This sensor detected the color changes resulting from the competitive coordination with metal ions and color-changing organic dyes. The combination of the array sensor with a random forest (RF) algorithm achieved 100% accuracy in identifying Gancao. Additionally, the smartphone app enabled the rapid and intelligent identification of Gancao within 1 min. The identification accuracy was 91.43%, and the prediction error of two quality markers was less than 13%. This research provides a foundation for rapid and reliable assessment of Gancao quality, enabling the industry to combat fraudulent practices effectively.
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) is a functional food whose quality varies significantly owing to the genetic and geographical factors, and is often used by unscrupulous merchants as a substitute for profit. This study developed a rapid identification method for Gancao that determined the species, geographical origin, and main quality marker using a six-channel visual array sensor. This sensor detected the color changes resulting from the competitive coordination with metal ions and color-changing organic dyes. The combination of the array sensor with a random forest (RF) algorithm achieved 100% accuracy in identifying Gancao. Additionally, the smartphone app enabled the rapid and intelligent identification of Gancao within 1 min. The identification accuracy was 91.43%, and the prediction error of two quality markers was less than 13%. This research provides a foundation for rapid and reliable assessment of Gancao quality, enabling the industry to combat fraudulent practices effectively.
期刊：
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2025年293:139340 ISSN：0141-8130
通讯作者：
Zhang, Rui;He, JR
作者机构：
[Chen, Ming; Pei, Xun; Yin, Jinjing; Zhang, Rui; Xiong, Sihui; Wu, Muci; He, Jingren] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Se rich Agr Prod Proc, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Deep Proc Green Se Rich Agr Pro, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Oliveira, Helder; Mateus, Nuno] Univ Porto, Fac Sci, Dept Chem & Biochem, REQUIMTE LAQV, P-4169007 Porto, Portugal.;[Ye, Shuxin] Yun Hong Grp Co Ltd, Wuhan 430206, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Rui; He, Jingren] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Key Lab Deep Proc Major Grain & Oil, Hubei Key Lab Proc & Transformat Agr Prod, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[He, Jingren; Zhang, Rui] Wuhan Polytech Univ, 36 Huanhu Middle Rd, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[He, JR ; Zhang, R] W;Wuhan Polytech Univ, 36 Huanhu Middle Rd, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Antioxidant activity;Antiproliferative capacity;Phenolics;Protein;Purple rice (Oryza sativa L.)
摘要：
Purple rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is a rich in endogenous phenolics and proteins. The naturally occurring interactions between phenolic compounds and proteins have been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. In this study, four protein fractions of purple rice (albumin, prolamin, globulin, and glutelin) were extracted, and both protein-free and protein-bound phenolics (PFP and PBP) were isolated from each protein fraction. The major phenolics compounds identified in different protein fraction included protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid. Additionally, the PFP in the albumin fraction exhibited the highest number of anthocyanin glycosides (7 types) among all phenolic compounds, while the remaining compounds were identified only as cornflower-3-glucoside and paeoniflorin-3-glucoside. Moreover, the in vitro antioxidant activity and cancer cell inhibitory effects of PFP and PBP in various protein fraction were investigated using chemiluminescence and cellular assays. The results demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of H₂O₂ was more pronounced than that of other free radicals (O₂ − and OH − ), with albumin and prolamin exhibiting heightened antioxidant activities. Notably, the PBP in various protein fractions showed a higher antiproliferative capacity than their corresponding PFP, indicating a potential synergistic effect of protein-phenolic interactions that differed between the two cell lines, MKN-28 and HT-29.
Purple rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is a rich in endogenous phenolics and proteins. The naturally occurring interactions between phenolic compounds and proteins have been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. In this study, four protein fractions of purple rice (albumin, prolamin, globulin, and glutelin) were extracted, and both protein-free and protein-bound phenolics (PFP and PBP) were isolated from each protein fraction. The major phenolics compounds identified in different protein fraction included protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid. Additionally, the PFP in the albumin fraction exhibited the highest number of anthocyanin glycosides (7 types) among all phenolic compounds, while the remaining compounds were identified only as cornflower-3-glucoside and paeoniflorin-3-glucoside. Moreover, the in vitro antioxidant activity and cancer cell inhibitory effects of PFP and PBP in various protein fraction were investigated using chemiluminescence and cellular assays. The results demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of H₂O₂ was more pronounced than that of other free radicals (O₂ − and OH − ), with albumin and prolamin exhibiting heightened antioxidant activities. Notably, the PBP in various protein fractions showed a higher antiproliferative capacity than their corresponding PFP, indicating a potential synergistic effect of protein-phenolic interactions that differed between the two cell lines, MKN-28 and HT-29.
期刊：
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2025年190:107167 ISSN：0165-2370
通讯作者：
Yingquan Chen<&wdkj&>Mingwei Xia
作者机构：
[Cao, Shan; Chen, Zhiqiang; Tang, Ziyue; Chen, Yingquan; Xia, Mingwei; Yang, Haiping; Chen, Hanping] State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China;[Chen, Wei] College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;[Chen, Xu] School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
通讯机构：
[Yingquan Chen; Mingwei Xia] S;State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
摘要：
Potassium-assisted biomass pyrolysis is highly efficient for product poly-generation and upgrading. In this study, kinetics modeling of over-saturated potassium (K 2 CO 3 )-assisted lignocellulose pyrolysis process was carried out by using the modified Friedman-based master plot (MF-MP) method combined with multiple-parallel compensation-simplified distributed activation energy model (CS-DAEM). The effects of K 2 CO 3 dosage on the lignocellulose pyrolysis process were also studied. MF-MP results show that all the K 2 CO 3 -assisted pyrolysis processes of cellulose, xylan, and lignin obey the Avrami-Erofeev (Am) nucleation mechanism, where potassium slightly decreases the activation energies. The potassium-assisted pyrolysis process of typical lignocellulose (bamboo) also obeys the Am mechanism, and 3G-Am-CS-DAEM modeling of the processes achieves R 2 > 0.999. By fixing the pre-exponential factor, the compensation effect was simplified. Based on modeling results, the activation energy decreases as potassium dosage increases from 0.01 mmol/g to 10 mmol/g. This study provides an effective kinetics approach to characterize the potassium-assisted biomass pyrolysis process.
Potassium-assisted biomass pyrolysis is highly efficient for product poly-generation and upgrading. In this study, kinetics modeling of over-saturated potassium (K 2 CO 3 )-assisted lignocellulose pyrolysis process was carried out by using the modified Friedman-based master plot (MF-MP) method combined with multiple-parallel compensation-simplified distributed activation energy model (CS-DAEM). The effects of K 2 CO 3 dosage on the lignocellulose pyrolysis process were also studied. MF-MP results show that all the K 2 CO 3 -assisted pyrolysis processes of cellulose, xylan, and lignin obey the Avrami-Erofeev (Am) nucleation mechanism, where potassium slightly decreases the activation energies. The potassium-assisted pyrolysis process of typical lignocellulose (bamboo) also obeys the Am mechanism, and 3G-Am-CS-DAEM modeling of the processes achieves R 2 > 0.999. By fixing the pre-exponential factor, the compensation effect was simplified. Based on modeling results, the activation energy decreases as potassium dosage increases from 0.01 mmol/g to 10 mmol/g. This study provides an effective kinetics approach to characterize the potassium-assisted biomass pyrolysis process.
通讯机构：
[Deng, QC ; Chen, L] C;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Bioavailability;Digestion and absorption;Flax lignans;Nanoemulsions;α-Linolenic acid
摘要：
Dietary supplementation with plant-derived α-linolenic acid (ALA), relying on its metabolic conversion into n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs), has the potential to optimize the dietary fatty acid profile and alleviate the global issue of insufficient n-3 LCPUFAs intake. Current research investigates the effects of flax lignans, with varying doses and structures, on the intestinal digestion-absorption and lymph-blood transport of ALA in sunflower phospholipid-stabilized nanoemulsions. The results indicated that the incorporation of flax lignans at various doses did not significantly alter the physical properties of nanoemulsions. However, medium and high doses of flax lignans, especially those partitioned within the aqueous phase and interface, reduced the release of free fatty acids and ALA content in micelles by potentially inhibiting enzyme activity during in vitro digestion. Meanwhile, intragastric administration of medium- or high-dose flax lignan-nanoemulsions decreased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and ALA levels, suggesting an inhibition of lymph-blood transport of ALA-containing chylomicrons. In contrast, the co-delivery of low-dose lignan-nanoemulsions increased serum ALA levels, particularly in flax lignan macromolecule (FLM, +31.4 %) and secoisolariciresinol (SECO, +39.6 %) nanoemulsions groups. Further results revealed that low-dose lignans enhanced ALA bioavailability (14.6 %–45.9 %), acting in a “rate-decelerating but efficiency-enhancing” manner based on the area under the blood concentration-time curve, accompanied by significant effects of FLM and SECO. Therefore, regulating the intestinal digestion and absorption of ALA-containing nanoemulsions may be an effective strategy to improve ALA lymph-blood transport and potential substrate levels for hepatic metabolic conversion. This research supports designing precise dietary delivery systems to improve ALA bioavailability.
Dietary supplementation with plant-derived α-linolenic acid (ALA), relying on its metabolic conversion into n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs), has the potential to optimize the dietary fatty acid profile and alleviate the global issue of insufficient n-3 LCPUFAs intake. Current research investigates the effects of flax lignans, with varying doses and structures, on the intestinal digestion-absorption and lymph-blood transport of ALA in sunflower phospholipid-stabilized nanoemulsions. The results indicated that the incorporation of flax lignans at various doses did not significantly alter the physical properties of nanoemulsions. However, medium and high doses of flax lignans, especially those partitioned within the aqueous phase and interface, reduced the release of free fatty acids and ALA content in micelles by potentially inhibiting enzyme activity during in vitro digestion. Meanwhile, intragastric administration of medium- or high-dose flax lignan-nanoemulsions decreased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and ALA levels, suggesting an inhibition of lymph-blood transport of ALA-containing chylomicrons. In contrast, the co-delivery of low-dose lignan-nanoemulsions increased serum ALA levels, particularly in flax lignan macromolecule (FLM, +31.4 %) and secoisolariciresinol (SECO, +39.6 %) nanoemulsions groups. Further results revealed that low-dose lignans enhanced ALA bioavailability (14.6 %–45.9 %), acting in a “rate-decelerating but efficiency-enhancing” manner based on the area under the blood concentration-time curve, accompanied by significant effects of FLM and SECO. Therefore, regulating the intestinal digestion and absorption of ALA-containing nanoemulsions may be an effective strategy to improve ALA lymph-blood transport and potential substrate levels for hepatic metabolic conversion. This research supports designing precise dietary delivery systems to improve ALA bioavailability.
摘要：
Pressing temperature strongly influences the nutritional and flavor properties of selenium-enriched rapeseed oils (SROs). In this study, five SROs were obtained at 50–60 °C (CPO), 70–80 °C (LPO), 90–100 °C (MPO), 110–120 °C (SPO), and 140–150 °C (HPO) to evaluate changes in selenium (Se) speciation, volatile profiles, and sensory attributes. The total Se content decreased significantly with increasing temperature, from 428.10 ± 21.69 μg/kg in CPO to 147.64 ± 3.12 μg/kg in HPO. Organic Se species, primarily selenomethionine, selenocystine, and Se -methylselenocysteine, were the dominant forms and exhibited higher thermal sensitivity, with reductions of 85.19 %, 66.20 %, and 74.96 % from CPO to MPO, respectively. Subsequently, their levels remained low with a less pronounced decline at higher temperatures. The diversity and abundance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) increased with pressing temperature, with total VOC content rising by 2.84-fold, from 212.10 μg/kg in CPO to 602.35 μg/kg in HPO. Nitriles, sulfur-containing compounds, and heterocyclics increased markedly at higher temperatures, whereas aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and phenols predominated in low-temperature SROs. PCA explained 84 % of the variance and clearly distinguished between cold- and hot-pressed samples, confirming the significant impact of pressing temperature on VOC profiles. Sensory evaluation revealed that low-temperature SROs were characterized by a predominant green aroma, associated with aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones, while high-temperature SROs displayed stronger roasted/nutty, burnt, pungent, and smoky notes, attributed to elevated levels of nitriles, sulfur compounds, and heterocyclics. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing Se retention and flavor quality during SRO processing.
Pressing temperature strongly influences the nutritional and flavor properties of selenium-enriched rapeseed oils (SROs). In this study, five SROs were obtained at 50–60 °C (CPO), 70–80 °C (LPO), 90–100 °C (MPO), 110–120 °C (SPO), and 140–150 °C (HPO) to evaluate changes in selenium (Se) speciation, volatile profiles, and sensory attributes. The total Se content decreased significantly with increasing temperature, from 428.10 ± 21.69 μg/kg in CPO to 147.64 ± 3.12 μg/kg in HPO. Organic Se species, primarily selenomethionine, selenocystine, and Se -methylselenocysteine, were the dominant forms and exhibited higher thermal sensitivity, with reductions of 85.19 %, 66.20 %, and 74.96 % from CPO to MPO, respectively. Subsequently, their levels remained low with a less pronounced decline at higher temperatures. The diversity and abundance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) increased with pressing temperature, with total VOC content rising by 2.84-fold, from 212.10 μg/kg in CPO to 602.35 μg/kg in HPO. Nitriles, sulfur-containing compounds, and heterocyclics increased markedly at higher temperatures, whereas aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and phenols predominated in low-temperature SROs. PCA explained 84 % of the variance and clearly distinguished between cold- and hot-pressed samples, confirming the significant impact of pressing temperature on VOC profiles. Sensory evaluation revealed that low-temperature SROs were characterized by a predominant green aroma, associated with aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones, while high-temperature SROs displayed stronger roasted/nutty, burnt, pungent, and smoky notes, attributed to elevated levels of nitriles, sulfur compounds, and heterocyclics. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing Se retention and flavor quality during SRO processing.
作者机构：
[Li, Liuxia; Lin, Fuchang; Liu, Yi; Gao, Yifan; Peng, Zihuang] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Adv Electromagnet Technol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Liuxia; Lin, Fuchang; Liu, Yi; Gao, Yifan; Peng, Zihuang] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab Pulsed Power Technol, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Pei, Xun; Zhang, Rui] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Natl R&D Ctr Serich Agr Prod Proc, Hubei Engn Res Ctr Deep Proc Green Serich Agr Pro, Sch Modern Ind Selenium Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China.;[Hua, Ruorong] Sichuan Elect Power Hosp, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Y ] H;Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Adv Electromagnet Technol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Pulsed electric field;Microalgae electroporation;Extraction of valuable compounds;Different waveform pulses;Selective extraction
摘要：
The influence of pulsed electric fields with different waveforms on extracting valuable compounds from microalgae was investigated. Four different waveforms (rectangle, bipolar rectangle, oscillating superimposed rectangle, and two-step rectangle) with the same amplitude (25 kV/cm) and energy (4 J/pulse) were generated using a pulsed power generator to induce electroporation and component release of three species of microalgae. For Nannochloropsis and Spirulina platensis , the oscillating superimposed rectangular pulse increased the conductivity of microalgal suspensions twice as much as the other waveforms. For Chlorella vulgaris , the protein extraction effect of the oscillating superimposed rectangular pulse was 70 % higher than that of the conventional unipolar rectangular pulse. The pulse waveforms did not show significant differences in the extraction of small molecules, with the carbohydrate extraction index exceeding 0.3 for four waveforms. The results showed that the pulse waveforms were important for extracting large molecules (e.g., proteins). Reasonably designed pulse waveforms for different species of microalgae can significantly improve protein extraction or selectively extract carbohydrates.
The influence of pulsed electric fields with different waveforms on extracting valuable compounds from microalgae was investigated. Four different waveforms (rectangle, bipolar rectangle, oscillating superimposed rectangle, and two-step rectangle) with the same amplitude (25 kV/cm) and energy (4 J/pulse) were generated using a pulsed power generator to induce electroporation and component release of three species of microalgae. For Nannochloropsis and Spirulina platensis , the oscillating superimposed rectangular pulse increased the conductivity of microalgal suspensions twice as much as the other waveforms. For Chlorella vulgaris , the protein extraction effect of the oscillating superimposed rectangular pulse was 70 % higher than that of the conventional unipolar rectangular pulse. The pulse waveforms did not show significant differences in the extraction of small molecules, with the carbohydrate extraction index exceeding 0.3 for four waveforms. The results showed that the pulse waveforms were important for extracting large molecules (e.g., proteins). Reasonably designed pulse waveforms for different species of microalgae can significantly improve protein extraction or selectively extract carbohydrates.
摘要：
In this study, we extracted, separated, and purified polysaccharides from Se-enriched Cyclocarya paliurus (Se-CPP-1) and compared them with their non-Se-enriched counterparts (CPP-1) to investigate the impact of selenium on their structural and functional properties. Structural characterization by HPLC, GC-MS, and SEM revealed that Se-CPP-1 is an acidic heteropolysaccharide with a lower molecular weight (76.6 vs. 109.22 kDa), smaller particle size (418.22 vs. 536.96 nm), and higher negative zeta potential (-43.15 vs. -21.29 mV), indicating enhanced colloidal stability. SEM imaging further demonstrated a distinctive flaky morphology in Se-CPP-1. Functional assays showed that Se-CPP-1 significantly outperformed CPP-1 in scavenging free radicals (DPPH/ABTS), stimulating RAW264.7 macrophage proliferation (CCK-8 assay), enhancing phagocytic activity, and promoting NO secretion. These improvements were attributed to selenium-induced modifications in polysaccharide conformation and surface properties. Our findings highlight the potential of selenium fortification in developing high-efficacy C. paliurus polysaccharides for antioxidant and immunomodulatory applications.
