摘要：
Dietary oils have critical influences on human health, and thermally cooking or frying modify the components and nutritional functions of oils. Palm oil was the most widely used oil in food processing industry, but its health effects remain debatable. In the current study, we aimed to compare the effects of thermally oxidized palm oil and canola oil on gut microbiota. Palm oil or canola oil were heated at 180 degrees C for 10 h to prepare high-fat diets. Rats were fed high-fat diets for 3 months, and hematological properties, gut microflora composition and intestinal gene expression were examined. The results indicated that heated canola oil consumption elevated plasma total cholesterol and LDL-c levels compared with unheated canola oil, but heated palm oil does not had these effects; and consumption of heated palm oil significantly elevated the relative abundance of Lactobacillucs and Roseburia in gut, compared with non-heated palm oil or two canola oil groups. Moreover, intestinal expression of IL-22 was increased in heated palm oil fed animal, though ZO-1 and GPR41 were reduced. In conclusion, heating process may enhance the effects of palm oil on proliferation of probiotics Lactobacillucs, and weaken the effects of canola oil on cholesterol transport and metabolism. (C) 2021 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
作者：
Ran Xu;Jiang Xu;Yong-chang Li;Yun-tao Dai;Shao-peng Zhang;...
期刊：
中草药：英文版,2020年12(1):19-28 ISSN：1674-6384
通讯作者：
Lin-lin Dong<&wdkj&>Shi-lin Chen
作者机构：
College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430000,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700,China;[Jiang Xu; Yun-tao Dai; Lin-lin Dong; Shi-lin Chen] Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;[Yong-chang Li] Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Joplin 64804, USA;[Shao-peng Zhang; Guang Wang; Zhi-guo Liu] College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430000, China
通讯机构：
[Lin-lin Dong; Shi-lin Chen] I;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
关键词：
Angelicae Sinensis Radix;biosynthesis;comparative transcriptomics;ferulic acid;three medicinal root parts
摘要：
OBJECTIVE: Why are different medicinal parts including heads, bodies and tails of Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR) distinct in pharmaceutical activities? Here we explored their discrepancy in chemical constituents and transcriptome. METHODS: ASR were separated into three medicinal parts: heads (rootstocks with petiole traces of ASR), bodies (taproots of ASR) and tails (lateral roots of ASR), and chemical and transcriptomic analyses were conducted simultaneously. RESULTS: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint results showed that five widely used active ingredients (ferulic acid, senkyunolide H, senkyunolide A, n-butylphathlide, and ligustilide) were distributed unevenly in the three ASR medicinal parts. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) demonstrated that the heads can be differentiated from the two other root parts due to different amounts of the main components. However, the content of ferulic acid (a main quality marker) was significantly higher in tails than in the heads and bodies. The transcriptome analysis found that 25,062, 10,148 and 29,504 unigenes were specifically expressed in the heads, bodies and tails, respectively. WGCNA analysis identified 17 co-expression modules, which were constructed from the 19,198 genes in the nine samples of ASR. Additionally, we identified 28 unigenes involved in two phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (PB) pathways about ferulic acid metabolism pathways, of which 17 unigenes (60.7%) in the PB pathway were highly expressed in the tails. The expression levels of PAL, C3H, and CQT transcripts were significantly higher in the tails than in other root parts. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that PAL, C3H, and CQT genes were predominantly expressed in the tail parts, especially PAL, whose expression was more than doubled as compared with that in other root parts. CONCLUSION: Chemical and transcriptomic analyses revealed the distribution contents and pivotal transcripts of the ferulic acid biosynthesis-related pathways. The spatial gene expression pattern partially explained the discrepancy of integral medicinal activities of three medicinal root parts.
期刊：
E3S Web of Conferences,2019年131:01016-null ISSN：2555-0403
通讯作者：
Liu, Z.
作者机构：
[Liu Z.; Wu T.; Wang H.; Ruan M.; Yu J.; Cheng M.] School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
通讯机构：
[Liu, Z.] S;School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, China
会议名称：
2nd International Conference on Biofilms, ChinaBiofilms 2019
摘要：
Our previous studies have found that fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFA) protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. This study was aimed to explore the effects of fish oil on high fat diet (HFD)-induced circadian bile composition chaos. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups, a control group (CON), a HFD group and a fish oil (FO) group, which were fed a normal chow diet, a HFD, and a HFD supplemented with FO, respectively for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, liver tissue, blood and bile samples were processed at 12-h intervals with the first one at zeitgeber time 0 (ZT0) and the second at zeitgeber time 12 (ZT12). Metabolites in bile were determined using UPLC-QTOF-MS, screened using multivariate statistical analysis, and analyzed using KEGG database and Metaboanalyst. The expression levels of key proteins in bile acid metabolism were examined using western blot. Results of biochemical analysis and H&E staining illustrated that feeding of HFD induced NAFLD, which was ameliorated in FO group. The bile content of each group at ZT0 (CON, HFD, or FO group) was respectively higher than that at ZT12 (P<.05). The metabolic pathway analysis of differential metabolites showed that these differences were correlated with amino acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis and primary bile acid synthesis at ZT0. FO supplement could modify bile composition, which was related to the influence of its omega-3 PUFA on liver metabolism. omega-3 PUFA may also regulate the circadian rhythm of bile metabolism.
摘要：
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a well-known food-borne pathogen that causes systemic listeriosis. Its biofilm-forming ability is known to be important for its antimicrobial resistance and persistence. Epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) is the highest component of tea polyphenols in tea extracts and has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. In this study, the efficacys of EGCG to inhibit biofilm formation and hemolytic activity of L. monocytogenes were determined. EGCG at 20 mu g/mL, 40 mu g/mL (less than compound's minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) and 200 mu g/mL (1 MIC) were tested. Crystal violet staining showed that sub-MIC and MIC of EGCG could significantly reduce the biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes on polystyrene microtiter plates at three temperatures (15 degrees C, 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C). EGCG reduced the sessile cell numbers present in biofilm at those temperatures. EGCG also significantly inhibited hemolytic activity of L. monocytogenes as measured by sheep red blood cells. Real time PCR assay was used to investigate the relative gene expression of L monocytogenes grown at 37 degrees C and revealed that EGCG down-regulated virulence genes (inlA and hly), SOS response genes (recA and yneA) and quorum sensing gene (agrA). These results suggested the feasibility of using EGCG in food industry to control L monocytogenes biofilm formation. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Paenibacterin is a novel antimicrobial lipopeptide produced by Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus. The present study assesses the efficacy of paenibacterin in inhibiting Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation and removing established biofilm. Paenibacterin at 1.7 mu g/mL (less than compound's minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) and higher concentrations (3.4 mu g/mL, 6.8 mu g/mL) were tested. Concentrations greater than the lipopeptide's MIC significantly inhibited the formation of L. monocytogenes biofilm on polystyrene microtiter plates at 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C. Paenibacterin also was added to established biofilm and its structure or removal was monitored by fluorescence microscopes after appropriate staining. Results show that paenibacterin could eliminate established biofilms formed at 30 degrees C for 72 h, whereas it could not disrupt stronger biofilms formed at 37. degrees C for 72 h. Motility of L. monocytogenes is important for its ability to form biofilm. Swimming assay confirmed that paenibacterin suppressed L. monocytogenes motility. Real time quantitative PCR data revealed that paenibacterin down-regulated L. monocytogenes critical biofilm-associated genes, prfA, agrA, flail, fliG and flgE. These results suggested the feasibility of using paenibacterin in food processing environments to control L. monocytogenes growth and biofilm formation, or even for removal of some established biofilms. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Objective: To explore the toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the liver lipid metabolism of offspring mice and the possible mechanisms involved. Method: Virgin female (16–18 g) and male (18–20 g) C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups: Control group and Test group. After anesthesia with chloral hydrate, the mice were administered 50 μL saline or dust solution by intratracheal instillation (Control group: 50 μL saline; Test group: 15 mg kg−1 MWCNTs). Mice were injected with these doses once a week for 13 weeks. Then, male and female mice in the same group were allowed to mate to produce offspring. The pups were fed with normal diet until the end of the experiment (12 weeks old). The offspring mice were sacrificed by decapitation to detect the blood biochemistry and the expression of genes and proteins. Results: Compared with the Control group, MWCNTs significantly reduced the weight of offspring mice (male and female) and led to histopathological changes in the liver tissues. The expression of liver fat synthesis gene significantly increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The expression of genes and proteins involved in the inflammatory reactions appeared to be abnormal (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion: Exposure of adult mice to MWCNTs can affect the expression of fatty acid synthesis genes in the liver tissues of offspring mice, leading to disruption of liver function and accumulation of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes. The imbalance between M1 and M2 liver macrophage phenotypes may be one of the underlying mechanisms of action of MWCNTs leading to disordered fatty acid synthesis in offspring mice.
Objective: To explore the toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the liver lipid metabolism of offspring mice and the possible mechanisms involved.
作者机构：
[Wang, Hualin; Liu, Zhiguo] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Biol & Pharmaceut Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Hualin; Wan, Jennifer Man-Fan; Sit, Wat-Hung] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Food & Nutr Div, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Tipoe, George Lim] Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Dept Anat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wan, Jennifer Man-Fan] U;Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Food & Nutr Div, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Introduction: The influences of dietary fatty acids on the progress of chronic liver diseases have attracted lots of attentions, but the mechanisms of the effects of lipids rich in saturated fatty acids or PUFAs on hepatic fibrogenesis remain unclear. Methods: Female Fischer 344 rats were fed normal chow or chow plus 20% (w/w) of corn oil or lard, respectively, and injected CCl4 twice a week for 4 weeks to induce liver fibrosis. Masson's staining was adopted to illustrate the fibrosis level. The mRNA expression level of alpha-SMA and the DNA methylation level of its promoter region were analyzed. A 2-DE gel based proteomic approach was constructed to investigate the differential expression level of hepatic proteome between three diet groups. Results: Histological evaluations and alpha-SMA expression analysis illustrated the high corn oil intake has no effects on hepatic fibrogenesis, but lard intake aggravated liver fibrosis, partly attributed to DNA demethylation of alpha-SMA promoter region. 2-DE Gel based proteomic study demonstrated excessive lard consumption elevated the expression of fibrosis related alpha-1-antitrypsin precursor, and endoplasmic reticulum stress related proteins such as heat shock cognate 71 kDa, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1 and protein disulfide isomerase associated 3. Moreover, unlike corn oil rich in PUFAs, lard had no effects to elevate the expression of glutathione S-transferases, but decreased the expression of iron store related proteins heme binding protein 1 and ferritin. Conclusions: Lard intake aggravates CCl4 induced liver fibrosis via enhancing the expression of fibrogenesis and ER stress related proteins, and disturbing the hepatic transmethylation reaction. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.
摘要：
<jats:p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide. Recent studies have indicated that fish oil supplementation has benefits against NAFLD. Our previous transcriptomic study has validated the effect of fish oil supplementation on altering hepatic gene expression in a NAFLD rat model. In the current study, we examined the effects of fish oil on the expression of hepatic microRNAs. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with a lab chow (CON), high-fat high-cholesterol diet (WD), or WD supplemented with fish oil (FOH), respectively. Small RNAs were extracted from livers for RNA-sequencing. A total of 79 miRNAs were identified as differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between FOH and WD groups, exemplified by rno-miR-29c-3p, rno-miR-30d-5p, rno-miR-33-5p, rno-miR-34a, and rno-miR-328a-3p. Functional annotation of DEMs predicted target genes suggested that the altered hepatic miRNAs contributed to fish oil modification of hepatic lipid metabolism and signaling transduction. Integrative analysis of DEMs and differentially expressed genes suggested that the expression difference of<jats:italic> Pcsk9, Insig2, Per3,</jats:italic> and<jats:italic> Socs1/3</jats:italic> between FOH and WD groups may be due to miRNA modification. Our study reveals that fish oil supplementation alters hepatic expression of miRNAs, which may contribute to fish oil amelioration of NAFLD in rats.</jats:p>
摘要：
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are one of the most important recently emerged groups of food borne pathogens. This study investigated the prevalence of molecular markers for STEC and characteristics of E. coli O157 isolates from foods sold at retail markets in Wuhan, China. A total of 489 samples (350 meat products and 139 raw vegetables) were purchased from 22 large scale markets between July of 2011 and September of 2013. The meat samples consisted of frozen chicken products, raw pork, raw beef, frozen fish products and processed duck products. The raw vegetable samples consisted of lettuce, bok choy, radish, spinach, cucumber, and tomato. Shiga toxin genes (stx1 and stx2) and an O-group marker of the seven main pathogenic STEC serogroups (O157, O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145) were detected in the samples by using PCR. 100% agreement was obtained between the results of the PCR targeting for wzy(O157) and the PCR targeting for rfbE(O157) gene. The result demonstrated that PCR assay targeting for wzy(O157) gene can be employed as an effective screening method for E. coli O157 in food sample. In the study, E. coli O157 and non-O157 STEC were detected in 55 (11.2%) and 75 (153%) samples by PCR screening, respectively. There was significant difference in the occurrence of STEC contamination between supermarkets (19/127, 15.0%) and open markets (111/362, 30.7%) (P < 0.05). Out of 489 samples, 5 samples carried O45, 1 sample carried O145 and 1 sample carried O111. Markers for O103, O26 and O121 were not detected. This result differed from other reports. Immunomagnetic separation based cultivation technique was used to isolate E. coli O157 from 27 food samples collected in 2013. Finally 7 E. coli O157 isolates were obtained. Among the 7 isolates, the prevalent six genotype was stx(1a) and stx(2a). Four E. coli O157 strains exhibited toxic effects on Vero cells, while 3 isolates had no detectable cytotoxicity effects even though they contained sty genes. All E. coli O157 isolates were sensitive to the 12 antimicrobials tested except for roxithromycin. There are some inconsistencies between the PCR screening and culture results. Characteristics of STEC isolates should be evaluated and considered for monitoring STEC contamination in foods. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
